Mechanical Ventilation Amid The Covid 19 Pandemic
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Mechanical Ventilation Amid The Covid 19 Pandemic
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Author : Amir A. Hakimi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-02-11
Mechanical Ventilation Amid The Covid 19 Pandemic written by Amir A. Hakimi and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The surge in COVID-19 cases leading to hospitalizations around the world quickly depleted hospital resources and reserves, forcing physicians to make extremely difficult life-or-death decisions on ventilator allocation between patients. Leaders in academia and industry have developed numerous ventilator support systems using both consumer- and industry-grade hardware to sustain life and to provide intermediate respiratory relief for hospitalized patients. This book is the first of its kind to discuss the respiratory pathophysiology underlying COVID-19, explain ventilator mechanics, provide and evaluate a repository of innovative ventilator support devices conceived amid the pandemic, and explain both hardware and software components necessary to develop an inexpensive ventilator support device. This book serves both as a historical record of the collaborative and innovative response to the anticipated ventilator shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic and as a guide for physicians, engineers, and DIY'ers interested in developing inexpensive transitory ventilator support devices.
Anesthetic And Critical Care Amid The Covid 19 Pandemic
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Author : Ru-Ping Dai
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-07-25
Anesthetic And Critical Care Amid The Covid 19 Pandemic written by Ru-Ping Dai and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-25 with Medical categories.
Personalized Mechanical Ventilation
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Author : Jorge Hidalgo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2022-12-03
Personalized Mechanical Ventilation written by Jorge Hidalgo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-03 with Medical categories.
In dealing with the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic, there are an increased number of patients requiring personalized management as the disease pathology varies. With variable lung compliance and airway resistance as well as the severity of the disease, one size will not fit all patients. This book is problem-oriented with evidence-based discussions of the daily encountered scenarios in the ICU for mechanically ventilated patients, dealing with the pathology, monitoring and troubleshooting facing intensivists daily. These scenarios are managed utilizing a goal-directed approach and algorithms to achieve these goals. All chapters contain an explanation of a different solution illustrating the respiratory mechanics, physiology and pathology involved in such a scenario. Each chapter also closes with a take-home message to summarize the content. In addition to describing the ventilation of different patient categories, this text also features ventilation cases specific to COVID-19 including airway management in the enhanced air born isolated patient, pulmonary embolism, different states of shock and differential lung ventilation. There is also a specific chapter on monitoring mechanical ventilation with point of care ultrasound, which is an available modality in most ICUs. Another unique chapter describes how to connect more than one patient to one ventilator in case of a shortage of machines. Written by experts in the field, Personalized Mechanical Ventilation is a timely and valuable resource for critical care physicians, nurses and respiratory therapists on the front lines of both COVID-19 and day-to-day care of mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU.
Covid 19 Airway Management And Ventilation Strategy For Critically Ill Older Patients
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Author : Nicola Vargas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2021-08-27
Covid 19 Airway Management And Ventilation Strategy For Critically Ill Older Patients written by Nicola Vargas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-27 with Medical categories.
This book describes the issues and challenges that clinicians encountered in the management of older critically ill patients during the Covid-19 pandemic, and offers practical information on how to manage them. Older adults are more susceptible to complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as a result of viral pneumonia. In addition, they often have multiple comorbidities and are commonly frail, which means their various organs and systems, such as the respiratory system, have reduced functional reserves. As such, older adults are less able to react to acute stressors. During the current Covid-19 pandemic, older adult patients' mortality is increased. Further, the infection and death rates of elderly people in nursing homes and health care institutions are high. Management of older adults with Covid is complicated. The reduced availability of beds may limit their access to ICU. Moreover, the prognosis may be poor, and airway management and ventilation strategies have to take into account various clinical and physiological characteristics specific to older patients. This book is addressed to all allied professionals involved in the management of older critically ill patients and presents information collected and practical lessons learned from the clinical daily management of this population during the pandemic.
Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation In High Risk Infections Mass Casualty And Pandemics
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Author : Antonio M. Esquinas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-07-04
Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation In High Risk Infections Mass Casualty And Pandemics written by Antonio M. Esquinas and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-07-04 with Medical categories.
The second edition of this book describes the clinical indications of NIV in patients hospitalized with high-risk infections as well as in the prehospital management of mass casualty incidents, including chemical or biological disasters and pandemics. In recent decades, we have learned the impact that different pandemics and mass casualty disasters can outcome in terms of health resource use, health costs and human lives. The development of respiratory failure in these patients, either infectious or non-infectious causes, has led to develop employment plans related both to invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation during acute respiratory failure. In this book authors evaluate a rational basis for indications, specific noninvasive mechanical ventilation indications in hospitalized patients (tuberculosis, bacterial, virus, etc.) and prehospital applications (mass casualty: chemical, biological disaster), equipment (ventilators, interfaces) and plan organization for health systems: how and when apply NIV. A critical review of already published studies is described as well as implications and how will be the future according to international expert opinions. Therefore, this updated edition represents a useful scientific reference point according to what it has been experienced in the last pandemics, with respect to the growing role that NIV has and must have in the world.
A Patient Specific Multiscale Model Of Mechanical Ventilation Of Covid 19 Afflicted Lungs
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Author : Shea Taran Middleton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
A Patient Specific Multiscale Model Of Mechanical Ventilation Of Covid 19 Afflicted Lungs written by Shea Taran Middleton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory disease that caused a worldwide pandemic and, in some cases, manifests as an acute respiratory distress syndrome. Severe cases of COVID-19 are often treated with mechanical ventilation, which has a high risk of causing ventilator-induced lung injury. However, COVID-19 is a relatively recent disease, and there is a lack of detailed understanding of its response to mechanical ventilation. This thesis aims to create a multiscale physics-based computational modeling framework for COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) to examine region-specific and overall lung dynamics for patients subject to mechanical ventilation. This goal is accomplished by developing patient-specific image-based models of free-breathing and mechanically ventilated patients using four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) imaging data from COVID-19 patients. Models presented in this thesis were designed to provide insight into airflow redistribution and volume and pressure differentials on a regional basis. One model was developed as a patient-specific proof-of-concept of realistic simulation of healthy and COVID-19 free-breathing mechanics. The free-breathing model was then modified to simulate pressure-control mechanical ventilation conditions and applied to four patients with advanced COVID-19. This in silico mechanical ventilation model reasonably predicted redistribution of ventilation from severely damaged lung lobes to the lobes less affected by COVID-19 damage, potentially revealing a risk factor of mechanical ventilation volutrauma due to COVID-19 damage heterogeneity. Each mechanical ventilation simulation was validated and showed reasonable agreement with existing image- or clinical data-based studies of COVID-19 and other lung pathologies. This study exhibits a foundation for future COVID-19 patient-specific multiscale lung modeling.
Mechanical Ventilation From Pathophysiology To Clinical Evidence
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Author : Giacomo Bellani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2022-04-06
Mechanical Ventilation From Pathophysiology To Clinical Evidence written by Giacomo Bellani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-06 with Medical categories.
This book aims to give a comprehensive overview of the current challenges and solution posed to the health care professionals who need to use mechanical ventilation to treat their patients. Mechanical ventilation is a cornerstone of the treatment of critically ill patients, as also dramatically underlined by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The topic is not simple to approach, since it requires integration of multiple data which, in turn, result from complex interplays between patient’s condition and ventilatory settings. While technological development empowered advanced monitoring and decision support, these also increase the burden of data on the practitioners. Furthermore, considering that sometimes mechanical ventilation is seen under two, apparently opposite, approaches, “physiology vs. protocols”, the book aims to reconcile these two aspects. And this has been done by each author following the above trajectory in their chapters. The exposure of the topic begins from the “pathophysiology” (i.e. the “physiology of the disease”) so that the reader can better understand the concept and rationale of any given approach. At the same time, any rationale or hypothesis (for as much as supported by physiology) must hold at the proof of clinical research and evidence, which is summarized in each chapter. In summary, the purposes is that the readers understand not only which is the best clinical practice to adopt but also why and which mechanisms this is based upon and how to approach a novel issue they might encounter. The book – addressed to physicians, nurses and respiratory therapist – features chapters on “novel” or “hot” topics like, obviously, COVID-19, ECMO, but also MV in low resource setting.
Design And Ex Vivo Validation Of A Novel Low Cost Emergency Mechanical Ventilator
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Author : Elizabeth Aeja Heyde
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Design And Ex Vivo Validation Of A Novel Low Cost Emergency Mechanical Ventilator written by Elizabeth Aeja Heyde and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Mechanical ventilator shortages have become increasingly frequent due to the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an unmet need for low cost, easily assembled emergency-use ventilators that are minimally susceptible to supply chain disruptions. The MADVent is a single-mode continuous, mandatory, pressure-controlled, time-terminated ventilator developed to be easily sourced and assembled for use in emergency scenarios, including COVID-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study hypothesizes that the proposed ventilator design can successfully inflate tissue for sustained periods, with waveforms comparable to existing ventilators on the market. The main aim of this study is to determine if the MADVent Mark V can safely and effectively inflate mammalian lungs for sustained periods. Sub-aims include (1) optimizing the ventilator design for safety, efficacy, and reduced cost, (2) validating the ventilator on a mechanical lung simulator, and (3) and validating the ventilator on an ex-vivo model. Tests were completed using a mechanical lung simulator or porcine lungs as models. Pressure, flow, and volume data were collected and processed using BIOPAC's respiratory data acquisition hardware and software. Parameters including respiratory rate, inspiration time, target pressure, and compliance were varied across trials with both models to simulate various clinical conditions including extreme scenarios and long durations. Dynamic compliance of the porcine lung was calculated to be 0.037 L/cmH2O, which is comparable to the compliance applied during most mechanical model trials. The MADVent Mark V effectively mechanically ventilates both mechanical lung simulators and ex-vivo porcine models. Next steps include preparing an FDA submission.
Core Topics In Airway Management
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Author : Ian Calder
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-12-16
Core Topics In Airway Management written by Ian Calder and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-16 with Medical categories.
Every anaesthetist reaches the end of their career with a collection of difficult airway experiences. Managing airway challenges relies on a combination of good clinical practice, knowledge of relevant basic sciences and critical evaluation of every aspect of airway care. This new edition of Core Topics in Airway Management provides any trainee or consultant involved in airway techniques with practical, clinically relevant coverage of the core skills and knowledge required to manage airways in a wide variety of patients and clinical settings. All new procedures and equipment are reviewed, and detailed chapters advise on airway issues in a range of surgical procedures. This edition also contains a series of practical questions and answers, enabling the reader to evaluate their knowledge. Written by leading airway experts with decades of experience managing difficult airways, Core Topics in Airway Management, 2nd edition is an invaluable tool for anaesthetists, intensivists, and emergency physicians.
The Genesis Vent
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Author : Matthew West Mueller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
The Genesis Vent written by Matthew West Mueller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with COVID-19 (Disease) categories.
During a time where COVID-19 is spreading across the globe, mechanical ventilators are sought to help those in respiratory distress caused by the coronavirus, and different low-cost mechanical ventilators have been extensively discussed and proposed. Ventilators are one of the few weapons against the coronavirus for patients in a critical state. One major problem is that ventilators are very scarce in America and in the world, and the fact that the number of coronavirus cases are surging means that people around the globe are in vital need of ventilators. The goal of this thesis is to review existing design solutions of mechanical ventilators and propose a simplified design that functions in similar way to high-end ventilators with few basic operation modes. Furthermore, the thesis will address how to build the low-cost ventilator using common commercial devices and electronics for scenarios such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed design in this thesis consists of two blowers, servo motor valves, an Arduino, air filters for both inspiratory and expiratory lines and other electronics, which have all been tested using methods available to people in the comfort of their own homes, during social distancing. The proposed design is 3D printed, integrated with a mechatronic system, and evaluated for initial performance. The design is simple, yet effective in providing positive and negative airway pressure through the use of two 12V blowers and will hopefully provide life-saving assistance to many people around the world when it is further developed.