Life Cycle Assessment Of The Feed Supply Chain In California Beef Production
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Life Cycle Assessment Of The Feed Supply Chain In California Beef Production
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Author : Samantha June Werth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Life Cycle Assessment Of The Feed Supply Chain In California Beef Production written by Samantha June Werth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
The environmental impacts of livestock production have most commonly been determined through the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). There have been several cradle-to-farm-gate LCA for beef production around the world, but only two comprehensive cradle-to-grave LCA for beef production. The present review aims to: (1) assess beef production LCAs to date, (2) determine where variation among methodologies affect LCA outcomes, and (3) identify areas where further LCA are necessary. Twenty-two beef production LCA studies from peer-reviewed scientific journals and scientific reports were identified and analyzed, spanning a range of geographic locations and beef production systems in various parts of the world. The wide variety of LCA focusing on various areas of beef production provides a solid foundation for future beef LCA to build upon. Most common impacts included in beef LCAs are global warming, land use, energy, acidification, eutrophication, and water use. Of these categories global warming has, by far, been the impact most greatly assessed. While other categories have been addressed to some extent, methodologies for quantifying these impacts are variable and lead to a wide range of results. This warrants a need for a harmonized and standardized method for performing a complete beef LCA. The variety in type of beef system under review and methodologies used throughout the development of each LCA creates substantial variation in results. Future beef LCAs will need to further investigate the impacts of land use, energy, acidification, eutrophication, and water so that there may be a more comprehensive overview of the impacts of beef production on the environment. Currently, there is not a standard for performing a LCA in beef production though review of the literature indicates a great need. With the formation of a universal standard for performing beef LCA, it will become easier to compare production systems around the world and to identify areas where mitigation strategies are most needed in beef production.One area where standardization can be achieved is the assessment of feeds and diets fed to cattle in beef cattle production. The United Nation's Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) along with numerous partner entities has worked to create guidelines for quantification of the environmental performance of animal feed supply chains as a result of the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) Partnership. The goal of the present study is to determine the climate change impact from the feed supply chain associated with production of 1 kg total mixed ration (TMR) for a finisher feedlot ration typical of California, USA (kg CO2e kg−1 TMR). This was achieved following LEAP guidelines and methodology. Inventory data for a typical finisher TMR was collected. System boundaries included feed production (including crop and feed additives), transportation (from field or factory to feedmill), and feedmill compound feed production. Given the scope of the study, primary data were hardly available. In accordance with LEAP guidelines, secondary data were sourced from national databases and Ecoinvent[trademark symbol] unit process data. Three scenarios were assessed as a result of allocation at the transportation step. Scenario A assumed that once a feed ingredient was transported to the feedmill, 100% of the empty return load would be allocated to the TMR production. For Scenario B and Scenario C, 50% and 0%, respectively, of the empty return load was allocated to TMR production. Total GHG emissions were determined to be 0.630 kg CO2e/ kg TMR for Scenario A, 0.576 kg CO2e/ kg TMR for Scenario B, and 0.521 kg CO2e/ kg TMR for Scenario C. Corn production, transportation, and liquid premix production were the main contributors to the life cycle impacts of TMR production. The present study may serve as a tool for future LCA practitioners to utilize and may inform future decisions for improvements or alterations of the LEAP guidelines.
A Life Cycle Assessment Of The Beef Cattle Production System For The Northern Great Plains Us
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Author : Christopher D. Lupo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
A Life Cycle Assessment Of The Beef Cattle Production System For The Northern Great Plains Us written by Christopher D. Lupo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Cattle categories.
A life cycle assessment (LCA) model was developed to estimate the environmental impacts associated with four different management practices for beef production in the Northern Great Plains (NGP) U.S. The ISO-compliant model followed a "gate to gate" approach, and included feed production, feed manufacturing and pumping, mineral/supplement production, transportation, enteric emissions, and manure emissions and handling. Four distinct operation scenarios were modeled based on production strategies common to the NGP: normal operation, early weaning of the calf, fast-track backgrounding, and grassfed. Model results were normalized to one kg beef carcass, and midpoint impacts (climate change, soil acidification, freshwater and marine eutrophication, and terrestrial ecotoxicity) and endpoint impacts (damage to human health, ecosystem diversity, and resource availability) were assessed. For all operations, the enteric emissions were the largest contributor to climate change, human health, and ecosystem diversity. Manure emissions and handling was the largest contributor to the remaining midpoint impact categories, while mineral/supplement production and feed production were the largest effect on resource availability. There was little variability between scenarios except for the grassfed, where there was a substantial increase (37%) in the climate change impact. Reductions in climate change were realized when soil organic carbon accrual was considered. Possible mitigation options with respect to diet manipulation and management strategies were discussed, and can be used for guidance by producers, environmental practitioners, and policy makers.
Environmental Performance Of Pig Supply Chains Guidelines For Assessment Version 1
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2018-02-23
Environmental Performance Of Pig Supply Chains Guidelines For Assessment Version 1 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This is a living document produced by the Livestock Environmental and Assessment Performance (LEAP) Partnership. The document presents a methodology and provides guidance for the assessment of the environmental performance of pig supply chains. It provides users guidance on how to apply the life cycle assessment approach to pig supply chains. Demand for livestock products is projected to grow 1.3 percent per year until 2050, driven by global population growth and increasing wealth and urbanization. This projected growth places significant pressure on the livestock sector to perform in a more sustainable way. Currently, many different methods are used to assess the environmental impacts and performance of livestock products. This causes confusion and makes it difficult to compare results and set priorities for continuing improvement. The intention of this document is to provide an overview assessment of existing studies and associated methods that have used life cycle assessment for the evaluation of pig supply chains.
2008 Energy Balance For The Corn Ethanol Industry
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Author : H. Shapouri
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2011
2008 Energy Balance For The Corn Ethanol Industry written by H. Shapouri and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The Agricultural Resource Management Survey of corn growers for the year 2005 and the 2008 survey of dry mill ethanol plants are used to estimate the net energy balance of corn ethanol. This report measures all conventional fossil fuel energy used in the production of 1 gallon of corn ethanol. The ratio is about 2.3 BTU of ethanol for 1 BTU of energy inputs, when a portion of total energy input is allocated to byproduct, and fossil fuel is used for processing energy. The ratio is somewhat higher for some firms that are partially substituting biomass energy in processing energy. Charts and tables.
Greenhouse Gas Emmission From Ruminant Supply Chains
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Author : Pierre Gerber
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Greenhouse Gas Emmission From Ruminant Supply Chains written by Pierre Gerber and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING categories.
Food Supply Chain Management
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Author : Madeleine Pullman
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-05-22
Food Supply Chain Management written by Madeleine Pullman and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Food Supply Chain Management: Economic, Social and Environmental Perspectives is very different from parts supply chain management as can be seen from the increasing health, safety and environmental concerns that are increasingly garnering the public’s attention about different food supply chain problems. Food supply chain managers face very different environments. For example, there are very specific regulations from government bodies such as FDA or US Department of Agriculture, commodity subsidy programs, ever-changing trade policies, or increasing trends with intense public interest such as sustainability or bioengineering. While the popular press has written extensively about certain food supply chain issues, these books focus on health effects, specific supply chain practices (buy local vs. commodity supply chain), agricultural policy impacts, and problems in the modern food supply chain. Food Supply Chain Management covers the food supply chain comprehensively, and is appropriate for a business student audience and students in agriculture business, natural resources and food science.
Precision Livestock Farming 05
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Author : S. Cox
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2023-08-28
Precision Livestock Farming 05 written by S. Cox and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
"Precision Livestock Farming presents the latest scientific results from worldwide research, field studies and practical application. The book contains peer-reviewed papers that were presented at the 2nd European Conference on Precision Livestock Farming.The major topics in the book are animal welfare; food quality (including traceability of origin) and environmental pollution (including treatment of animal waste). The wide range of research topics reported will be a valuable resource for researchers, advisors, teachers and professionals in agriculture long after the conference has finished."
Sustainable Rice Straw Management
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Author : Martin Gummert
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-01
Sustainable Rice Straw Management written by Martin Gummert and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-01 with Agriculture categories.
This open access book on straw management aims to provide a wide array of options for rice straw management that are potentially more sustainable, environmental, and profitable compared to current practice. The book is authored by expert researchers, engineers and innovators working on a range of straw management options with case studies from Vietnam, the Philippines and Cambodia. The book is written for engineers and researchers in order to provide them information on current good practice and the gaps and constraints that require further research and innovation. The book is also aimed at extension workers and farmers to help them decide on the best alternative straw management options in their area by presenting both the technological options as well as the value chains and business models required to make them work. The book will also be useful for policy makers, required by public opinion to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, looking for research-based evidence to guide the policies they develop and implement.
Livestock S Long Shadow
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Author : Henning Steinfeld
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2006
Livestock S Long Shadow written by Henning Steinfeld and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
"The assessment builds on the work of the Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative"--Pref.
Handbook On Life Cycle Assessment
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Author : Jeroen B. Guinée
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-11
Handbook On Life Cycle Assessment written by Jeroen B. Guinée and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-11 with Science categories.
Environmental policy aims at the transition to sustainable production and consumption. This is taking place in different ways and at different levels. In cases where businesses are continuously active to improve the environmental performance of their products and activities, the availability of knowledge on environmental impacts is indispensable. The integrated assessment of all environmental impacts from cradle to grave is the basis for many decisions relating to achieving improved products and services. The assessment tool most widely used for this is the environmental Life Cycle Assessment, or LCA. Before you is the new Handbook of LCA replacing the previous edition of 1992. New developments in LCA methodology from all over the world have been discussed and, where possible, included in this new Handbook. Integration of all developments into a new, consistent method has been the main aim for the new Handbook. The thinking on environment and sustainability is, however, quickly evolving so that it is already clear now that this new LCA Handbook does not embrace the very latest developments. Therefore, further revisions will have to take place in the future. A major advantage of this Handbook is that it now also advises which procedures should be followed to achieve adequate, relevant and accepted results. Furthermore, the distinction between detailed and simplified LCA makes this Handbook more broadly applicable, while guidance is provided as to which additional information can be relevant for specialised applications.