Light Duty Natural Gas Vehicles
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Light Duty Natural Gas Vehicles
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Author : Naftc
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Light Duty Natural Gas Vehicles written by Naftc and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Energy consumption is increasing at a dramatic rate everywhere in the world. The extent of this consumption is directly proportional to a society's economic and industrial development. It is a well-established fact that petroleum is one of the most widely-used fuel resources in the world today. As more and more countries prosper, we will see accelerating depletion of traditional energy sources used for transportation. Energy independence is becoming a crucial factor affecting homeland security, in the U.S. and in other developed countries. An adequate and reliable fuel supply is a critical component of any strategic plan for economic development and national security. In every nation, the choice of fuel has assumed serious economic and environmental consequences, in the forms of budget deficits caused by oil imports and ecological degradation caused by pollution.Air pollution in some metropolitan areas has reached alarming levels. In response to this pollution, environmental concerns have contributed to the improvement of fuel quality. Over the past decade, the possibility of substituting cleaner-burning alternatives for gasoline and diesel has drawn the attention of the automobile industry, as well as of federal, state, and local governments. Even though it is well known that alternative fuels create less pollution and help states and metropolitan areas to meet stringent environmental requirements, gasoline and diesel remain the most common transportation fuels in the U.S. Additionally, alternative fuels have marked benefits beyond air quality: new fuels in the marketplace offer consumers new choices and can decrease the country's dependence on imported oil.Alternative fuel vehicles are becoming more readily available to consumers and fleets. Their widespread use in the near future is not only feasible, but necessary. To enable the transition to alternative fuels, technologies must be refined so that vehicles can achieve optimum performance and emissions characteristics. New infrastructures must be developed and supported.Using less-expensive alternative fuels-including compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, and propane-has the potential to significantly reduce an operation's transportation costs.To learn more, go to naftc.wvu.edu
Efficiency Improvement Opportunities For Light Duty Natural Gas Fueled Vehicles
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Efficiency Improvement Opportunities For Light Duty Natural Gas Fueled Vehicles written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
The purpose of this report is to evaluate and make recommendations concerning technologies that promise to improve the efilciency of compressed natural gas (CNG) light-duty vehicles. Technical targets for CNG automotive technology given in the March 1998 OffIce of Advanced Automotive Technologies research and development plan were used as guidance for this effort. The technical target that necessitates this current study is to validate technologies that enable CNG light vehicles to have at least 10% greater - fuel economy (on a miles per gallon equivalent basis) than equivalent gasoline vehicles by 2006. Other tar- gets important to natural gas (NG) automotive technology and this study are to: (1) increase CNG vehicle range to 380 miles, (2) reduce the incremental vehicle cost (CNG vs gasoline) to $1500, and (3) meet the California ultra low-emission vehicle (ULEV) and Federal Tier 2 emission standards expected to be in effect in 2004.
An Electronic Gas Regulator For Light Duty Natural Gas Vehicles
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Author : Michael T. Sulatisky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
An Electronic Gas Regulator For Light Duty Natural Gas Vehicles written by Michael T. Sulatisky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Natural gas vehicles categories.
Replacing Gasoline
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Replacing Gasoline written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Energy policy categories.
Adsorbed Natural Gas On Board Storage For Light Duty Vehicles
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Author : Lawrence H. Dubois
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Adsorbed Natural Gas On Board Storage For Light Duty Vehicles written by Lawrence H. Dubois and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Automobiles categories.
Replacing Gasoline Alternative Fuels For Light Duty Vehicles
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date :
Replacing Gasoline Alternative Fuels For Light Duty Vehicles written by and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Issues Affecting Adoption Of Natural Gas Fuel In Light And Heavy Duty Vehicles
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Issues Affecting Adoption Of Natural Gas Fuel In Light And Heavy Duty Vehicles written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This report provides a preliminary examination of the incentives and barriers for adopting compressed natural gas (CNG) as the fuel for light-duty passenger cars, heavy duty combination trucks, and fleet vehicles of all types. In all cases the primary incentive to switch from gasoline or diesel fuel to natural gas is the potential savings in fuel costs. Additional benefits at a national level include a reduction in foreign oil imports and reduced vehicle emissions. Barriers to application of CNG to passenger vehicles include the cost premium for the vehicle, significant competition from hybrid vehicles, limited original equipment manufacturer vehicle selection, high cost and poor selection for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved vehicle conversions, and a limited public refueling infrastructure. The purchase and maintenance costs for operating a compressor at home to refuel from a residential gas source is less cost effective than using a public refueling station and provides fuel at a lower cost than gasoline only in regions of the country with the lowest natural gas prices. Heavy-duty vehicles using liquefied natural gas (LNG) with a high-pressure direct injection system (HPDI) engine have improved driving range, efficiency, and power compared to a similar vehicle using CNG with a spark-ignited engine. However, use of LNG makes the lack of a refueling infrastructure even more critical because CNG stations far outnumber LNG stations. Despite the fact that an LNG-equipped truck is much more expensive than a diesel truck, the payback in terms of fuel cost is more rapid than a passenger vehicle because of the higher number of miles travelled per year and the much lower fuel mileage, which increases the potential fuel cost savings. The most attractive opportunity for natural gas vehicles is for fleet vehicles operating in regions with low natural gas prices because of 1) the ability of the vehicles to return to a captive refueling infrastructure and 2) the relatively high number of miles driven per year. Displacing a major fraction of gasoline and diesel vehicles will require significant incremental investments in the natural gas infrastructure. Incremental investments to reach a 20-percent penetration of the vehicle fuel market (the point at which a market may become self-sustaining) assuming an LNG/CNG refueling station infrastructure are estimated to be ~$87 billion for production and distribution, ~$68 billion for refueling stations and ~$72 billion for liquefaction capacity. Cost would increase proportionally if 56-percent market penetration is assumed, which would be necessary to displace vehicle fuel attributable to imported oil. While investments in natural gas production will occur without additional incentives as demand increases, the same may not be true for public refueling stations, which require that a threshold number of CNG vehicles be on the road before the stations become profitable. Measures that may help develop the refueling infrastructure are incentivizing private refueling stations to provide public access, incentivizing public refueling station construction, and encouraging bi-fuel vehicles that can utilize a limited CNG refueling infrastructure where available but still operate in areas were CNG refueling stations are not available. The potential impact on oil imports is about 2.6 times greater for on-road gasoline vehicles than for on-road diesel vehicles. This is due to a combination of a larger fraction of a barrel of oil being converted to gasoline combined with a higher percentage of gasoline being used for on-road vehicles. However, the greatest impact is obtained by use of natural gas to displace both gasoline and diesel fuel.
Cost Effectiveness And Deployment Of Fuel Economy Technologies For Light Duty Vehicles
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-09-28
Cost Effectiveness And Deployment Of Fuel Economy Technologies For Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-28 with Science categories.
The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Transitions To Alternative Vehicles And Fuels
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-04-14
Transitions To Alternative Vehicles And Fuels written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-14 with Science categories.
For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.
The Federal Government S Role In Promoting Natural Gas Vehicles
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
The Federal Government S Role In Promoting Natural Gas Vehicles written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Business & Economics categories.