March S Tropicaux Et M Diterran Ens
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France In Black Africa
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Author : Francis Terry McNamara
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
France In Black Africa written by Francis Terry McNamara and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Africa, French-speaking Equatorial categories.
When, in 1960, France granted independence to its colonies in West and Central Africa-an empire covering an area the size of the contiguous United States-the French still intended to retain influence in Africa. Through a system of accords with these newly independent African nations, based upon ties naturally formed over the colonial years, France has succeeded for three decades in preserving its position in African affairs. The course of Franco-African relations in the near future, though, is less than certain. In this book, Ambassador Francis Terry McNamara outlines France's acquisition and administration of its Black African empire and traces the former colonies' paths to independence. Drawing upon that background, the ambassador examines the structure of post-independence Franco-African relations and recent strains on those relations, especially African economic crises and the French tendency to focus on Europe. Because of those strains, he suggests, France alone may be unable to support its former dependencies much longer. He believes that long-term solutions to African problems will have to involve international organizations like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund as well as other nations such as the United States and France's European partners. -- From Foreword.
Historical Archaeologies Of Transhumance Across Europe
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Author : Eugene Costello
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-03-05
Historical Archaeologies Of Transhumance Across Europe written by Eugene Costello and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-05 with Social Science categories.
Transhumance is a form of pastoralism that has been practised around the world since animals were first domesticated. Such seasonal movements have formed an important aspect of many European farming systems for several thousand years, although they have declined markedly since the nineteenth century. Ethnographers and geographers have long been involved in recording transhumant practices, and in the last two decades archaeologists have started to add a new material dimension to the subject. This volume brings together recent advances in the study of European transhumance during historical times, from Sweden to Spain, Romania to Ireland, and beyond that even Newfoundland. While the focus is on the archaeology of seasonal sites used by shepherds and cowherds, the contributions exhibit a high degree of interdisciplinarity. Documentary, cartographic, ethnographic and palaeoecological evidence all play a part in the examination of seasonal movement and settlement in medieval and post-medieval landscapes. Notwithstanding the obvious diversity across Europe in terms of livestock, distances travelled and socio-economic context, an extended introduction to the volume shows that cross-cutting themes are now emerging, including mobility, gendered herding, collective land-use, the agency of non-elite people and competition for grazing and markets. The book will appeal not only to archaeologists, but to historians, geographers, ethnographers, palaeoecologists and anyone interested in rural lifeways across Europe.
Planning Without Facts
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Author : Wolfgang F. Stolper
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Planning Without Facts written by Wolfgang F. Stolper and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Economic policy categories.
The Sugar Cane Industry
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Author : J. H. Galloway
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2005-11-10
The Sugar Cane Industry written by J. H. Galloway and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-11-10 with Business & Economics categories.
This book is a geography of the sugar cane industry from its origins to 1914. It describes its spread from India into the Mediterranean during medieval times, to the Americas and its subsequent diffusion to most parts of the tropics. It examines the changes in agricultural and manufacturing techniques over the centuries, and its impact in forming the multicultural societies of the tropical world.
Handbook For Forecasters In The Mediterranean
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Author : Elmar R. Reiter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Handbook For Forecasters In The Mediterranean written by Elmar R. Reiter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Mediterranean Region categories.
The Metabolism Of Islands
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Author : Simron Singh
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2021-08-04
The Metabolism Of Islands written by Simron Singh and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-04 with Nature categories.
This book makes the case for why we should care about islands and their sustainability. Islands are hotspots of biocultural diversity and home to 600 million people that depend on one-sixth of the earth’s total area, including the surrounding oceans, for their subsistence. Today, they are at the frontlines of climate change and face an existential crisis. Islands are, however, potential “hubs of innovation” that are uniquely positioned to be leaders in sustainability and climate action. This volume argues that a full-fledged program on “island industrial ecology” is urgently needed, with the aim of offering policy-relevant insights and strategies to sustain small islands in an era of global environmental change. The nine contributions in this volume cover a wide range of applications of socio-metabolic research, from flow accounts to stock analysis and their relationship to services in space and time. They offer insights into how reconfiguring patterns of resource use will allow island governments to build resilience and adapt to the challenges of climate change.
Operational Oceanography
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Author : N.C. Flemming
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2002-06-05
Operational Oceanography written by N.C. Flemming and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-06-05 with Science categories.
The Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is an international programme for a permanent global framework of observations, modelling and analysis of ocean variables that are needed to support operational services around the world. The EuroGOOS strategy has two streams: the first is to improve the quality of marine information in European home waters, and the second is to collaborate with similar organisations in other continents to create a new global ocean observing and modelling system that will provide the open ocean forecasts needed to achieve the best possible performance by local marine information services everywhere. EuroGOOS held its second international conference in The Hague in 1999. Here, the operational services already in place in the EuroGOOS regions were presented and evaluated. In addition, a "Forward Look" was presented, with targets for the next 5-10 years. The proceedings of the first EuroGOOS conference were published by Elsevier in the /locate/inca/600827EOS Series No. 62 Editors: Stel et al, ISBN 0-444-82892-3.
Restoration Ecology
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Author : Jelte van Andel
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-04-12
Restoration Ecology written by Jelte van Andel and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-12 with Science categories.
Enlarged, enhanced and internationalized edition of the first restoration ecology textbook to be published, with foreword by Dr. Steven Whisnant of Texas A&M University and Chair of the Society of Ecological Restoration. Since 2006, when the first edition of this book appeared, major advances have taken place in restoration science and in the practice of ecological restoration. Both are now accepted as key components of the increasingly urgent search for sustainability at global, national, and community levels – hence the phrase 'New Frontier' in the title. While the first edition focused on ecosystems and landscapes in Europe, this new edition covers biomes and contexts all over the world. Several new chapters deal with broad issues such as biological invasions, climate change, and agricultural land abandonment as they relate to restoration science and ecological restoration. Case studies are included from Australia, North America, and the tropics. This is an accessible textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate level students, and early career scientists. The book also provides a solid scientific background for managers, volunteers, and mid-career professionals involved in the practice of ecological restoration. Review of the first edition: "I suspect that this volume will find its way onto the shelves of many restoration researchers and practitioners and will be used as a key text in graduate courses, where it will help fill a large void. My own copy is already heavily bookmarked, and will be a constant source of research ideas and lecture material." (Environmental Conservation) Companion Website: A companion website with downloadable figures is available at www.wiley.com/go/vanandel/restorationecology
Waiting For The End Of The World
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Author : Christopher M. Gerrard
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-09-07
Waiting For The End Of The World written by Christopher M. Gerrard and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-07 with History categories.
Waiting for the End of the World? addresses the archaeological, architectural, historical and geological evidence for natural disasters in the Middle Ages between the 11th and 16th centuries. This volume adopts a fresh interdisciplinary approach to explore the many ways in which environmental hazards affected European populations and, in turn, how medieval communities coped and responded to short- and long-term consequences. Three sections, which focus on geotectonic hazards (Part I), severe storms and hydrological hazards (Part II) and biophysical hazards (Part III), draw together 18 papers of the latest research while additional detail is provided in a catalogue of the 20 most significant disasters to have affected Europe during the period. These include earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, storms, floods and outbreaks of infectious diseases. Spanning Europe, from the British Isles to Italy and from the Canary Islands to Cyprus, these contributions will be of interest to earth scientists, geographers, historians, sociologists, anthropologists and climatologists, but are also relevant to students and non-specialist readers interested in medieval archaeology and history, as well as those studying human geography and disaster studies. Despite a different set of beliefs relating to the natural world and protection against environmental hazards, the evidence suggests that medieval communities frequently adopted a surprisingly ‘modern’, well-informed and practically minded outlook.
Ecological Climatology
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Author : Gordon B. Bonan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-09-18
Ecological Climatology written by Gordon B. Bonan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-18 with Science categories.
This book introduces an interdisciplinary framework to understand the interaction between terrestrial ecosystems and climate change. It reviews basic meteorological, hydrological and ecological concepts to examine the physical, chemical and biological processes by which terrestrial ecosystems affect and are affected by climate. The textbook is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students studying ecology, environmental science, atmospheric science and geography. The central argument is that terrestrial ecosystems become important determinants of climate through their cycling of energy, water, chemical elements and trace gases. This coupling between climate and vegetation is explored at spatial scales from plant cells to global vegetation geography and at timescales of near instantaneous to millennia. The text also considers how human alterations to land become important for climate change. This restructured edition, with updated science and references, chapter summaries and review questions, and over 400 illustrations, including many in colour, serves as an essential student guide.