Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of The Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethylene And Vinyl Chloride First Annual Progress Report September 15 1996 September 14 1997
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Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of The Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethylene And Vinyl Chloride First Annual Progress Report September 15 1996 September 14 1997
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of The Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethylene And Vinyl Chloride First Annual Progress Report September 15 1996 September 14 1997 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
This three-year project is to study the anaerobic biological conversion of cis-1,2- dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl Chloride (VC) to ethene. The study is being conducted in three separate phases, the first to better understand the mechanisms involved in cDCE and VC biodegradation, the second to evaluate the chemistry of the processes involved, and the third, to study factors affecting reaction kinetics. Major funding is being provided by the US Department of Energy, but the DuPont Chemical Company has also agreed to directly cost-share on the project at a rate of $75,000 per year for the three year period. Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) are solvents that are among the most widely occurring organic groundwater contaminants. The biological anaerobic reduction-of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) such as PCE and TCE to cDCE and VC in groundwater was reported in the early 1980s. Further reduction of PCE and its intermediates to ethene was reported in 1989. Several pure cultures of anaerobic bacteria have been found to reductively dehalogenate PCE to cDCE Rates of reduction of PCE and TCE to cDCE are high and the need for electron donor addition for the reactions is small. However, the subsequent reduction of cDCE to VC, and then of VC to the harmless end product, ethene, is much slower and only recently has a pure culture been reported that is capable of reducing cDCE to VC or VC to ethene. There are numerous. reports of such conversions in mixed cultures. The reduction of cDCE and VC to ethene is where basic research is most needed and is the subject of this study.
Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethylene And Vinyl Chloride 1998 Annual Progress Report
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethylene And Vinyl Chloride 1998 Annual Progress Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
The objectives of this study are to: (1) determine the biochemical pathways for reductive dehalogenation of cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC), including identification of the enzymes involved, (2) determine the chemical requirements, especially the type and quantity of electron donors needed by the microorganisms for reductive dehalogenation, and (3) evaluate the kinetics of the process with respect to the concentration of both the electron donors and the electron acceptors (cDCE and VC). Progress has been made under each of the three primary objectives. One manuscript related to the first objective has been published. Manuscripts related to the other two objectives have been submitted for publication. Findings related to the three objectives are summarized.
Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethene And Vinyl Chloride
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Mechanisms Chemistry And Kinetics Of Anaerobic Biodegradation Of Cis Dichloroethene And Vinyl Chloride written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Anaerobic biological processes can result in PCE and TCE destruction through conversion to cis-dichloroethene (cDCE) then to vinyl chloride (VC), and finally to ethene. Here, the chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) serve as electron acceptors in energy metabolism, requiring electron donors such as hydrogen from an external source. The purpose of this study was to learn more about the biochemistry of cDCE and VC conversion to ethene, to better understand the requirements for electron donors, and to determine factors affecting the rates of CAH degradation and organism growth. The biochemistry of reductive dehalogenation of VC was studied with an anaerobic mixed culture enriched on VC. In other studies on electron donor needs for dehalogenation of cDCE and VC, competition for hydrogen was found to occur between the dehalogenators and other microorganisms such as methanogens and homoacetogens in a benzoate-acclimated dehalogenating methanogenic mixed culture. Factors affecting the relative rates of destruction of the solvents and their intermediate products were evaluated. Studies using a mixed PCE-dehalogenating culture as well as the VC enrichment for biochemical studies suggested that the same species was involved in both cDCE and VC dechlorination, and that cDCE and VC competitively inhibited each other's dechlorination rate.
Natural Attenuation For Groundwater Remediation
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Author : Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-08-31
Natural Attenuation For Groundwater Remediation written by Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-08-31 with Science categories.
In the past decade, officials responsible for clean-up of contaminated groundwater have increasingly turned to natural attenuation-essentially allowing naturally occurring processes to reduce the toxic potential of contaminants-versus engineered solutions. This saves both money and headaches. To the people in surrounding communities, though, it can appear that clean-up officials are simply walking away from contaminated sites. When is natural attenuation the appropriate approach to a clean-up? This book presents the consensus of a diverse committee, informed by the views of researchers, regulators, and community activists. The committee reviews the likely effectiveness of natural attenuation with different classes of contaminants-and describes how to evaluate the "footprints" of natural attenuation at a site to determine whether natural processes will provide adequate clean-up. Included are recommendations for regulatory change. The committee emphasizes the importance of the public's belief and attitudes toward remediation and provides guidance on involving community stakeholders throughout the clean-up process. The book explores how contamination occurs, explaining concepts and terms, and includes case studies from the Hanford nuclear site, military bases, as well as other sites. It provides historical background and important data on clean-up processes and goes on to offer critical reviews of 14 published protocols for evaluating natural attenuation.
Toxicological Profile For Chloromethane
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Toxicological Profile For Chloromethane written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Methyl chloride categories.
Toxicological Profile For Chlordane
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Toxicological Profile For Chlordane written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Chlordan categories.
Biodegradation Of Nitroaromatic Compounds And Explosives
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Author : Jim C. Spain
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-06-14
Biodegradation Of Nitroaromatic Compounds And Explosives written by Jim C. Spain and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-06-14 with Science categories.
Filled with practical applications and research, Biodegradation of Nitroaromatic Compounds and Explosives presents an international perspective on environmental contamination from explosives. It covers biodegradation strategies for DNT and a wide variety of other nitroaromatic compounds of environmental significance and makes the information access
Environmental Soil Remediation And Rehabilitation
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Author : Eric D. van Hullebusch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-04-22
Environmental Soil Remediation And Rehabilitation written by Eric D. van Hullebusch and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-04-22 with Science categories.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of innovative remediation techniques and strategies for soils contaminated by heavy metals or organic compounds (e.g. petroleum hydrocarbons, NAPLs and chlorinated organic compounds). It discusses various novel chemical remediation approaches (in-situ and ex-situ) used alone and in combination with physical and/or thermal treatment. Further, it addresses the recovery of NAPLs, reuse of leaching solutions, and in-situ chemical reduction and oxidation, and explores the chemical enhancement of physical NAPLs recovery from both practical and theoretical perspectives. Also presenting the state-of-the-art in waste-assisted bioremediation to improve soil quality and the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons, the book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and R&D professionals in industry engaged in the treatment of contaminated soils.
Epa 815 R
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Epa 815 R written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Water categories.
Surface Water Photochemistry
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Author : Paola Calza
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2015-11-20
Surface Water Photochemistry written by Paola Calza and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-20 with Nature categories.
Borne out of the current widespread interest in the pollution of water bodies, this book explores the latest research concerning the photochemical fate of organic pollutants in surface water. The main objective is to give insight into both the functioning of ecosystems and the behaviour of emerging pollutants in those ecosystems. Particular importance is dedicated to techniques that can be used in the field and in the laboratory for the detection of pollutants and of their transformation intermediates. The inclusion of photochemical processes that have not gained previous coverage will afford the reader novel insights, whilst the focus on modelling and transformation intermediates will ensure the title's relevance to academics, the chemical manufacturing industries and environmental assessment experts alike.