Lunar Surface Exploration Strategy
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Lunar Surface Exploration Strategy
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Author : Lunar Exploration Science Working Group
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Lunar Surface Exploration Strategy written by Lunar Exploration Science Working Group and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Moon categories.
The Scientific Context For Exploration Of The Moon
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-09-19
The Scientific Context For Exploration Of The Moon written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-19 with Science categories.
Because of the Moon's unique place in the evolution of rocky worlds, it is a prime focus of NASA's space exploration vision. Currently NASA is defining and implementing a series of robotic orbital and landed missions to the Moon as the initial phase of this vision. To realize the benefits of this activity, NASA needs a comprehensive, well-validated, and prioritized set of scientific research objectives. To help establish those objective, NASA asked the NRC to provide guidance on the scientific challenges and opportunities enabled by sustained robotic and human exploration of the Moon during the period 2008-2013+. This interim report, which focuses on science of the Moon, presents a number of scientific themes describing broad scientific goals important for lunar research, discussions of how best to reach these goals, a set of three priority areas that follow from the themes, and recommendations for these priorities and related areas. A final report will follow in the summer of 2007.
Lunar Exploration
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Author : National Science Council. Space Science Board
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Lunar Exploration written by National Science Council. Space Science Board and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Moon categories.
Exploration Of Direct Transfer Opportunities And Loitering Strategies For Lunar Surface Access
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Author : Mackenzie Mangette
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Exploration Of Direct Transfer Opportunities And Loitering Strategies For Lunar Surface Access written by Mackenzie Mangette and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
The dynamical structures that occur due to libration points in cislunar space, including periodic orbits, have important strategic value as potential staging locations for missions to the lunar surface and into deep space. The periodic orbit about libration point L2 in cislunar space that has a 9:2 resonance with the lunar synodic period is proposed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as the staging orbit for an extraterrestrial space station-- the Lunar Gateway. This will serve as a two-way staging point for space vehicles traveling to the lunar surface. This thesis examines low-cost transfer opportunities departing from the Gateway orbit for access to the lunar surface. In this work, the spacecraft will access the lunar surface through observation at a low altitude above the surface. Specifically, these transfers will have two legs in which the spacecraft will perform an impulsive maneuver and coast for some time, deeming these trajectories two-impulse transfers. The first impulse will be applied at the departure point from the Gateway orbit and arrive at an altitude of 200 kilometers above the lunar surface. This thesis investigates two options for the second impulsive maneuver that starts the second leg of the transfers: The first option requires a \textit{direct} transfer, which will deliver a spacecraft to an access point 200 kilometers above the desired surface location. The second impulsive maneuver will be performed for entry into a low lunar orbit (LLO). The second option does not utilize direct transfers; instead, the transfer with the minimum norm of the first impulsive maneuver is chosen from a fixed departure point. This fixes the arrival point above the lunar surface. The second impulsive maneuver is applied for the spacecraft to then undergo \textit{loitering} to reach the access point 200 kilometers above the desired surface location. Loitering trajectories leverage perturbations caused by the non-uniform mass distribution of the Moon to reach the terminal access point above the desired lunar surface location without burning fuel. Transfers beginning from one departure point off the Gateway orbit are all members of one transfer family. Lunar surface locations are represented by longitude and latitude, the two values that distinguish members of a family. Transfer space is the three- or four-dimensional space in which one transfer can be represented as a single point. All points for members in a family lie on a \textit{characteristic surface}. These characteristic surfaces are utilized for (1) evaluating the success of optimization and (2) analyzing the behavior of solutions to different surface regions. Another visualization technique, delta-v maps, clearly present costs to reach points above any lunar surface location.
Lunar Exploration Strategy For Research 1969 1975 Report Of A Study By The Space Science Board
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date :
Lunar Exploration Strategy For Research 1969 1975 Report Of A Study By The Space Science Board written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Moon categories.
Human Exploration Of Mars
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-02-12
Human Exploration Of Mars written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-12 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The NASA Authorization Act of 2005 articulated a new strategy for the nation's space program by specifically stating that “The Administrator shall establish a program to develop a sustained human presence on the Moon, including a robust precursor program, to promote exploration, science, commerce, and United States preeminence in space, and as a stepping-stone to future exploration of Mars and other destinations.” This vision calls for a progressive expansion of human capabilities beyond low-Earth orbit (LEO), seeking to answer profound scientific and philosophical questions while responding to discoveries along the way. In addition, the strategy calls for developing the revolutionary new technologies and capabilities that are required for the future human exploration of the solar system. This strategy represents a bold new step. In January 2004, NASA established the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD) to lead the development of new exploration systems to accomplish the task of implementing the strategy. To determine the best exploration architecture and strategy to implement these many changes, the Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) was conducted in 2005. This study provided the top-level architectural foundation and driving requirements for the lunar transportation systems. In 2006 through mid-2007, NASA conducted the Lunar Architecture Team (LAT) series of studies, which was aimed at further definition of the goals and objectives, activities, and systems necessary for conducting the lunar surface portion of the exploration strategy. Whereas the ESAS focused on the transportation system, the lunar architecture assessments concentrated on the activities conducted on the surface. During execution of the second half of the LAT studies, it was recognized that the lunar definition must be conducted in an environment that considers the most likely follow-on mission, namely the human exploration of Mars. Significant progress was being made in the definition of the lunar architecture and systems, but further refinement and confirmation of how these systems would either be used, or modified, for future exploration capabilities was required. In addition, the Science Mission and Aeronautics Research Mission Directorates were in the process of defining future Mars robotic missions as well as fundamental research activities related to future human exploration missions. Recognizing the need for an updated and unified reference architecture for human exploration of Mars, NASA Headquarters commissioned The Mars Architecture Working Group (MAWG) in January 2007 to develop the Mars Design Reference Architecture 5.0 (DRA 5.0). The MAWG was comprised of agency-wide representatives from the ESMD, Science Mission Directorate (SMD), Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD), and Space Operations Mission Directorate (SOMD). In addition, an Agency Joint Steering Group of senior leadership was established at the beginning of the study to review the primary products that were produced by the MAWG, providing insight, guidance, and, ultimately, concurrence of recommendations made by the team. The strategy and implementation concepts that are described in this report should not be viewed as constituting a formal plan for the human exploration of Mars. Instead, this report provides a vision of one potential approach to human Mars exploration that is based on best estimates of what we know. This approach is used to provide a common framework for future planning of systems concepts, technology development, and operational testing. In addition, it provides a common reference for integration between multiple agency efforts including Mars robotic missions, research conducted on the International Space Station (ISS), as well as future lunar exploration missions and systems.
Exploring The Moon
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Author : David M. Harland
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-04-16
Exploring The Moon written by David M. Harland and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04-16 with Science categories.
In this comprehensive overview of Man’s relationship with his planet’s nearest neighbor, David Harland opens with a review of the robotic probes, namely the Rangers which returned television before crashing into the Moon, the Surveyors which 'soft landed' in order to investigate the nature of the surface, and the Lunar Orbiters which mapped prospective Apollo landing sites. He then outlines the historic landing by Apollo 11 and the final three missions of comprehensive geological investigations. He concludes with a review of the robotic spacecraft that made remote-sensing observations of the Moon. This Commemorative Edition includes a foreword by one of the original astronauts as well as an extra section reviewing the prospect of renewed exploration there. New graphics and images are also included.
Lunar Sourcebook
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Author : Grant Heiken
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1991-04-26
Lunar Sourcebook written by Grant Heiken and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-04-26 with Science categories.
The only work to date to collect data gathered during the American and Soviet missions in an accessible and complete reference of current scientific and technical information about the Moon.
Report Of The 90 Day Study On Human Exploration Of The Moon And Mars
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Author : United States
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Report Of The 90 Day Study On Human Exploration Of The Moon And Mars written by United States and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Outer space categories.
Moon Stories
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Author : John Halajian
language : en
Publisher: Tate Publishing
Release Date : 2007
Moon Stories written by John Halajian and has been published by Tate Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Moon categories.
How does one go about researching an object that seems a world away? Moon Stories: A Road Map to Lunar Exploration and Beyond follows author John Halajians journey through and contribution to the lunar science and space exploration program that landed men on the moon in the 1960s. As a consultant for NASA in lunar science and exploration, Halajian pioneered technologies such as digital imaginghis story is one of hard work and determination for advancements tickling the imaginations of the scientific community. Not only a story of science and technology, Moon Stories is the tale of one man, his passion for knowing the unknown, and mankinds desire to reach beyond the here and now.