Low Angle Radar Land Clutter
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Low Angle Radar Land Clutter
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Author : J. Barrie Billingsley
language : en
Publisher: IET
Release Date : 2002
Low Angle Radar Land Clutter written by J. Barrie Billingsley and has been published by IET this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Technology & Engineering categories.
In this unique book, Billingsley solves the problem of radar land clutter by showing the reader how to design and predict the performance of radars that operate in situations where echoes from the earth's surface interfere with radar target echoes.
Spectral Characteristics Of Low Angle Radar Ground Clutter
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Spectral Characteristics Of Low Angle Radar Ground Clutter written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
The performance of ground-based radars is affected by the spectral characteristics of ground clutter. Most signal processing algorithms designed to enhance detection performance are Doppler-frequency-sensitive, such as the moving target indicator filter, Doppler processor and coherent clutter map. This report gives the results of a comprehensive spectral analysis of low-angle ground clutter, using the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Phase I data and the DREO S-band clutter data. The report presents the spectral analysis of ground clutter for different bands of radar frequency; describes the data used in the spectral analysis, including both the conventional Fourier analysis and a super-resolution spectral analysis technique; gives a brief background on the maximum entropy spectral estimate; and describes the particular procedure designed to bring out the spectral characteristics of ground clutter from short time series.
Low Angle X Band Radar Ground Clutter Spatial Amplitude Statistics
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Author : J. Barrie Billingsley
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Low Angle X Band Radar Ground Clutter Spatial Amplitude Statistics written by J. Barrie Billingsley and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
Temporal Statistics Of Low Angle Ground Clutter
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Author : H. C. Chan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Temporal Statistics Of Low Angle Ground Clutter written by H. C. Chan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
Detailed knowledge of the temporal statistics of ground clutter is essential to determine the detection threshold settings so as to maximize the probability of target detection while maintaining an acceptable probability of false alarm. The performance of existing false alarm control schemes is often limited due to a lack of detailed knowledge of the ground clutter temporal statistics. In this study we analyze experimental data to characterize the temporal statistics of low-angle ground clutter in terms of the clutter's linear amplitude distribution. Effects of radar frequency, polarization, waveform resolution, land covers and wind speed on the statistics are examined. Results show that the Ricean distribution and its limiting case, the Rayleigh distribution, are appropriate models for ground clutter in steady-state wind conditions. This implies that the diffuse clutter components, which give rise to the random properties of ground clutter may be modeled as a complex Gaussian process. We found, however, that at any given time there is a fraction of the resolution cells with clutter data having nonstationary temporal statistics not well modelled by the Ricean or Rayleigh distribution. The frequency of occurrence of nonstationary clutter statistics depends on radar frequency, land cover and wind speed. Forested land cover represents the worst case scenario. Application of the results of this study to determine optimal detection threshold settings is discussed. Radar clutter; Phased array radar; S band; Canada. (edc).
Analyses Of Millimeter Wave Radar Low Angle Ground Clutter Measurements For European Like And Desert Environments
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Author : Ronald Wellman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996-07-01
Analyses Of Millimeter Wave Radar Low Angle Ground Clutter Measurements For European Like And Desert Environments written by Ronald Wellman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-07-01 with categories.
This report describes millimeter wave ground based radar cross section measurements taken to support the SWOE JT&E program over two years. RCS measurements were made on selected ground clutter patches for one month and over another 43-day period at Camp Grayling, MI; and for 47 days at Yuma Proving Ground, AZ. Instruments collected data on meteorological conditions, solar flux, and soil moisture content. A wide range of atmospheric conditions was observed in Grayling over the measurement periods. The conditions in Yuma over the measurement period were relatively stable. In this report, we describe the variations in the ground based measured RCS of different clutter types over time and space for environmental conditions encountered during the three field tests. We have developed and will present an empirical model to describe these variations for the Yuma and Grayling II environments.
Models Of Land Clutter Vs Grazing Angle Spatial Distribution And Temporal Distribution
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Author : Yunhan Dong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Models Of Land Clutter Vs Grazing Angle Spatial Distribution And Temporal Distribution written by Yunhan Dong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Radar categories.
Radar Ground Clutter Measurement And Models Part 2 Spectral Characteristics And Temporal Statistics
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Author : Hing C. Chan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Radar Ground Clutter Measurement And Models Part 2 Spectral Characteristics And Temporal Statistics written by Hing C. Chan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
The performance of ground-based surveillance radars is affected by the spectral characteristics and the temporal statistics of ground clutter. Traditionally, ground clutter problems are treated by employing filtering techniques such as delay-line cancellers. These techniques result in a degraded detection performance of low-velocity targets. With the worsening congestion in air traffic, there is an increased demand for improved performance of low-velocity target detection. To improve the detection performance of ground-based surveillance radars for low-velocity targets, signal processing algorithms which exploit ground-clutter characteristics must be developed. This requires a thorough understanding of ground-clutter behaviour. In this paper, we report the results of the spectral and statistical analyses of low-angle ground clutter, using data of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory Phase I program and S-band coherent ground-clutter data collected by the Radar Division of the Defence research Establishment Ottawa. The results of the spectral analysis show that ground clutter, as observed by a coherent radar with a stationary antenna, comprises three components: (a) a coherent component, (b) a slow-diffuse component and (c) a fast-diffuse component. These components can be described by relatively simple models. The model parameters are functions of radar frequency, waveform resolution, land cover and wind speed.
Multifrequency Measurements Of Radar Ground Clutter At 42 Sites Volume 2 Appendices A Through D
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Multifrequency Measurements Of Radar Ground Clutter At 42 Sites Volume 2 Appendices A Through D written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
This report determines how ground clutter strength varies with RF frequency from VHF to X-Band in ground sited radar. This determination is accomplished by providing extensive empirical results from multifrequency clutter measurements conducted at 42 different sites widely dispersed over the North American continent. These results indicate that the frequency dependence of ground clutter strength depends upon terrain type and can vary, for example, from a strongly decreasing function of frequence in forest to a strongly increasing function of frequency in farmland. Five major terrain categories are defined that encompass this dependence, namely, urban, mountain, forest, farmland and desert. Within each terrain category results are also shown to be dependent upon the relief or roughness of the terrain and upon the depression angle at which the terrain is illuminated. The depression angle dependence is important even for the very low angles and small variations in angle that occur in ground-sited radar. This report presents specific clutter strength results at each of five frequencies (VHF, UHF, L-, S- and X-band) from each of 42 sites at which measurements were conducted. The report then combines results from similar sites to obtain the general dependence of clutter strength versus frequency for each terrain category.
Basic Radar Analysis Second Edition
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Author : Mervin C. Budge
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2020-04-30
Basic Radar Analysis Second Edition written by Mervin C. Budge and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This highly-anticipated second edition of an Artech House classic covers several key radar analysis areas: the radar range equation, detection theory, ambiguity functions, waveforms, antennas, active arrays, receivers and signal processors, CFAR and chaff analysis. Readers will be able to predict the detection performance of a radar system using the radar range equation, its various parameters, matched filter theory, and Swerling target models. The performance of various signal processors, single pulse, pulsed Doppler, LFM, NLFM, and BPSK, are discussed, taking into account factors including MTI processing, integration gain, weighting loss and straddling loss. The details of radar analysis are covered from a mathematical perspective, with in-depth breakdowns of radar performance in the presence of clutter. Readers will be able to determine the nose temperature of a multi-channel receiver as it is used in active arrays. With the addition of three new chapters on moving target detectors, inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) and constant false alarm rate (CFAR) and new MATLAB codes, this expanded second edition will appeal to the novice as well as the experienced practitioner.
Radar Equations For Modern Radar
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Author : David Knox Barton
language : en
Publisher: Artech House
Release Date : 2013
Radar Equations For Modern Radar written by David Knox Barton and has been published by Artech House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Based on the classic Radar Range-Performance Analysis from 1980, this practical volume extends that work to ensure applicability of radar equations to the design and analysis of modern radars. This unique book helps you identify what information on the radar and its environment is needed to predict detection range. Moreover, it provides equations and data to improve the accuracy of range calculations. You find detailed information on propagation effects, methods of range calculation in environments that include clutter, jamming and thermal noise, as well as loss factors that reduce radar performance. This invaluable book is supported with nearly 200 illustrations and over 430 equations.