Luxury And The Ruling Elite In Socialist Hungary
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Luxury And The Ruling Elite In Socialist Hungary
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Author : György Majtényi
language : en
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Release Date : 2021-11-02
Luxury And The Ruling Elite In Socialist Hungary written by György Majtényi and has been published by Indiana University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-02 with History categories.
After World War II, a new community of elite emerged in Hungary, in spite of the communist principles espoused by the government. In Luxury and the Ruling Elite in Socialist Hungary, György Majtényi allows us a peek inside their affluence. Majtényi exposes the lavish standard of living that the higher echelon enjoyed, complete with pools, Persian rugs, extravagant furniture, servants, and groundskeepers. They shopped in private stores stocked with expensive meats and tropical fruits just for them. They benefited from access to everything from books, telephone lines, and international travel to hunting grounds, soccer games, and even the choicest cemetery plots. But Majtényi also reveals the underbelly of such society, particularly how these privileges were used as a way of maintaining power, initiating or denying entry to party members, and strengthening the very hierarchies that communism promised to abolish. Taking readers on a fascinating and often surprising look inside the manor homes and vacation villas of wealthy post–World War II Hungarians, Majtényi offers fresh insight into the realities of patriarchy, loyalty, gender, and class within the communist regime.
The Workers State
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Author : Mark Pittaway
language : en
Publisher: University of Pittsburgh Press
Release Date : 2012-10-28
The Workers State written by Mark Pittaway and has been published by University of Pittsburgh Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-28 with History categories.
"In 1956, Hungarian workers joined students on the streets to protest years of wage and benefit cuts enacted by the Communist regime. Although quickly suppressed by Soviet forces, the uprising led to changes in party leadership and conciliatory measures that would influence labor politics for the next thirty years. In The Workers' State, Mark Pittaway presents a groundbreaking study of the complexities of the Hungarian working class, its relationship to the Communist Party, and its major political role during the foundational period of socialism (1944-1958). Through case studies of three industrial centers--Újpest, Tatabánya, and Zala County--Pittaway analyzes the dynamics of gender, class, generation, skill level, and rural versus urban location, to reveal the embedded hierarchies within Hungarian labor. He further demonstrates how industries themselves, from oil and mining to armaments and textiles, possessed their own unique labor subcultures. From the outset, the socialist state won favor with many workers, as they had grown weary of the disparity and oppression of class systems under fascism. By the early 1950s, however, a gap between the aspirations of labor and the goals of the state began to widen. In the Stalinist drive toward industrialization, stepped up production measures, shortages of goods and housing, wage and benefit cuts, and suppression became widespread. Many histories of this period have focused on Communist terror tactics and the brutal suppression of a pliant population. In contrast, Pittaway's social chronicle sheds new light on working-class structures and the determination of labor to pursue its own interests and affect change in the face of oppression. It also offers new understandings of the role of labor and the importance of local histories in Eastern Europe under communism."--Project Muse.
Everyday Life Under Communism And After
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Author : Tibor Valuch
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2022-01-18
Everyday Life Under Communism And After written by Tibor Valuch and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-18 with History categories.
By providing a survey of consumption and lifestyle in Hungary during the second half of the twentieth century, this book shows how common people lived during and after tumultuous regime changes. After an introduction covering the late 1930s, the study centers on the communist era, and goes on to describe changes in the post-communist period with its legacy of state socialism. Tibor Valuch poses a series of questions. Who could be called rich or poor and how did they live in the various periods? How did living, furnishings, clothing, income, and consumption mirror the structure of the society and its transformations? How could people accommodate their lifestyles to the political and social system? How specific to the regime was consumption after the communist takeover, and how did consumption habits change after the demise of state socialism? The answers, based on micro-histories, statistical data, population censuses and surveys help to understand the complexities of daily life, not only in Hungary, but also in other communist regimes in east-central Europe, with insights on their antecedents and afterlives.
The Everyday And Private Life Of A Communist Ruling Class
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Author : György Péteri
language : en
Publisher: Harvard Cold War Studies Book Series
Release Date : 2023-12-15
The Everyday And Private Life Of A Communist Ruling Class written by György Péteri and has been published by Harvard Cold War Studies Book Series this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-15 with Communism and society categories.
"An archivally based exploration of the everyday life in Hungary's communist apparatus class after 1956, this book covers consumption, mobility, and leisure. Péteri shows how class power and privilege as well as Western patterns asserted themselves in the everyday of state-socialist society"--
Survival Under Dictatorships
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Author : László Borhi
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2024-03-15
Survival Under Dictatorships written by László Borhi and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-15 with History categories.
A complex array of individual responses to the abuse of power by the state is represented in this book in three horrific episodes in the history of East-Central Europe. The three events followed each other within a span of about ten years: the deportation and murder of Hungarian Jews in Nazi death and labor camps; the Arrow Cross terrorist rule in Budapest; and finally the Stalinist terror in Hungary and East-Central Europe. Through the prism of survival, László Borhi explores the relationship between the individual and power, attempting to understand the mechanism of oppression and terror produced by arbitrary, unbridled power through the experience of normal people. Despite the obvious peculiarities of time and place, the Hungarian cases convey universal lessons about the Holocaust, Nazism, and Stalinism. In the author's conception, the National Socialist and Stalinist experiences are linked on several levels. Both regimes defended their visions of the future against social groups whom they saw as implacable enemies of those visions, and who therefore had to be destroyed for sake of social perfection. Furthermore, the social practices of National Socialism were passed on. And although Stalinism was imposed by a foreign power, some of the survival skills for coping with it were rehearsed under the previous hellish experience.
The Everyday And Private Life Of A Communist Ruling Class
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Author : György Péteri
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2023-11-13
The Everyday And Private Life Of A Communist Ruling Class written by György Péteri and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-13 with History categories.
The Everyday and Private Life of a Communist Ruling Class: Greed and Creed discusses the history of everyday life under state socialism and the ways in which post-1945 modernity reached the shores of Soviet Bloc societies. This book explains state socialism’s failure to deliver on its promise to create a new type of modern civilization, an alternative to capitalism. Placing the practices of the class of salaried functionaries of the party-state in the focus, György Péteri demonstrates the decisive role of this class in bringing Western values and patterns of everyday to the cultures and societies of Eastern Europe. The empirical work presented covers areas like consumption and consumerism, mobility (the advent of mass automobilism) and leisure (hunting and vacationing). Based on the Hungarian experience, the author finds the communist avantgarde of the state-socialist project in the act of giving up the ambition to create a new (socialist) civilization already in the late 1950s, early 1960s. From the 1960s on, state socialism was no longer a rival of capitalism (the ‘highly developed West’) in terms of creating a competitive, alternative modernity in its everyday. Rather, Eastern Europe settles among other regions of the periphery or semi-periphery of capitalist development, reacting to, imitating and, in general, following the patterns of the highly developed capitalist center of the world system with some delay.
Socialist Authority
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Author : Peter A. Toma
language : en
Publisher: Praeger
Release Date : 1988-02-22
Socialist Authority written by Peter A. Toma and has been published by Praeger this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-02-22 with Education categories.
Careful followers of reform movements within Communist bloc countries will profit from this new work by a specialist on Hungarian politics. Twenty years after introduction of the New Economic Mechanism (NEM), both the Hungarian elite and the mass population have had mixed experiences with the process of reform. From the vantage point of the elite, in the 1980s reform has moved beyond the economic realm into the political. Passage of the new Electoral Law of 1983 resulted in the transfer of more power to locally elected governmental bodies and also produced contested elections for legislative seats. Choice Toma addresses the question: What are the factors and variables that permit one socialist system to exercise more economic, political, and social freedom than another? He studies authority in contemporary Hungarian society with an emphasis on communist practices versus ideological absolutes. He tests some generally accepted views of the socialist system in Hungary and shows how the Hungarians have attempted to resolve the question of how to combine socialist economic planning with social justice. Through a series of case studies, he differentiates between the theory and the practice of socialist authority, mainly through an analysis of how Hungarians have learned to circumvent restrictions imposed by the regime.
Alienating Labour
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Author : Eszter Bartha
language : en
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Release Date : 2013-11-01
Alienating Labour written by Eszter Bartha and has been published by Berghahn Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-01 with History categories.
The Communist Party dictatorships in Hungary and East Germany sought to win over the “masses” with promises of providing for ever-increasing levels of consumption. This policy—successful at the outset—in the long-term proved to be detrimental for the regimes because it shifted working class political consciousness to the right while it effectively excluded leftist alternatives from the public sphere. This book argues that this policy can provide the key to understanding of the collapse of the regimes. It examines the case studies of two large factories, Carl Zeiss Jena (East Germany) and Rába in Győr (Hungary), and demonstrates how the study of the formation of the relationship between the workers’ state and the industrial working class can offer illuminating insights into the important issue of the legitimacy (and its eventual loss) of Communist regimes.
Austerities And Aspirations
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Author : Béla Tomka
language : en
Publisher: Central European University Press
Release Date : 2020-09-15
Austerities And Aspirations written by Béla Tomka and has been published by Central European University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-15 with History categories.
This monograph provides an analysis of the economic performance and living standard in Czechoslovakia and its successor states, Hungary, and Poland since 1945. The novelty of the book lies in its broad comparative perspective: it places East Central Europe in a wider European framework that underlines the themes of regional disparities and European commonalities. Going beyond the traditional growth paradigm, the author systematically studies the historical patterns of consumption, leisure, and quality of life—aspects that Tomka argues can best be considered in relation to one other. By adopting this “triple approach,” he undertakes a truly interdisciplinary research drawing from history, economics, sociology, and demography. As a result of Tomka’s three-pillar comparative analysis, the book makes a major contribution to the debates on the dynamics of economic growth in communist and postcommunist East Central Europe, on the socialist consumer culture along with its transformation after 1990, and on how the accounts on East Central Europe can be integrated into the emerging field of historical quality of life research.
Go East
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Author : Balázs Ablonczy
language : en
Publisher: Indiana University Press
Release Date : 2022-01-11
Go East written by Balázs Ablonczy and has been published by Indiana University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-11 with History categories.
For more than two centuries, Hungarians believed they shared an ethnic link with people of Japanese, Bulgarian, Estonian, Finnish, and Turkic descent. Known as "Turanism," this ideology impacts Hungarian politics, science, and cultural and ethnic identity even today. In Go East!: A History of Hungarian Turanism, Balázs Ablonczy examines the rise of Hungarian Turanism and its lasting effect on the country's history. Turanism arose from the collapse of the Kingdom of Hungary, when the nation's intellectuals began to question Hungary's place in the Western world. The influence of this ideology reached its peak during World War I, when Turanian societies funded research, economic missions, and geographical expeditions. Ablonczy traces Turanism from its foundations through its radicalization in the interwar period, its survival in emigrant circles, and its resurgence during the economic crisis of 2008. Turanian notions can be seen today in the rise of the extreme right-wing party Jobbik and in Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orbán's party Fidesz. Go East! provides fresh insight into Turanism's key political and artistic influences in Hungary and illuminates the mark it has left on history.