Marks Czy Maryja
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Marks Czy Maryja
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Author : Damien Thiriet
language : pl
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Marks Czy Maryja written by Damien Thiriet and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Church and state categories.
Tadeusz R Ewicz And Modern Identity In Poland Since The Second World War
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Author : Wojciech Browarny
language : en
Publisher: Projekt Nauka. Fundacja na rzecz promocji nauki polskiej
Release Date : 2019-04-10
Tadeusz R Ewicz And Modern Identity In Poland Since The Second World War written by Wojciech Browarny and has been published by Projekt Nauka. Fundacja na rzecz promocji nauki polskiej this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-10 with categories.
As Andrzej Mencwel observed, “as a result of fundamental historical changes” the need arises for “restructuring of the whole present memory and tradition system” (Rodzinna Europa po raz pierwszy). Changes of such significance took place in Poland during the Second World War and several following decades. Collective experience of that time was made up of – apart from political antagonisms – social and cultural phenomena such as change of elites, reinterpretation of their grand narratives (or symbolic world), the ultimate inclusion of the masses into the national project based on the post-gentry tradition and national history, the intensive development of urban lifestyle and the expansion of popular culture, industrialization and the process of forming a single-nationality state that diverted from the politics of domination over eastern neighbors and, instead, focused on developing the so-called Polish Western and Northern Lands. Tadeusz Różewicz’s work referred to these experiences on both the intellectual and biographical level. Comparing Juliusz Mieroszewski’s political journalism with Tadeusz Różewicz’s works, Andrzej Mencwel stressed its unique relationship of the author of Niepokój. According to him, both writers were writing as though “they had truly experienced the end of the world” (Przedwiośnie czy potop. Studium postaw polskich w XX wieku). In the afterword to the German anthology of Różewicz’s works, Karl Dedecius mentioned “Stunde Null” (“hour zero”) as the founding experience of his writing. It was this experience that induced him to undertake the challenge of attempting a new collective and national as well as individual self-identification, searching for a radically new way of thinking and writing about man, and verifying the essential components of his identity. Andrzej Walicki called this urge “the catastrophism after a catastrophe”, explaining that “once the catastrophe took place, a ca- tastrophist acknowledging its inevitability must think about ‘a new beginning’, about determining his own place in a new world” (Zniewolony umysł po latach). Hanna Gosk specifies that “it gave rise to situations when the necessity of discovering one’s place in new geographical, social, axiological and world-view-related environment urged self-identification” (Bohater swoich czasów. Postać literacka w powojennej prozie polskiej o tematyce współczesnej). It must be stressed that the need for re-establishing the sense of identity, resulting from a major crisis, was by no means limited to the postwar artistic and political elites. On the contrary, due to social changes and democratization of the access to national culture, it concerned more than ever in the past the “everyman” who did not belong to one class solely: the intelligentsia, bourgeoisie, peasantry, or proletariat but, most often, represented multiple social rooting. Tadeusz Różewicz, alongside with writers such as Tadeusz Borowski, Marek Hłasko or Miron Białoszewski, made the “Polish everyman” (Tadeusz Drewnowski) the central figure of his work. This study discusses the modern identity of an individual in Poland in two variants: a cultured man with traditions and an ordinary, transitional, temporal, or “new”, man. By adopting the narrativist approach, identity can be described through its articulations in culture, for example in literary texts. Analyzing methods of modern identification and self-awareness throughout this book, I try to prove that prose works of the author of Śmierć w starych dekoracjach present an extensive, interesting and diverse material in the matter. When necessary, I refer also to his dramatic works and poetry, especially to some longer poems published after 1989. The author’s most important prose works have so far been written in the first 30-year period starting from his debut volume of partisan novellas, notes and humorous sketches Echa leśne mimeographed in 1944. While focusing on this period, I also analyze later works published in collections Nasz starszy brat and Matka odchodzi published in the last decade of the 20th century, although written at an earlier date. Różewicz’s prose works analyzed here were published predominantly in the threevolume edition of Utwory zebrane in 2003/2004, in the reportage collection entitled Kartki z Węgier (1953) as well as in the collection of newspapers features, letters and notes – written in the 60s. and 70s. in most cases – entitled Margines, ale… (2010). I also make use of the earlier editions of his works, containing prose works not included in Utwory zebrane, for example, from the volume Opadły liście z drzew, as well as of some narratives published in journals and anthologies. Conversations with the writer published in Wbrew sobie. Rozmowy z Tadeuszem Różewiczem (2011) and his letters to Jerzy and Zofia Nowosielscy included in Korespondencja comprise an auxiliary material. What specifically draws my attention in Tadeusz Różewicz’s prose? I read his works in the context of identity narratives manifest in culture and historical-biographical stories. The questions then arise about their formative influence on an individual: what within them presents a reference for the “self ” seeking identification? When and how does individual experience take on an intersubjective meaning? Under what circumstances is it expressed in the public sphere? Have new identification patterns emerged in the Polish modernity, and if so, then what fields and phenomena of the 20th century culture or history have taken on such model significance? How and where were boundaries drawn be tween what is individual in an identity of a person speaking and thinking in Polish on the one hand, and, on the other, what is collective? What has been considered native in this identity, and what alien – for example Western, bourgeois, communist, German, Jewish, non-normative in terms of religion or sexuality – and in what way has cultural “otherness” been constructed at that time? Trying to answer these questions, I refer to categories of cultural anthropology such as symbolic universe, collective memory, autobiographical identity, body and space in culture, as well as to notions from the social sciences – interpersonal relationship, public discourse and communicative community. To put it simply, using these categories I try to describe the most important narrative forms and topics of Różewicz’s prose that allow the writer to address and express in a literary form identity problems faced by an individual and the community. I also attempt to analyze the very proces through which Różewicz develops his own unique identity narratives as well as the evolution of narrative conventions of his literary work. Reading Różewicz’s works in this manner and organizing chapters of this book from the ones presenting public identity (displayed publicly and codified in ideology or aesthetic) to the ones presenting private identity, I put an especial emphasis on some issues related to cultural studies and social communication. According to the reconstruction model, I assume that even private experiences shape one’s identity through culture and language. In Różewicz’s narratives I describe and compare both more collective and more individual premises for constructing identity. The criterion for differentiating between these premises is determined by the narrativist approach adopted in this book. An individual’s identity (even autobiographical one) is created and expressed within the existing culture and public sphere, and for this reason I am interested in history of ideas, in social relationships, symbols and role models, changes of customs and everyday life which left a distinct impression on literary, political or historical narratives. Reading these narratives, I make use of the following authors: Jan Assmann, Jean Baudrillard, Zygmunt Bauman, Ernst Cassirer, Michel Foucault, Marc Fumaroli, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Jerzy Jedlicki, Anthony Giddens, Izabela Kowalczyk, Philippe Lejeune, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Stanisław Ossowski, Ewa Rewers, Paul Ricoeur, Richard Rorty, Elżbieta Rybicka, Richard Shusterman, Georg Simmel, Jerzy Szacki, Magdalena Środa, Charles Taylor, Nikodem Bończa Tomaszewski, Christian Vandendorpe, Anna Wieczorkiewicz. I rely on their reconstruction of social-historical background of modern identity presented by these authors as well as on language used by them. The book structure results from the overlapping, or even conflict, of two research objectives. My task is to analyze the most important premises and forms of identity in Różewicz’s prose, and I describe them in separate chapters as problems of culture, literature and history of ideas as well as models and social projects. It is my wish that all these perspectives make up a coherent identity narrative of man of the second half of the 20th century – a “biographical” case study. The study covers the process of political empowerment of an individual; his/her participation in democratized mass culture; his/her attitude towards collective memory, towards Polish and European cultural community; experiencing of body, sexuality and everyday existence; emotional and social relationship with space; and, finally, an autobiographical identity which I reconstruct as a transitional and provisional “whole”. One of the most significant issues covered in the book is the western orientation of Polish collective identity in the 20th century, related to the modernization of Central Europe and the postwar division of the continent by the Iron Curtain, which created in Poland a phantom idea of the West, as well as to the shifted borders of the Polish state to the territories by the Odra river and the Baltic Sea, to polonization of former German lands, and, finally, to historical and political discourse legitimizing this transfer of territories. Tadeusz Różewicz as a travelling writer and journalist has relentlessly problematized the relationship between Europe and its Polish idea; as a resident in Gliwice and Wrocław, not only has he described – since the trip down the Odra river on a fishing boat from Koźle to Szczecin in 1947 – symbolic colonization of the post- German Nadodrze, but also artistically diagnosed the birth of the new individual and social identity of the inhabitants of this border area, with its clashing narratives of history, biography and national literature alongside the overlapping traces of different cultures and traditions. Writing about Różewicz’s man in this book, I clearly do not mean the writer himself. It is obvious that among many convictions and attitudes that the author of Sobowtór manifests, there are some of which he is fond, and there are others of which he is not. I do not disregard his views voiced in non-fiction narratives and public speeches, yet I am mostly interested in experience, world view and self-comprehension of his literary persona and literary hero presented or partially derived from an idea of man and of community in his texts. Analyzing Różewicz’s works, I therefore distinguish between his self-evident journalistic approach and his humanistic reflection which is a result of a philosophical or literary presentation of identity problems an individual faces. I read his prose as an element of a public discourse and at the same time as an indirect – formulated in fictional, intimate or notebook narratives – criticism of social reality and European culture in the 20th century. In most cases, I leave open questions such as whether or not Różewicz was or is committed to a specific political project; whether or not he is a modern man in different meanings of this notion; whether or not his personal identity coincides with identity narratives in his books. Finding an answer to these questions is not a purpose of this book. It is, distinctively, the problem of Tadeusz Różewicz’s intellectual commitment to modern culture, literature and history and a problem of the writer’s role in creative and critical understanding of them that I find more interesting and important.
The Leader Cult In Communist Dictatorships
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Author : B. Apor
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2004-10-09
The Leader Cult In Communist Dictatorships written by B. Apor and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-10-09 with History categories.
The first book to analyze the distinct leader cults that flourished in the era of 'High Stalinism' as an integral part of the system of dictatorial rule in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Fifteen studies explore the way in which these cults were established, their function and operation, their dissemination and reception, the place of the cults in art and literature, the exportation of the Stalin cult and its implantment in the communist states of Eastern Europe, and the impact which de-Stalinisation had on these cults.
Polish Jews In Israel
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Author : Elżbieta Kossewska
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-04-19
Polish Jews In Israel written by Elżbieta Kossewska and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-19 with Religion categories.
Polish Jews in Israel: Polish-Language Press, Culture, and Politics is an in-depth study of the cultural and intellectual achievements of Polish Jews in Israel, with particular emphasis on the Polish-language press.
Poland In The Modern World
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Author : Brian Porter-Szücs
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-03-17
Poland In The Modern World written by Brian Porter-Szücs and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-17 with History categories.
Poland in the Modern World presents a history of the country from the late nineteenth century to the present, incorporating new perspectives from social and cultural history and positioning it in a broad global context Challenges traditional accounts Poland that tend to focus on national, political history, emphasizing the country's 'exceptionalism'. Presents a lively, multi-dimensional story, balancing coverage of high politics with discussion of social, cultural and economic changes, and their effects on individuals’ daily lives. Explores both the regional diversity within Poland and the country’s place within Europe and the wider world. Provides a new interpretive framework for understanding key historical events in Poland’s modern history, including the experiences of World War II and the postwar communist era.
Journal Of Modern European History
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Journal Of Modern European History written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Europe categories.
Polen Und Russland Im Streit Um Die Ukraine
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Author : Martin Aust
language : de
Publisher: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
Release Date : 2009
Polen Und Russland Im Streit Um Die Ukraine written by Martin Aust and has been published by Otto Harrassowitz Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Europe, Eastern categories.
Seit nunmehr siebzig Jahren beziehen sich Historienfilme, Historienromane und Gedenktage in Polen, der Ukraine und Russland auf Kriege des 17. Jahrhunderts. Worin liegt im 20. Jahrhundert wie auch in der Gegenwart die Aktualität der Kriege des 17. Jahrhunderts? Scheinbar hat in der jüngeren Vergangenheit vor allem die Frage, ob die Ukraine kulturell oder gar politisch entweder zu Polen oder zu Russland gehöre oder eine vollkommen eigenständige Existenz führe, den Erinnerungen an Kriege des 17. Jahrhunderts Relevanz verliehen. Das Buch untersucht wie Politiker, Historiker und Künstler die Kriege des 17. Jahrhunderts in den vergangenen sieben Jahrzehnten vergegenwärtigt haben. Dabei geht es nicht zuletzt auch um die Frage, ob sich eine Verflechtungsgeschichte von Gedächtnissen schreiben lässt, die auf den ersten Blick national gerahmt erscheinen, tatsächlich jedoch in vielfältiger Weise in einem polnisch-ukrainisch-russischen Dreieck positioniert sind.
Die Erfundene Freundschaft
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Author : Jan C. Behrends
language : de
Publisher: Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar
Release Date : 2006
Die Erfundene Freundschaft written by Jan C. Behrends and has been published by Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Political Science categories.
Zu den Instrumenten kommunistischer Herrschaft zahlten neben Repression und Gewalt auch Erziehung und Propaganda. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurden die im Stalinismus ausgebildeten Herrschaftspraktiken nach Ostmitteleuropa transferiert. Vor dem Hintergrund eines historisch belasteten Verhaltnisses zu Russland versuchten die Staatsparteien in Polen und in der DDR, ihre Bevolkerung fur die enge Bindung an die UdSSR zu gewinnen und fur die Sowjetisierung zu mobilisieren. Diese Freundschaftspropaganda fur die Sowjetunion steht im Zentrum der Studie. In transnationaler Perspektive werden die parteistaatlichen Apparate, der Herrschaftsdiskurs, die Strukturen der Offentlichkeit und die gesellschaftliche Rezeption der Propaganda untersucht. Der Autor analysiert insbesondere die Rede uber die Sowjetunion, die Erfindung der Freundschaft in den vierziger Jahren, den Fuhrerkult um Stalin und die Herrschaftskrisen der Jahre 1953 und 1956. Abschliessend fragt er nach der Wirkungsmacht von Propaganda in der kommunistischen Diktatur.
Religi Se Erinnerungsorte In Ostmitteleuropa
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Author : Joachim Bahlcke
language : de
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2013-12-20
Religi Se Erinnerungsorte In Ostmitteleuropa written by Joachim Bahlcke and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-20 with History categories.
Das Handbuch versteht Religion als ein „kulturellen System“ in doppelter Hinsicht: als Zugang, der dem Forschungsanliegen einer neu verstandenen Erinnerungsgeschichte zu mehr Stringenz verhelfen kann. Und als Anstoß, die religiöse Vielfalt Ostmitteleuropas als Charakteristikum dieser Großregion herauszuarbeiten.
Die Rolle Des Politischen Katholizismus In Europa Im 20 Jahrhundert
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Author : Heiner Timmermann
language : de
Publisher: LIT Verlag Münster
Release Date : 2009
Die Rolle Des Politischen Katholizismus In Europa Im 20 Jahrhundert written by Heiner Timmermann and has been published by LIT Verlag Münster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Christianity and politics categories.