Managing Soils In An Urban Environment
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Managing Soils In An Urban Environment
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Author : Randall Barber Brown
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Managing Soils In An Urban Environment written by Randall Barber Brown and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Soil science, with its roots in both the plant sciences and geology, first carne into being as a recognizable discipline in response to questions conceming plant growth. The chemical and physical characteristics of the soil as well as landscape processes that controlled those characteristics were of great interest to agronomists, horticulturists, geographers, geomorphologists, and geologists, some of whom drifted into one another's orbit and - over the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries-brought their experiences and talents together to form the nucleus of soil science. In those early years, a perception developed that soil science was simply an agricultural and edaphological science, which indeed it was in large measure. However pervasive and stubbom that perception was, there has been from the beginning a segment of the community of soil scientists that has maintained an interest in soil science "writ large." These soil scientists, while continuing to interact with agronomists, horticulturists, and foresters, have maintained communications, collaborations, and linkages with such disciplines as geology, geomorphology, geography, land use planning, and engineering. In the second half of the twentieth century, soil science has expanded its contacts with these nonagricultural disciplines, and now finds itself addressing a much wider range of problems, questions, and issues than it did in the first half of the century. In response to a growing demand for information, nonagriculturalland uses increasingly have been the focus of soil studies and of the development of soil interpretations and other decision tools for land users.
Soils Within Cities
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Author : Maxine J. Levin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-01-18
Soils Within Cities written by Maxine J. Levin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-18 with categories.
Understanding Soils In Urban Environments
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Author : Pam Hazelton
language : en
Publisher: CSIRO PUBLISHING
Release Date : 2021-11-01
Understanding Soils In Urban Environments written by Pam Hazelton and has been published by CSIRO PUBLISHING this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.
With an ever-increasing proportion of the world’s population living in cities, soil properties such as salinity, acidity, water retention, erosion and pollution are becoming more significant in urban areas. While these are known issues for agriculture and forestry, as urban development increases, it is essential to recognise the potential of soil properties to create problems for the environment as well as structural concerns for buildings and other engineering works. Understanding Soils in Urban Environments explains how urban soils develop, change and erode. It describes their physical and chemical properties with a focus on specific soil problems that cause environmental damage, such as acid sulfate soils, and also affect the integrity of engineering structural works. This fully revised second edition addresses contemporary issues, including an increase in the use of green roofs and urban green space as well as manufactured soils in a variety of urban environments. Understanding Soils in Urban Environments provides a concise introduction to all aspects of soils in urban environments and will be extremely useful to students in a wide range of disciplines, from soil science and urban forestry and horticulture, to planning, engineering, construction and land remediation, as well as to engineers, builders, landscape architects, ecologists, planners and developers.
Soils In The Urban Environment
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Author : Peter Bullock
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-05-13
Soils In The Urban Environment written by Peter Bullock and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Urban areas contain a wide variety of open spaces, yet much of this has evolved under the pressures of human population with minimal management. The last 40 years have seen problems of varying severity begin to appear, including contamination, erosion, acidification and compaction. These problems have brought attention to the importance of the soil cover, the need for better understanding it, and the need for its protection. This book is a review of state-of-the-art science for soil in urban areas. Based on a meeting organized by the Nature Conservancy Council and the British Society of Soil Science, the nine chapters cover soil classification, contamination by waste and metals, physical and biological properties, nutrient provision and cycling, vegetation, and soil storage. The book provides a basis from which to plan future research and development programs.
Soil In The City
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Author : Petra Blümlein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Soil In The City written by Petra Blümlein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Soils In Urban Ecosystem
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Author : Amitava Rakshit
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-04-13
Soils In Urban Ecosystem written by Amitava Rakshit and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is a compilation of latest work in the field of urban soil management. It explores the global status of urban soils and puts forwards methods for sustainable utilization of urban soils and green spaces.Urban soil study is a new frontier of soil science. Urban soils research is challenging due to complexity of classification, spatial-temporal variability, exposure to pollution and the predominant effect of the anthropogenic factor on soil formation. Management of urban soils and green spaces is an important aspect for developing sustainable spaces. This is a comprehensive collection of information for the students, researchers, landscape architects understanding and maximizing the benefits of soils in urban ecosystems.
Recarbonizing Global Soils A Technical Manual Of Recommended Management Practices
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2021-09-08
Recarbonizing Global Soils A Technical Manual Of Recommended Management Practices written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
During the last decades, soil organic carbon (SOC) attracted the attention of a much wider array of specialists beyond agriculture and soil science, as it was proven to be one of the most crucial components of the earth’s climate system, which has a great potential to be managed by humans. Soils as a carbon pool are one of the key factors in several Sustainable Development Goals, in particular Goal 15, “Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss” with the SOC stock being explicitly cited in Indicator 15.3.1. This technical manual is the first attempt to gather, in a standardized format, the existing data on the impacts of the main soil management practices on SOC content in a wide array of environments, including the advantages, drawbacks and constraints. This manual presents different sustainable soil management (SSM) practices at different scales and in different contexts, supported by case studies that have been shown with quantitative data to have a positive effect on SOC stocks and successful experiences of SOC sequestration in practical field applications. Volume 5 includes 24 practices that have a direct impact on SOC sequestration and maintenance in forestry, wetlands and urban soils.
Urban Soils
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Author : Rattan Lal
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-10-18
Urban Soils written by Rattan Lal and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Globally, 30% of the world population lived in urban areas in 1950, 54% in 2016 and 66% projected by 2050. The most urbanized regions include North America, Latin America, and Europe. Urban encroachment depletes soil carbon and the aboveground biomass carbon pools, enhancing the flux of carbon from soil and vegetation into the atmosphere. Thus, urbanization has exacerbated ecological and environmental problems. Urban soils are composed of geological material that has been drastically disturbed by anthropogenic activities and compromised their role in the production of food, aesthetics of residential areas, and pollutant dynamics. Properties of urban soils are normally not favorable to plant growth—the soils are contaminated by heavy metals and are compacted and sealed. Therefore, the quality of urban soils must be restored to make use of this valuable resource for delivery of essential ecosystem services (e.g., food, water and air quality, carbon sequestration, temperature moderation, biodiversity). Part of the Advances in Soil Sciences Series, Urban Soils explains properties of urban soils; assesses the effects of urbanization on the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, and water and the impacts of management of urban soils, soil restoration, urban agriculture, and food security; evaluates ecosystem services provisioned by urban soils, and describes synthetic and artificial soils.
Managing Soils For Environmental Science And Public Health Applications
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Author : John F. Obrycki
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Managing Soils For Environmental Science And Public Health Applications written by John F. Obrycki and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Management of soil hazards in urban areas requires strategies that are scientifically effective and accepted by both the general public and public health regulators. Soil management options must consider all three of these components during evaluation. The concept of managing soil hazards to reduce contaminant exposure must be expanded to include considerations of soil function and soil health following remediation. Bioavailability assessments must be included with soil hazard assessments to improve hazard characterization. Soil hazard and soil health indicators can be combined in a comprehensive index, though the relative importance of each factor within the index will be site specific. Several recent studies have quantified contaminants in soil, such as lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in many urban areas. When these findings are coupled with slow regulatory movement on potential management strategies, the public's perceived risk for potential exposure may increase. Such scenarios across the United States may reduce public support for widespread contaminant cleanup. Innovative interdisciplinary research initiatives are needed to: (1) evaluate potential contaminants and factors that contribute to healthy, functioning soil, (2) facilitate public and regulatory acceptance of potential soil hazards and treatments, and (3) communicate the public health implications of viable cleanup activities. These studies are particularly needed in vulnerable urban areas that demonstrate variable soil contaminant concentrations over small geographic spaces. Characterizing and addressing these soil contaminants will contribute to and benefit our society from public health, social, environmental, and economic perspectives. Soil contaminants and their impacts can be evaluated within the context of other exposures and individual characteristics, such as proposed in the developing field of exposome public health research. The results from this dissertation suggest seven findings and future areas of research. First, soil in vitro lead (Pb) methods must be standardized to develop validated methods to assess phosphorus (P) treated Pb soils. Second, low rate P treatments might not be effective on calcareous Pb contaminated soils. This finding may limit the applicability of P treatments in some urban areas. Third, the public and regulators are willing to consider bioavailability assessments for soil management options. However, the public is less supportive of surface soil capping as a management option. Fourth, public and regulators agree dredged sediments may be beneficially reused, but regulators must more effectively communicate about the entire sediment management process to increase the types of reuses possible. Fifth, the communication efforts for soil management and sediment reuse must be conducted by publicly trusted sources. Sixth, incorporating soil blend materials directly into urban soils can reduce soil contamination and maintain or increase soil health indicators. Soils in urban areas should be managed with both goals in mind. Seventh, Pb contamination can occur throughout urban and rural areas in Ohio, and addressing soil Pb should be coupled with broader environmental Pb remediation efforts within these housing units.
Urbanization Challenge And Opportunity For Soil Functions And Ecosystem Services
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Author : Viacheslav Vasenev
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-31
Urbanization Challenge And Opportunity For Soil Functions And Ecosystem Services written by Viacheslav Vasenev and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-31 with Nature categories.
This proceedings volume focuses on different aspects of environmental assessment, monitoring, and management of urban and technogenic soils. Soils of Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas (SUITMAs) differ substantially from their natural zonal counterparts in their physical, chemical and biological features, their performed functions, and supported services. This book discusses the monitoring, analysis and assessment of the effects of urbanization on soil functions and services. Further, it helps to find solutions to the environmental consequences of urbanization and discusses best management practices such as management and design of urban green infrastructure, waste management, water purification, and reclamation and remediation of contaminated soils in the context of sustainable urban development. The book includes thematic sections corresponding to 14 sessions of the SUITMA 9 congress, covering broad topics that highlight the importance of urban soils for society and environment and summarizing the lessons learned and existing methodologies in analyses, assessments, and modeling of anthropogenic effects on soils and the related ecological risks. This proceedings book appeals to scientists and students as well as practitioners in soil and environmental science, urban planning, geography and related disciplines, and provides useful information for policy makers and other stakeholders working in urban management and greenery.