Metaphysics And Science
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Metaphysics Of Science
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Author : Markus Schrenk
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-08-12
Metaphysics Of Science written by Markus Schrenk and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-12 with Philosophy categories.
Metaphysics and science have a long but troubled relationship. In the twentieth century the Logical Positivists argued metaphysics was irrelevant and that philosophy should be guided by science. However, metaphysics and science attempt to answer many of the same, fundamental questions: What are laws of nature? What is causation? What are natural kinds? In this book, Markus Schrenk examines and explains the central questions and problems in the metaphysics of science. He reviews the development of the field from the early modern period through to the latest research, systematically assessing key topics including: dispositions counterfactual conditionals laws of nature causation properties natural kinds essence necessity. With the addition of chapter summaries and annotated further reading, Metaphysics of Science is a much-needed, clear and informative survey of this exciting area of philosophical research. It is essential reading for students and scholars of philosophy of science and metaphysics.
The Metaphysics Of Science
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Author : Craig Dilworth
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
The Metaphysics Of Science written by Craig Dilworth and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Science categories.
The roots of this work lie in my earlier book, Scientific Progress, which first appeared in 1981. One of its topics, the distinction between scientific laws and theories, is there treated with reference to the same distinction as drawn by N. R. Campbell in his Physics: The Elements. Shortly after completing Scientific Progress, I read Rom Harre's The Principles of Scientific Thinking, in which the concept of theory is even more clearly delineated than in Campbell, being directly con nected to the notion of a model - as it was in my book. In subsequent considerations regarding science, Harre's work thus became my main source of inspiration with regard to theories, while Campbell's re mained my main source with respect to empiricallaws. Around the same time I also read William Whewell's Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences. In this work, Whewell depicts principles as playing a central role in the formation of science, and conceives of them in much the same way as Kant conceives of fundamental syn thetic a priori judgements. The idea that science should have principles as a basic element immediately made sense to me, and from that time I have thought of science in terms of laws, theories and principles.
Metaphysics Of Science
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Author : Markus Schrenk
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-08-12
Metaphysics Of Science written by Markus Schrenk and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-12 with Philosophy categories.
Metaphysics and science have a long but troubled relationship. In the twentieth century the Logical Positivists argued metaphysics was irrelevant and that philosophy should be guided by science. However, metaphysics and science attempt to answer many of the same, fundamental questions: What are laws of nature? What is causation? What are natural kinds? In this book, Markus Schrenk examines and explains the central questions and problems in the metaphysics of science. He reviews the development of the field from the early modern period through to the latest research, systematically assessing key topics including: dispositions counterfactual conditionals laws of nature causation properties natural kinds essence necessity. With the addition of chapter summaries and annotated further reading, Metaphysics of Science is a much-needed, clear and informative survey of this exciting area of philosophical research. It is essential reading for students and scholars of philosophy of science and metaphysics.
Why Science Needs Metaphysics
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Author : Elie Zahar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Why Science Needs Metaphysics written by Elie Zahar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.
As notions of postmodernism and deconstruction have become exceedingly fashionable in recent times, scholars have attempted to remake epistemology as a subjectivist enterprise. Why Science Needs Metaphysics deplores this state of affairs and attempts to correct it by reviving rational metaphysics as well as some of the sound ideas of the Vienna circle. (A rational metaphysics maintains that the world around us is real, and has a specific nature independent of our thoughts or feelings.) In arguing for a rational metaphysics, Zahar corrects and extends Karl Popper's approach to epistemological problems and develops Lakatos's Methodology of Scientific Research Programs into his own methodology. The book ends with two short case studies, one on the development of atomic theory, and the other on Einstein's philosophy of science. Both illustrate that realist metaphysics are crucial to the work of our greatest scientists.
Metaphysics And The Philosophy Of Science
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Author : Matthew Slater
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-02-01
Metaphysics And The Philosophy Of Science written by Matthew Slater and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-01 with Philosophy categories.
The question of the proper role of metaphysics in philosophy of science is both significant and contentious. The last few decades have seen considerable engagement with philosophical projects aptly described as "the metaphysics of science:" inquiries into natural laws and properties, natural kinds, causal relations, and dispositions. At the same time, many metaphysicians have begun moving in the direction of more scientifically-informed ("scientistic" or "naturalistic") metaphysics. And yet many philosophers of science retain a deep suspicion about the significance of metaphysical investigations into science. This volume of new essays explores a broadly methodological question: what role should metaphysics play in our philosophizing about science? These new essays, written by leading philosophers of science, address this question both through ground-level investigations of particular issues in the metaphysics of science and by more general methodological inquiry.
A Metaphysics For Scientific Realism
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Author : Anjan Chakravartty
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-10-18
A Metaphysics For Scientific Realism written by Anjan Chakravartty and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-18 with Science categories.
Scientific realism is the view that our best scientific theories give approximately true descriptions of both observable and unobservable aspects of a mind-independent world. Debates between realists and their critics are at the very heart of the philosophy of science. Anjan Chakravartty traces the contemporary evolution of realism by examining the most promising strategies adopted by its proponents in response to the forceful challenges of antirealist sceptics, resulting in a positive proposal for scientific realism today. He examines the core principles of the realist position, and sheds light on topics including the varieties of metaphysical commitment required, and the nature of the conflict between realism and its empiricist rivals. By illuminating the connections between realist interpretations of scientific knowledge and the metaphysical foundations supporting them, his book offers a compelling vision of how realism can provide an internally consistent and coherent account of scientific knowledge.
Metaphysics And Science
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Author : Stephen Mumford
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-06-27
Metaphysics And Science written by Stephen Mumford and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-27 with Philosophy categories.
Metaphysics and Science brings together important new work within an emerging philosophical discipline: the metaphysics of science. In the opening chapter, a definition of the metaphysics of science is offered, one which explains why the topics of laws, causation, natural kinds, and emergence are at the discipline's heart. The book is then divided into four sections, which group together papers from leading academics on each of those four topics. Among the questions discussed are: How are laws and measurement methods related? Can a satisfactory reductive account of laws be given? How can Lorentz transformation laws be explained? How are dispositions triggered? What role should dispositional properties play in our understanding of causation? Are natural kinds and natural properties distinct? How is the Kripke-Putnam semantics for natural kind terms related to the natural kind essentialist thesis? What would have to be the case for natural kind terms to have determinate reference? What bearing, if any, does nonlinearity in science have on the issue of metaphysical emergence? This collection will be of interest to philosophers, scientists and post-graduates working on problems at the intersection of metaphysics and science.
The Metaphysics Of Science And Aim Oriented Empiricism
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Author : Nicholas Maxwell
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-19
The Metaphysics Of Science And Aim Oriented Empiricism written by Nicholas Maxwell and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-19 with Science categories.
This book gives an account of work that I have done over a period of decades that sets out to solve two fundamental problems of philosophy: the mind-body problem and the problem of induction. Remarkably, these revolutionary contributions to philosophy turn out to have dramatic implications for a wide range of issues outside philosophy itself, most notably for the capacity of humanity to resolve current grave global problems and make progress towards a better, wiser world. A key element of the proposed solution to the first problem is that physics is about only a highly specialized aspect of all that there is – the causally efficacious aspect. Once this is understood, it ceases to be a mystery that natural science says nothing about the experiential aspect of reality, the colours we perceive, the inner experiences we are aware of. That natural science is silent about the experiential aspect of reality is no reason whatsoever to hold that the experiential does not objectively exist. A key element of the proposed solution to the second problem is that physics, in persistently accepting unified theories only, thereby makes a substantial metaphysical assumption about the universe: it is such that a unified pattern of physical law runs through all phenomena. We need a new conception, and kind, of physics that acknowledges, and actively seeks to improve, metaphysical presuppositions inherent in the methods of physics. The problematic aims and methods of physics need to be improved as physics proceeds. These are the ideas that have fruitful implications, I set out to show, for a wide range of issues: for philosophy itself, for physics, for natural science more generally, for the social sciences, for education, for the academic enterprise as a whole and, most important of all, for the capacity of humanity to learn how to solve the grave global problems that menace our future, and thus make progress to a better, wiser world. It is not just science that has problematic aims; in life too our aims, whether personal, social or institutional, are all too often profoundly problematic, and in urgent need of improvement. We need a new kind of academic enterprise which helps humanity put aims-and-methods improving meta-methods into practice in personal and social life, so that we may come to do better at achieving what is of value in life, and make progress towards a saner, wiser world. This body of work of mine has met with critical acclaim. Despite that, astonishingly, it has been ignored by mainstream philosophy. In the book I discuss the recent work of over 100 philosophers on the mind-body problem and the metaphysics of science, and show that my earlier, highly relevant work on these issues is universally ignored, the quality of subsequent work suffering as a result. My hope, in publishing this book, is that my fellow philosophers will come to appreciate the intellectual value of my proposed solutions to the mind-body problem and the problem of induction, and will, as a result, join with me in attempting to convince our fellow academics that we need to bring about an intellectual/institutional revolution in academic inquiry so that it takes up its proper task of helping humanity learn how to solve problems of living, including global problems, and make progress towards as good, as wise and enlightened a world as possible.
Between Experience And Metaphysics
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Author : S. Amsterdamski
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1975-06-30
Between Experience And Metaphysics written by S. Amsterdamski and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975-06-30 with Science categories.
Polish philosophy of science has been the beneficiary of three powerful creative streams of scientific and philosophical thought. First and fore- most was the Lwow-Warsaw school of Polish analytical philosophy founded by Twardowski and continued in their several ways by Les- niewski, Lukasiewicz, and Tarski, the great mathematical and logical philosophers, by Kotarbinski, probably the most distinguished teacher, public figure, and culturally influential philosopher of the inter-war and post-war period, and by Ajdukiewicz, the linguistic philosopher who was intellectually sympathetic with the anti-irrationalist (as he would say), logistic and meta-theoretical inquiries of the Vienna Circle. Second was independent and lively Polish Marxism, with its fine development of social research under Krzywicki, a social anthropologist and younger contemporary of Engels, and then after the war the economist Lange, the philosophers Schaff, Kolakowski, Baczko, and many others. Finally there has been a wide range of philosophical, scientific and humanistic scholar- ship which lends its various qualities to the understanding of both the logic of science and the historical situation of the sciences: we mention only that great and humane physicist Infeld, the phenomenologist with deep epistemological interest Ingarden, the historian of scientific ideas Zawirski, the historian of philosophy and aesthetics Tatarkiewicz, and the mathematical logicians such as Mostowski and Szaniawski.
Introduction To The Theory Of Science And Metaphysics
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Author : Arthur Fairbanks
language : en
Publisher: Legare Street Press
Release Date : 2022-10-27
Introduction To The Theory Of Science And Metaphysics written by Arthur Fairbanks and has been published by Legare Street Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-27 with History categories.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.