Machs Erkenntnistheorie Und Der Realismus Classic Reprint
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Machs Erkenntnistheorie Und Der Realismus Classic Reprint
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Author : Karl Gerhards
language : de
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2018-05-02
Machs Erkenntnistheorie Und Der Realismus Classic Reprint written by Karl Gerhards and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-02 with Psychology categories.
Excerpt from Machs Erkenntnistheorie und der Realismus Ziel und Weg einer realistischen Theorie der natur wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis. Seitdem Descartes und Locke statt des Weltproblems das Erkenntnisproblem in den Mittelpunkt der philosophischen Forschung stellten, sehen wir die Philosophen immer wieder he mliht, dieses Erkenntnisprohlem allein vom Subjekt aus zu be zwingen. In subjektive Elemente lösen sie den Erkenntnisinhalt auf, durch subjektive psychische Tätigkeiten lassen sie ihn wieder verknüpft und geordnet werden. Nicht allein die mathematische, auch die Natur und Geschichtserkenntnis suchen sie auf diese Weise zu konstruieren. So weichen die Sachen selber vor ihnen mehr und mehr zurück: Locke findet von seinen "ideen aus den Weg dahin nur noch durch denkmäßige Halbheiten, Descartes und Berkeley wenden sich dazu an die Metaphysik, und Hume, der auf beides verzichtet, bleibt ratlos bei seinen "impressionen und den Gesetzen ihrer Assoziation stehen. Selbst Kant der hinter die Assoziation noch ein "transzendentales, der Psychologie völlig unerreichbares, allen erkennenden Individuen gemeinsames Vermögen der synthetischen Apperzeption stellt, läßt das Ding an sich für die Wissenschaft wenigstens ganz beiseite: die bleibt auch ihm eine freilich "allgemeingültige subjektive Ord nung und Verknün subjektiv er Erscheinungen. Zugleich aber hat K ant durch seine eindringliche Berufung auf den Tat bestand der Wissenschaft den Weg gewissen, der allein die Erkenntnistheorie aus der einseitigen Subjektivität hinaus zuführen vermag. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Kant Studien
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Author : E. Adickes
language : de
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2016-06-23
Kant Studien written by E. Adickes and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-23 with categories.
Excerpt from Kant-Studien: Philosophische Zeitschrift Bemerkungen zum Problem der Existenz mathematischer Gegenstande. Von Fritz Medicus Uber Thomas llchhes systematische Stellung. Von Richard Honigswald Der unausgesprochene l(anon der l(antischen Erkenntnis theorie. Von Hugo spitzer Fichte als Erziehen Von Heinrich scholz lJher logische und ethische Geltung. Von Heinrich Rickert Robert Mayen Von Bernhard Hell Uher den Begriff des Naturgesetzes. Von Bruno Bauch Das schematismuskapitel in der Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Von Ernst Curtius Zu, Alexander von loch. Von Heinrich scholz . Mlsindelhands Einleitung in die Philosophie. Von Hans Pichler Die erkenntnistheoretischen Grundlagen der verschiedenen physikalischen Belativitatstheoriem Von E. Gehrcke Goethe und die spekulative hlaturphilosophie Von G. Siegel Fichte und Reimen Von A. Rava Bericht iiher den ersten l(ongress fur Asthetik und allgemeine l(unstwissenschatt. Von A. Liebert Parallelstellen hei ilume und l(ant. Von Bruno Bauch sie-ansinnen: Liehmann, Otto, Die Klimax der Theorien. Vor-Kinder, Karl, Immanuel Kants Leben. Von Bruno Bauch Von Bruno Bauch . Schleier-machen Ausgewahlte Werke, herausgegeben von Otto Braun. Von Hermann Maas Fasse, Karl, Nikolaus von Kues Von Hermann Maas . Gehen, Jaco1), Zur Kritik des Gkeniebegrikks Von Hermann Maas . Rupp, Julius, Gesammelte Werke. Von Hermann Maus . Barth, II Descartes Begrundung der Erkenntnis. Von W. Bauer . Dessoir, Max, Abriss einer Geschichte der Psychologie. Von H.Freyer About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."
Theories Of Scientific Method
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Author : Robert Nola
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-12-18
Theories Of Scientific Method written by Robert Nola and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-18 with Philosophy categories.
What is it to be scientific? Is there such a thing as scientific method? And if so, how might such methods be justified? Robert Nola and Howard Sankey seek to provide answers to these fundamental questions in their exploration of the major recent theories of scientific method. Although for many scientists their understanding of method is something they just pick up in the course of being trained, Nola and Sankey argue that it is possible to be explicit about what this tacit understanding of method is, rather than leave it as some unfathomable mystery. They robustly defend the idea that there is such a thing as scientific method and show how this might be legitimated. This book begins with the question of what methodology might mean and explores the notions of values, rules and principles, before investigating how methodologists have sought to show that our scientific methods are rational. Part 2 of this book sets out some principles of inductive method and examines its alternatives including abduction, IBE, and hypothetico-deductivism. Part 3 introduces probabilistic modes of reasoning, particularly Bayesianism in its various guises, and shows how it is able to give an account of many of the values and rules of method. Part 4 considers the ideas of philosophers who have proposed distinctive theories of method such as Popper, Lakatos, Kuhn and Feyerabend and Part 5 continues this theme by considering philosophers who have proposed naturalised theories of method such as Quine, Laudan and Rescher. This book offers readers a comprehensive introduction to the idea of scientific method and a wide-ranging discussion of how historians of science, philosophers of science and scientists have grappled with the question over the last fifty years.
Thomas Kuhn S Linguistic Turn And The Legacy Of Logical Empiricism
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Author : Stefano Gattei
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-12-05
Thomas Kuhn S Linguistic Turn And The Legacy Of Logical Empiricism written by Stefano Gattei and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-12-05 with Philosophy categories.
Presenting a critical history of the philosophy of science in the twentieth century, focusing on the transition from logical positivism in its first half to the "new philosophy of science" in its second, Stefano Gattei examines the influence of several key figures, but the main focus of the book are Thomas Kuhn and Karl Popper. Kuhn as the central figure of the new philosophy of science, and Popper as a key philosopher of the time who stands outside both traditions. Gattei makes two important claims about the development of the philosophy of science in the twentieth century; that Kuhn is much closer to positivism than many have supposed, failing to solve the crisis of neopostivism, and that Popper, in responding to the deeper crisis of foundationalism that spans the whole of the Western philosophical tradition, ultimately shows what is untenable in Kuhn's view. Gattei has written a very detailed and fine grained, yet accessible discussion making exceptionally interesting use of archive materials.
Hermann Lotze
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Author : William R. Woodward
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2015-06-09
Hermann Lotze written by William R. Woodward and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-09 with History categories.
As a philosopher, psychologist, and physician, the German thinker Hermann Lotze (1817-81) defies classification. Working in the mid-nineteenth-century era of programmatic realism, he critically reviewed and rearranged theories and concepts in books on pathology, physiology, medical psychology, anthropology, history, aesthetics, metaphysics, logic, and religion. Leading anatomists and physiologists reworked his hypotheses about the central and autonomic nervous systems. Dozens of fin-de-siècle philosophical contemporaries emulated him, yet often without acknowledgment, precisely because he had made conjecture and refutation into a method. In spite of Lotze's status as a pivotal figure in nineteenth-century intellectual thought, no complete treatment of his work exists, and certainly no effort to take account of the feminist secondary literature. Hermann Lotze: An Intellectual Biography is the first full-length historical study of Lotze's intellectual origins, scientific community, institutional context, and worldwide reception.
Hermeneutics And Science
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Author : Márta Fehér
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
Hermeneutics And Science written by Márta Fehér and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Science categories.
Hermeneutics was elaborated as a specific art of understanding in humanities. The discovered paradigmatic, historical characteristics of scientific knowledge, and the role of rhetoric, interpretation and contextuality enabled us to use similar arguments in natural sciences too. In this way a new research field, the hermeneutics of science emerged based upon the works of Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger and Gadamer. A dialogue between philosophers and scientists begins in this volume on hermeneutic approaches to physics, biology, ethology, mathematics and cognitive science. Scientific principles, methodologies, discourse, language, and metaphors are analyzed, as well as the role of the lay public and the legitimation of science. Different hermeneutical-phenomenological approaches to perception, experiments, methods, discovery and justification and the genesis of science are presented. Hermeneutics shed a new light on the incommensurability of paradigms, the possibility of translation and the historical understanding of science.
The Laboratory Of The Mind
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Author : James Robert Brown
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2005-09-26
The Laboratory Of The Mind written by James Robert Brown and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-09-26 with Philosophy categories.
Thought experiments are performed in the laboratory of the mind. Beyond this metaphor it is difficult to say just what these remarkable devices for investigating nature are or how they work. Though most scientists and philosophers would admit their great importance, there has been very little serious study of them. This volume is the first book-length investigation of thought experiments. Starting with Galileo's argument on falling bodies, Brown describes numerous examples of the most influential thought experiments from the history of science. Following this introduction to the subject, some substantial and provocative claims are made, the principle being that some thought experiments should be understood in the same way that platonists understand mathematical activity: as an intellectual grasp of an independently existing abstract realm. With its clarity of style and structure, The Laboratory of the Mind will find readers among all philosophers of science as well as scientists who have puzzled over how thought experiments work.
All Life Is Problem Solving
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Author : Karl Popper
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-04-15
All Life Is Problem Solving written by Karl Popper and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-15 with Philosophy categories.
'Never before has there been so many and such dreadful weapons in so many irresponsible hands.' - Karl Popper, from the Preface All Life is Problem Solving is a stimulating and provocative selection of Popper's writings on his main preoccupations during the last twenty-five years of his life. This collection illuminates Popper's process of working out key formulations in his theory of science, and indicates his view of the state of the world at the end of the Cold War and after the collapse of communism.
The World Of Parmenides
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Author : Karl Popper
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-12-16
The World Of Parmenides written by Karl Popper and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-16 with Philosophy categories.
This unique collection of essays, published together for the first time, not only elucidates the complexity of ancient Greek thought, but also reveals Karl Popper's engagement with Presocratic philosophy and the enlightenment he experienced in his reading of Parmenides. As Karl Popper himself states himself in his introduction, he was inspired to write about Presocratic philosophy for two reasons - firstly to illustrate the thesis that all history is the history of problem situations and secondly, to show the greatness of the early Greek philosophers, who gave Europe its philosophy, its science and its humanism.
Existence As A Real Property
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Author : Francesco Berto
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-10-17
Existence As A Real Property written by Francesco Berto and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-17 with Philosophy categories.
This profound exploration of one of the core notions of philosophy—the concept of existence itself—reviews, then counters (via Meinongian theory), the mainstream philosophical view running from Hume to Frege, Russell, and Quine, summarized thus by Kant: “Existence is not a predicate.” The initial section of the book presents a comprehensive introduction to, and critical evaluation of, this mainstream view. The author moves on to provide the first systematic survey of all the main Meinongian theories of existence, which, by contrast, reckon existence to be a real, full-fledged property of objects that some things possess, and others lack. As an influential addition to the research literature, the third part develops the most up-to-date neo-Meinongian theory called Modal Meinongianism, applies it to specific fields such as the ontology of fictional objects, and discusses its open problems, laying the groundwork for further research. In accordance with the latest trends in analytic ontology, the author prioritizes a meta-ontological viewpoint, adopting a dual definition of meta-ontology as the discourse on the meaning of being, and as the discourse on the tools and methods of ontological enquiry. This allows a balanced assessment of philosophical views on a cost-benefit basis, following multiple criteria for theory evaluation. Compelling and revealing, this new publication is a vital addition to contemporary philosophical ontology.