Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing
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Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing
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Author : Adam Wagstaff
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2001
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing written by Adam Wagstaff and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Medical care categories.
The World Health Organization's latest World health report proposes an index of fairness in health care financing. The index's chief weakness is that it cannot discriminate among progressive, regressive, and horizontally inequitable health financing systems. An alternative approach proposed in the early 1990s is shown to do a better job.
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing Reflections On And Alternatives To The World Health Organization S Fairness Of Financing Index
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Author : Adam Wagstaff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing Reflections On And Alternatives To The World Health Organization S Fairness Of Financing Index written by Adam Wagstaff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with OMS (Organizacion Mundial de la Salud) categories.
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing
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Author : Wagstaff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing written by Wagstaff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing
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Author : Adam Wagstaff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Measuring Equity In Health Care Financing written by Adam Wagstaff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data
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Author : Adam Wagstaff
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007-11-02
Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data written by Adam Wagstaff and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-02 with Medical categories.
Have gaps in health outcomes between the poor and better off grown? Are they larger in one country than another? Are health sector subsidies more equally distributed in some countries than others? Are health care payments more progressive in one health care financing system than another? What are catastrophic payments and how can they be measured? How far do health care payments impoverish households? Answering questions such as these requires quantitative analysis. This in turn depends on a clear understanding of how to measure key variables in the analysis, such as health outcomes, health expenditures, need, and living standards. It also requires set quantitative methods for measuring inequality and inequity, progressivity, catastrophic expenditures, poverty impact, and so on. This book provides an overview of the key issues that arise in the measurement of health variables and living standards, outlines and explains essential tools and methods for distributional analysis, and, using worked examples, shows how these tools and methods can be applied in the health sector. The book seeks to provide the reader with both a solid grasp of the principles underpinning distributional analysis, while at the same time offering hands-on guidance on how to move from principles to practice.
Measurement And Explanation Of Inequality In Health And Health Care In Low Income Settings
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Author : Eddy van Doorslaer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Measurement And Explanation Of Inequality In Health And Health Care In Low Income Settings written by Eddy van Doorslaer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Medical care categories.
"This paper describes approaches to the measurement and explanation of income-related inequality and inequity in health care financing, health care utilization and health and considers the applicability and the feasibility of these methods in low-income countries. Results from a comparative study of 14 Asian countries are used to illustrate the main issues. The structure of health finance in low-income countries, in particular the heavy reliance on out-of-pocket payments, means that the equity issues in finance are quite different from those of concern in high-income countries. Primary concern is not with the distribution of contributions to pre-payment mechanisms but with the deterrent effect of payments on utilization and the distribution of uninsured payment risks. Measurement of inequity in utilization of health care in low-income countries is constrained by the lack of reliable measures of health that can be used to standardize..." -- abstract.
Equity In The Finance And Delivery Of Health Care
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Author : Eddy K. A. van Doorslaer
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 1993
Equity In The Finance And Delivery Of Health Care written by Eddy K. A. van Doorslaer and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
Presents the results of research which has been facilitated by funding from the European Community and hopes to represent a significant contribution to knowledge about equity in the finance and delivery of health care in 10 countries.
Assessing Equity In Health System Finance And Health Care Utilization
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Author : Alicia Lorena Nunez Mondaca
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Assessing Equity In Health System Finance And Health Care Utilization written by Alicia Lorena Nunez Mondaca and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Health insurance categories.
Chile has experienced great success in terms of economic growth in the last decades. This growing economy brings changes in the Chilean health care system. Its health care system was primarily funded by state sources until 1981, when a major reform was introduced that established new rules for the health insurance market. Since then, Chile has a public-private mixed health care system, both in financing and delivery of services. Citizens can choose for coverage between the Public National Health Insurance and the Private Health Insurance system. However, these systems have a common funding source coming from the mandatory contribution of employees, equivalent to 7% of their taxable income with an approximate limit of US$2,800 dollars. One of the more important Chilean health reforms towards the establishment of social guarantees was effective on July 2005, when the Regime of Explicit Health Guarantees, also known as Plan AUGE became effective. Plan AUGE is a health program that benefits all Chileans without discrimination of age, gender, economic status, health care, or place of residence. This plan includes the 69 diseases with higher impact on Chilean population in its different stages, but with feasibility of effective treatments. Changes in the health care system and its last reform brought questions about their impact on the distribution of health care services throughout country. Is Chile moving towards a better and more equitable health care system? The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate equity in health system finance and health care utilization as well as to explore alternative measurement of access to health care in Chile. The first two manuscripts examine equity issues in Chile. The purpose of the first one is to assess equity in health system finance in Chile, accounting for all finance sources. While equity in health system finance has been well studied in OECD countries, there are still few published empirical studies on Latin American health care systems, where there tends to be a wider gap in income-wealth distribution among states. This gap may increase the financial burden for people in the lower spectrum of income groups, which is the main concern in the first manuscript. It will focus on identifying policy variables that may contribute to more equitable distribution of the financial burden in health care. The equity principle we adopt for this study is the ability to pay principle. Based on this, we explore factors that contribute to inequities in the health care system finance and issues about who bears the heavier burden of out-of pocket (OOP) payment, progressivity of OOP payment, and the redistributive effect of OOP payment for health care as a source of finance in the Chilean health care system. Our analysis is based on data from the National Socioeconomic Survey (CASEN), and the 2006 National Survey on Satisfaction and OOP payments. Results from this study provide comprehensive understanding of the financial burden of health care in Chile. This study identified evidence of inequity, in spite of the progressivity of the health care system. Furthermore, our assessment of equity in health system finance identified relevant policy variables such as education, insurance system, and method of payment that should be taken into consideration in the ongoing debates and research in improving the Chilean system. Such findings will also benefit other Latin American countries that are concerned about equity in health system finance. The purpose of the second manuscript was to assess equity in health care utilization in Chile. Secondary data analyses from the National Socioeconomic Survey (CASEN) were performed to estimate the impact of different factors including AUGE in the utilization of health care services. We used a two-part model for the analysis of frequency of health care use in the country. Four other separate two-part models were also specified to estimate the frequency of use of preventive services, general practitioner services, specialty care and emergency care. An assessment of horizontal equity was also included. Results suggest the presence of pro-rich inequities in the use of medical care. The estimation of the two-part model found key factors affecting utilization of health care services such as education and the implementation of the AUGE program. These findings provide timely evidence to policy-makers to understand the current distribution and equity of health care utilization, and to strengthen availability of health services accordingly. The third manuscript was motivated by the previous findings. Its purpose was to explore an alternative measurement for health care access. The majority of studies nowadays use a single proxy to estimate access: the use of health care services. However, we saw many limitations on this approach since it only considers people that are already using the system and ignores those that are not. The final manuscript proposed a model to estimate access to health care services based on communitarian claims. The model identified barriers to health care access as well as the preferences of the community for priority settings.
Health Equity And Financial Protection
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2011-01-01
Health Equity And Financial Protection written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-01 with Medical categories.
Two key policy goals in the health sector are equity and financial protection. New methods, data and powerful computers have led to a surge of interest in quantitative analysis that permits monitoring progress toward these objectives, and comparisons across countries. ADePT is a new computer program that streamlines and automates such work, ensuring that results are genuinely comparable and allowing them to be produced with a minimum of programming skills. This book provides a step-by-step guide to the use of ADePT for quantitative analysis of equity and financial protection in the health sect
Communities In Action
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-04-27
Communities In Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-27 with Medical categories.
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
