Light Scattering Near The Critical Angle In Air Bubbles In Water And Glass
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Light Scattering Near The Critical Angle In Air Bubbles In Water And Glass
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Author : Dwight Leigh Kingsbury
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Light Scattering Near The Critical Angle In Air Bubbles In Water And Glass written by Dwight Leigh Kingsbury and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Light categories.
Light Scattering By Bubbles In Liquids Or In Glass
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Light Scattering By Bubbles In Liquids Or In Glass written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
This technical report consists of publications, manuscripts, and supplemental information related to the scattering of light by bubbles in liquids and in glass. The emphasis of the report is on the scattering by air bubbles in water into the angular regions where diffraction makes essential corrections to elementary ray optics. For bubbles these regions are backward, forward and critical angle scattering. Most of the previous literature on light scattering is concerned with drop-like objects where the refractive index of the scatterer exceeds that of the surroundings. The present results should be useful for the optical characterization of microbubbles at sea and in water tunnels, or for the prediction of the optical properties of bubbly media. They should also be useful for laser-Doppler anemometry with microbubbles and the detection of microbubbles in glass. Certain phenomena described here should be present for other spherical or nearly spherical scatterers where the refractive index is less than that of the surroundings, for example: air bubbles in ice, water inclusions in fused quartz (such as those present in varieties of opal glass), ice spheres in water, and superheated drops in a host liquid. The coarse structure in the critical scattering region can be present even if the scatterer is not spherical.
Mechanics And Physics Of Bubbles In Liquids
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Author : Leen van Wijngaarden
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Mechanics And Physics Of Bubbles In Liquids written by Leen van Wijngaarden and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A IUTAM (International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics) Sympo sium 'Mechanics and Physics of Bubbles in Liquids' was held at Pasadena, Calif., USA from 15 through 19 June 1981. The present volume contains the printed version of nearly all papers read at the Symposium. The study of the behaviour of bubbles in liquids was originally stimu lated by problems in cavitation and in boiling ofliquids. Today research is initiated by problems in many other fields as well. In this respect a growing interest from the side of biomechanics may be mentioned. Ordering of the papers could be done either according to the various mechanical and physical aspects of the subject or according to the fields of application. The presentaton at the Symposium contained a bit of both; there was a session on physico-chemical aspects for example and also a session on biological applications. The subdivision in this volume follows roughly the sessions in the Symposium. Most of them start with a paper of a survey nature, reporting progress made in recent years. Here, as in other fields of engineering science, one notes the important part played by experimental techniques and by numerical analysis.
Light Scattering From Bubbles In Liquids
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Author : Dean Scott Langley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Light Scattering From Bubbles In Liquids written by Dean Scott Langley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Bubbles categories.
The scattering of laser light from bubbles in liquids was photographed, and angular features in the far-zone intensity are compared with models. Diffraction effects are prominent in three regions of the scattering: near the critical angle, and in the forward and backward directions. The forward and backward scattered light exhibits the intensity enhancement known as the 'glory'. Simple geometrical optics is unable to approximate the scattering pattern in the diffraction regions. Physical-optics models are presented for each case and shown to be in agreement with the observations. These models give insight into the optical properties of scatterers whose refractive index is less than that of their surroundings. Comparisons also include the results of Mie theory computations for the critical-angle and forward regions. Some applications of the results to the sizing and detection of bubbles are discussed.
Sonochemistry And Sonoluminescence
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Author : L.A. Crum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Sonochemistry And Sonoluminescence written by L.A. Crum and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.
Sonochemistry is studied primarily by chemists and sonoluminescence mainly by physicists, but a single physical phenomenon - acoustic cavitation - unites the two areas. The physics of cavitation bubble collapse, is relatively well understood by acoustical physicists but remains practically unknown to the chemists. By contrast, the chemistry that gives rise to electromagnetic emissions and the acceleration of chemical reactions is familiar to chemists, but practically unknown to acoustical physicists. It is just this knowledge gap that the present volume addresses. The first section of the book addresses the fundamentals of cavitation, leading to a more extensive discussion of the fundamentals of cavitation bubble dynamics in section two. A section on single bubble sonoluminescence follows. The two following sections address the new scientific discipline of sonochemistry, and the volume concludes with a section giving detailed descriptions of the applications of sonochemistry. The mixture of tutorial lectures and detailed research articles means that the book can serve as an introduction as well as a comprehensive and detailed review of these two interesting and topical subjects.
Observation Of Brewster Angle Light Scattering From Air Bubbles Rising In Water
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Author : Stefan M. Baumer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Observation Of Brewster Angle Light Scattering From Air Bubbles Rising In Water written by Stefan M. Baumer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Bubbles categories.
Air bubbles rising freely through distilled water were illuminated by laser light with incident polarization of the electric field parallel to the plane of incidence. The radii a of the bubbles investigated were from 50 to 100 micrometers. At Brewster's angle of incidence i sub B = arctan (m) = 36.9, the Fresnel reflection coefficient vanishes, where m is the relative index of refraction for a water-air interface, m= 0.75. Therefore a minimum in scattered intensity should be observed at the Brewster scattering angle Theta sub B = 180 deg - 2i sub B = 106.2 deg. Furthermore interference patterns caused by different classes of rays should change drastically for angles around Brewster scattering angle Theta sub b. Experiments were done to detect these two phenomena by photographing the scattering light. The scattered intensity as a function of angle was inferred by scanning the photographs with a microdensitometer. To confirm the experimental results, they were compared with Mie theory calculation for scattering from spherical bubbles. Features of the scattering pattern due to ray interference could be understood using geometrical optics. The experiment confirmed that the observed features of the scattering pattern near Theta sub B are those predicted of a bubble having a clean surface. Since it has been previously calculated that the scattering pattern would be significantly different near Theta sub B if the surface of the bubble is coated by contamination, it is plausible that such a coating could be characterized optically. It is thought that the acoustics and dynamics of microbubbles in the ocean, or in other environments, may be affected by such coatings. Theses. (JHD).
Masters Theses In The Pure And Applied Sciences
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Author : Wade Shafer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Masters Theses In The Pure And Applied Sciences written by Wade Shafer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 26 (thesis year 1981) a total of 11 ,048 theses titles from 24 Canadian and 21 8 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 26 reports theses submitted in 1981, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Light Scattering Theory For Bubbles In Water Inverse Scattering Coated Bubbles And Statistics
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Author : Philip L. Marston
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Light Scattering Theory For Bubbles In Water Inverse Scattering Coated Bubbles And Statistics written by Philip L. Marston and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with categories.
Light scattering theory was applied to practical problems related to the detection and sizing of bubbles in ocean water. The emphasis of these calculations was on scattering from microbubbles illuminated by a Gaussian beam into angles close to the critical scattering angle (approximately 83 deg). This emphasis is appropriate for applications to an instrument being developed by NORDA. The specific problems include: (a) Computational analysis of the effects of surface films on the optical scattering properties of bubbles in water; (b) Physical optics approximation for the scattering from a coated bubble--explanation of the shift in the coarse structure and polarization effects; (c) Brewster-angle scattering from coated and uncoated bubbles: applications to measurement of film thickness and to the discrimination of bubbles from particles; (d) Detector placement and inversion of scattering data to obtain the bubble size on an event-by-event basis; and (e) Statistical properties of the photodetector voltages and a possible alternative to event-by-event data inversion. The event-by-event inversion procedure for obtaining the size of each bubble is discussed in an Appendix. Keywords: light scattering; mie theory; inverse scattering. (Author).
Oceans 89
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Oceans 89 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Marine resources categories.
Dynamics At The Air Water Interface Revealed By Evanescent Wave Light Scattering
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Dynamics At The Air Water Interface Revealed By Evanescent Wave Light Scattering written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
A new tool to study surface phenomena by evanescent wave light scattering is employed for an investigation of an aqueous surface through the water phase. When the angle of incidence passes the critical angle of total internal reflection, a high and narrow scattering peak is observed. It is discussed as an enhancement of scattering at critical angle illumination. Peak width and height are affected by the interfacial profile and the focusing of the beam. In addition, the propagation of capillary waves was studied at the surface of pure water and in the presence of latex particles and amphiphilic diblock copolymers. The range of the scattering vectors where propagating surface waves were detected is by far wider than standard surface quasi-elastic light scattering (SQELS) and comparable with those of X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS).