Marriage Market Dynamics Gender And The Age Gap
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Marriage Market Dynamics Gender And The Age Gap
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Author : Andrew Shephard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Marriage Market Dynamics Gender And The Age Gap written by Andrew Shephard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The Demographic Transition And The Position Of Women
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Author : Venkataraman Bhaskar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
The Demographic Transition And The Position Of Women written by Venkataraman Bhaskar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Dowry categories.
We present international evidence on the marriage market implications of cohort size growth, and set out a theoretical model of how marriage markets adjust to imbalances. Since men marry younger women, secular growth in cohort size worsens the position of women. This effect has been substantial in many Asian countries, and in sub-Saharan Africa. Secular decline in cohort sizes, as is happening in East Asia, improves the position of women. We show that the age gap at marriage will not adjust in order to equilibrate the marriage market in response to persistent imbalances, even though it accommodates transitory shocks. This is true under transferable utility even if age preferences are relatively minor, as well as under non-transferable utility. We examine the distributional consequences on the sexes, and on dowry payments.
Why Young Women Marry Old Men
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Author : Pavlo R. Blavatskyy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Why Young Women Marry Old Men written by Pavlo R. Blavatskyy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This paper presents an overlapping generations household model with positive assortative matching (richer individuals marry richer partners), incomplete information about partner's type (it takes time to reveal income-earning capabilities of individuals) and a gender wage gap on the labor market (men are more likely to end up with a high-paying job). In equilibrium, a gender pay gap creates an excess supply of desirable husbands and women marry early to increase their chance of being matched with an ideal partner, which results in a gender age gap on the marriage market. A modified model with asymmetric information yields a similar result. As does an extended model where individuals have an option to remain single (the marriage market does not necessarily clear in equilibrium).
The Modern Marriage Market
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Author : Marie Corelli
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1898
The Modern Marriage Market written by Marie Corelli and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1898 with Marriage categories.
Individual views on the instituion of marriage as observed by four prominent English women.
Who Marries Differently Aged Spouses
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Author : Hani Mansour
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Who Marries Differently Aged Spouses written by Hani Mansour and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Some Reflections On Dowry
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Author : Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Some Reflections On Dowry written by Mysore Narasimhachar Srinivas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Bride price categories.
Study of the practice in India.
Aging And The Gains From Marriage
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Author : Toban Wiebe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Aging And The Gains From Marriage written by Toban Wiebe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Men and women have distinct marriage patterns over the lifecycle. In the contemporary USA, marriages for women are concentrated earlier in the lifecycle, whereas for men they are spread out later in the lifecycle. In particular, this means that men are more likely than women to get married in middle age and beyond. This difference is especially pronounced for remarriages--men are far more likely than women to remarry after the age of 30. As a result, there are far more single women than single men over the age of 40. This difference in remarriage patterns cannot be explained by the presence of children--in fact, among divorced women, those with children are more likely to remarry than those without. I investigate how the gains from marriage change over the lifecycle for men and women to understand whether these observed marriage patterns are driven by changes in the value of marriage, as opposed to being products of equilibrium sorting. I develop an equilibrium search and matching model that incorporates an aging process. This allows the model to capture both the lifecycle dynamics of marriage and divorce decisions as well as the impact of local population supplies on equilibrium matching outcomes. Using data from a large cross-sectional survey of the USA, I structurally estimate the model for 20 large city-level marriage markets. I recover an estimate of the gains from marriage, represented by a marital production function, in terms of the ages of husbands and wives. I find that marital output drops off twice as steeply with respect to female age, compared to male age. This suggests that women remarry less because the benefits are smaller, not just because of reduced availability of single men. Finally, I estimate a model in which people are characterized by their education and race in order to capture assortative mating along these dimensions. The results concerning age do not qualitatively change. I find large differences in marital output based on college attainment, but not race.
Gender Marriage And Life Expectancy
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Author : Margherita Borella
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Gender Marriage And Life Expectancy written by Margherita Borella and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Labor market categories.
Abstract: Wages and life expectancy, as well as labor market outcomes, savings, and consumption, differ by gender and marital status. In this paper we compare the aggregate implications of two dynamic structural models. The first model is a standard, quantitative, life-cycle economy, in which people are only heterogenous by age and realized earnings shocks, and is calibrated using data on men, as typically done. The second model is one in which people are also heterogeneous by gender, marital status, wages, and life expectancy, and is calibrated using data for married and single men and women. We show that the standard life-cycle economy misses important aspects of aggregate savings, labor supply, earnings, and consumption. In contrast, the model with richer heterogeneity by gender, marital status, wage, and life expectancy matches the observed data well. We also show that the effects of changing life expectancy and the gender wage gap depend on marital status and gender, and that it is essential to not only model couples, but also the labor supply response of both men and women in a couple
Marriage Markets During The Transition To Adulthood In The United States
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Author : David Michael McClendon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Marriage Markets During The Transition To Adulthood In The United States written by David Michael McClendon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The marriage market is a fundamental concept in social-demographic work on marriage and family patterns because it draws attention to the consequences of population structure and social organization for what many consider to be personal decisions about whether, when, and who to marry. I use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 on a contemporary cohort of young adults in the United States to update our understanding of how marriage markets influence marriage timing and partner selection in light of rapid social, economic, and demographic changes of the past half century. By adopting a marriage-market approach, I also offer a new perspective on social forces behind recent family trends and clarify their significance for the strength of social boundaries in society. First, I examine the consequences of sex ratios--a key demographic characteristic of the marriage market--for men's marriage behavior. Contrary to existing theories, I find that the sex ratio's influence depends on men's life course stage, union status, and education. The results support theories that emphasize social context and growing economic inequality, rather than innate gender differences, to explain recent marriage declines in the United States. Next, I turn to the religious composition of the marriage market to understand religious intermarriage trends. I find that higher concentrations of same-faith partners are associated with increases in religious homogamy (relative to intermarriage) as well as marriage timing. The results imply that spouse's religion remains relevant to marriage decisions in young adulthood, even as religious intermarriage has become more commonplace. Finally, I consider the role of schools in sorting partners. Drawing on newly collected college transcript data, I focus on young adults with some college and ask whether college attendance provides opportunities to meet college-educated partners that improve their marriage prospects relative to peers with no college experience. The results offer mixed support for my hypotheses and imply that schools will likely play a smaller role in educational assortative mating as ages at marriage continue to climb. Overall, this dissertation improves our understanding of marriage markets and their consequences for marriage and partnering behavior in young adulthood.
A Quantitative Analysis Of Marital Age Gaps In The U S Between 1970 And 2014
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Author : Kelly Feighan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
A Quantitative Analysis Of Marital Age Gaps In The U S Between 1970 And 2014 written by Kelly Feighan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Measuring spouses' ages allows us to explore larger sociological issues about marriage, such as whether narrowing gaps signal gender progress or if a rise in female-older unions reveals a status change. Using Census and American Community Survey data, I test the merits of beauty-exchange and status homogamy theories as explanations for how heterosexual marital age gaps changed over a 40-year period of social and economic revolution. Analyses address questions about how age gaps compared for people with different characteristics, whether similarly aged couples exhibited greater educational and socio-economic homogamy than others, and if the odds of being in age-heterogamous marriages changed. Chapter 4 provides the historical context of U.S. marriages from 1910 on, and shows that while disadvantaged groups retreated from marriage, the percentage of individuals with greater education and income who married remained high. Age homogamy rose over 100 years due to a decline in marriages involving much-older husbands rather than increases in wife-older unions. Results in Chapter 5 show that mean age gaps decreased significantly over time for first-married individuals by most-but not all-characteristics. Gaps narrowed for those who were White, Black, other race, or of Hispanic origin; from any age group; with zero, one, or two wage earners; with any level of education; and from most types of interracial pairs. One exception was that mean age gaps increased between Asian wives and White husbands, and Asian women's odds of having a much older husband were higher than the odds for racially homogamous women. Those odds increased over time. Findings lent support for status homogamy theory, since same-age couples showed greater educational homogamy than others in any decade, but showed mixed support for beauty exchange. In 2010-14, the median spousal earnings gap was wider in husband-older marriages than age-homogamous ones; however, the reverse was true in 1980. Women-older first or remarriages exhibited the smallest median earnings gaps in 1980 and 2010-14, and women in these marriages contributed a greater percentage of the family income than other women in 2010-14 (43.6% vs 36.9%, respectively). The odds of being in age-heterogamous unions were significantly higher for persons who were remarried, from older age groups, from certain racial backgrounds, in some interracial marriages, less educated, and from lower SES backgrounds. Age and remarriage showed the greatest impact on odds ratios. While age homogamy increased overall, the odds of being a much older spouse (11+ years older) increased dramatically for remarried men and women between 1970 and 1980, and then remained high in 2010-14. Remarried women's odds of being the much older wife versus a same-age spouse were 20.7 times that of the odds of first-married women in 2010-14. Other results showed that Black men's odds of being with a much-older wife compared to one around the same age were about 2.5 times that of the odds of White men in each decade. Hispanic men's odds of being in a first marriage with a much-older wife versus one of the same age were also twice the odds of White men in 1980 and 2010-14. Analyses demonstrated that marital age gaps have, indeed, changed significantly since the second-wave women's movement, and that while age homogamy increased, the odds of being age heterogamous also shifted for people with different characteristics.