Managing And Breeding Wheat For Organic Systems
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Managing And Breeding Wheat For Organic Systems
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Author : Muhammad Asif
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-03-19
Managing And Breeding Wheat For Organic Systems written by Muhammad Asif and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-19 with Science categories.
Genetically uniform cultivars in many self-pollinated cereal crops dominate commercial production in high-input environments especially due to their high grain yields and wide geographical adaptation. These cultivars generally perform well under favorable and high-input farming systems but their optimal performance cannot be achieved on marginal/organic lands or without the use of external chemical inputs (fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides). Cereal breeding programs aim at evaluating candidate lines/cultivars for agronomic, disease and quality traits in a weed free environment that makes it impossible to identify traits conferring competitive ability against weeds. Moreover, quantification of competitive ability is a complex phenomenon which is affected by range of growth traits. Above (e.g. light) and below (e.g. water and nutrients) ground resources also influence competitiveness to a greater extent. Competitiveness is quantitatively inherited trait which is heavily influenced by many factors including genotype, management, environment and their interaction. Sound plant breeding techniques and good experimental designs are prerequisites for maximizing genetic gains to breed cultivars for organically managed lands. The brief is focused on breeding wheat for enhanced competitive ability along with other agronomic, genetic and molecular studies that have been undertaken to improve weed suppression, disease resistance and quality in organically managed lands. The examples from other cereals have also been highlighted to compare wheat with other cereal crops.
Managing And Breeding Wheat For Organic Systems
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Author : Muhammad Asif
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014-04-30
Managing And Breeding Wheat For Organic Systems written by Muhammad Asif and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-30 with categories.
Breeding Wheat For Efficient Nitrogen Use In Low Input And Organic Systems In The Pacific Northwest
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Author : Julie C. Dawson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Breeding Wheat For Efficient Nitrogen Use In Low Input And Organic Systems In The Pacific Northwest written by Julie C. Dawson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Crops and nitrogen categories.
Participatory Breeding Of Wheat For Organic Production
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Author : Lisa Kissing Kucek
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Participatory Breeding Of Wheat For Organic Production written by Lisa Kissing Kucek and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Future generations require food systems that sustain functional natural resources and nourish human communities. Scientific researchers, farmers, processors, and consumers are all integral partners in identifying crop genotypes for sustainable food systems. We engaged diverse stakeholders in plant breeding and variety testing for organic wheat. To inform the structure of a breeding program for organic wheat, we assessed genotype by environment interactions and the potential for locally-adapted varieties. After ten regional farmers selected breeding populations on their farms, we evaluated the effectiveness of participatory breeding for traits of interest. In aggregate, this research stresses engagement and diversity in organic wheat breeding. In contrast to the priorities of most conventional wheat breeding programs, clients of the organic breeding program identified distinct priorities, including weed-competitive ability, artisanal baking quality, flavor, and low reactivity for those with wheat sensitivity. Trials distinguished varieties that induce less wheat sensitivity, exhibit high quality artisanal processing and desirable sensory attributes, and perform well under organic management. However, no one genotype performed best for all the farmer priorities, environments, processing applications, and types of wheat sensitivity. Our results confirm that many genotypes are needed to meet the diverse needs and environments of local and organic food systems. Furthermore, decentralized and participatory selection were proven to be effective methods for improving organic wheat genetics. Genotype by environment interactions revealed that decentralized selection in the northeastern and northcentral United States can optimize genetic gains for yield, test weight, weed-competitive ability, and early vigor in organic wheat. Evaluation of a participatory breeding program indicated that organic farmers were effective at selecting improved genotypes for their farms. Lines selected by farmers demonstrated gains in selection for the most important trait to organic wheat farmers: weed-competitive ability. Notably, optimal performance was seen on the actual farms where selections took place. We conclude that maximizing gains in organic wheat breeding requires many selection and testing environments. To reveal the true potential of breeding lines, testing environments must have similar genetic correlation to regional farmers' fields.
Selection Parameters For Organic Wheat Breeding
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Author : Ichinkhorloo Dashbaljir
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2012-06
Selection Parameters For Organic Wheat Breeding written by Ichinkhorloo Dashbaljir and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-06 with categories.
Author Ichinkhorloo did her doctorate degree in Austria at the BOKU Wien in 2001-2004. This book includes her work about selection parameters for organic wheat breeding and research articles. Sustainable agricultural and natural resource management issue is becoming more serious in Mongolia. Currently there is no state policy on organic farming and organic accreditation system. Therefore local small scale organic producers can not export their product. For developing Mongolia it is important to bring up knowledgeable and experienced generation. Therefore we need to transfer knowledge and skill from highly developed countries. Dr. Ichinkhorloo's aim is to do her contribution in Mongolia's sustainable development.
Organic Crop Breeding
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Author : Edith T. Lammerts van Bueren
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-02-28
Organic Crop Breeding written by Edith T. Lammerts van Bueren and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Organic Crop Breeding provides readers with a thorough review of the latest efforts by crop breeders and geneticists to develop improved varieties for organic production. The book opens with chapters looking at breeding efforts that focus on specific valuable traits such as quality, pest and disease resistance as well as the impacts improved breeding efforts can have on organic production. The second part of the book is a series of crop specific case studies that look at breeding efforts currently underway from around the world in crops ranging from carrots to corn. Organic Crop Breeding includes chapters from leading researchers in the field and is carefully edited by two pioneers in the field. Organic Crop Breeding provides valuable insight for crop breeders, geneticist, crop science professionals, researchers, and advanced students in this quickly emerging field.
Managing Energy Nutrients And Pests In Organic Field Crops
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Author : Ralph C. Martin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-02-07
Managing Energy Nutrients And Pests In Organic Field Crops written by Ralph C. Martin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-07 with Nature categories.
The use of organic management practices in field cropping continues to rise globally, and these methods have proven to be a viable way to produce food with reduced resource use and environmental damage. Managing Energy, Nutrients, and Pests in Organic Field Crops challenges the popular misconception that organic systems are weak at managing energy, nutrients, and pests and shows how innovative farm designs can enhance organic performance. It provides information for assessing the current state of knowledge on organic field cropping and for making the systems more viable. Each chapter summarizes the latest data from a wide range of sources, creating a comprehensive and coherent picture of the issues and integrating agronomic, economic, and policy aspects. Many chapters also include recent research from the authors. Section I, Soil Health, examines the importance of phosphorus balance, soil fertility, and tillage reduction. Section II, Pest Management, focuses on integrated weed management and long-term approaches to insect management. Section III, Integrating Approaches, addresses multiple field cropping challenges. Chapters cover the oldest organic rotational trials in Canada, the issue of using cereals bred for conventional systems and more targeted organic cereal breeding strategies, and case studies of a broad spectrum of farming experiences that explore the broader social and ecological landscape. The final section, Economics, Energy, and Policy, examines environmental issues not previously addressed in the text as well as consumer, economic, and rural community matters. It also presents a reprint of an article that describes policies and programs (and their costs) needed to advance adoption of organic farming in Ontario. The text wraps up with key conclusions and a discussion of overarching themes for the book, summarizing the strengths of the available tool box for organic producers and the challenges that remain.
New Wheats For A Secure Sustainable Future
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Author : Timothy G. Reeves
language : en
Publisher: CIMMYT
Release Date : 1999
New Wheats For A Secure Sustainable Future written by Timothy G. Reeves and has been published by CIMMYT this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Sustainable agriculture categories.
Ecological Nutrient Management As A Pathway To Zero Hunger
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Author : Jennifer Blesh
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-01-17
Ecological Nutrient Management As A Pathway To Zero Hunger written by Jennifer Blesh and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-17 with Science categories.
Advances In Agronomy
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Author : Donald L. Sparks
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-01-13
Advances In Agronomy written by Donald L. Sparks and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Advances in Agronomy, Volume 171, the latest release in this leading reference, contains a variety of updates and new advances in the field, including updates on Elevated CO2 in Semi-arid Cropping Systems: A Synthesis of Research from the Australian Grains Free Air CO2 Enrichment (AGFACE) Research Program, Simultaneous Effects of Legume Cultivation on Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation in Soil, Growing Small Grains Organically in the Semiarid West: A Review of Markets and Management Practices to Optimize Productivity and Sustainability, Principles and Applications of Topography in Precision Agriculture, Retention of Heavy Metals by Dredged Sediments and their Management Following Land Application, and more. Other chapters focus on Genetic Diversity for Developing Climate-resilient Wheats to Achieve Food Security Goals and A Century of Subclover: Lessons for Sustainable Intensification from a Historical Review of Innovations in Subterranean Clover Seed Production. Includes numerous, timely, state-of-the-art reviews on the latest advancements in agronomy Features distinguished, well recognized authors from around the world Builds upon this venerable and iconic review series Covers the extensive variety and breadth of subject matter in the crop and soil sciences