Methanation Reaction Over Cobalt Oxide Doped Noble Metal Catalysts For The Purification Of Natural Gas
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Methanation Reaction Over Cobalt Oxide Doped Noble Metal Catalysts For The Purification Of Natural Gas
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Author : Azwati Ab. Aziz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Methanation Reaction Over Cobalt Oxide Doped Noble Metal Catalysts For The Purification Of Natural Gas written by Azwati Ab. Aziz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Catalysts categories.
Catalytic Conversion Of Carbon Monoxide And Methane Over Metal And Metal Oxide Catalysts
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Author : Wenchi Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Catalytic Conversion Of Carbon Monoxide And Methane Over Metal And Metal Oxide Catalysts written by Wenchi Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Catalysis is of vital importance in a wide range of areas including energy processing and chemical production. Catalytic conversion of C1 sources such as carbon monoxide and methane to make hydrocarbon fuels and oxygenated products has far reaching implications especially in the context of the gradual depletion of crude oil resource and the potential surge in the natural gas production in the coming decades. The control over reaction activity and selectivity for the conversion CO and CH4 in the Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) have received tremendous attention and have been proved challenging. This dissertation focuses on the catalytic conversion of CO (Fischer–Tropsch synthesis) using supported cobalt based bimetallic nanoparticle model catalysts and the oxidative coupling of methane with noble metal promoted metal oxide catalysts. Using colloidal synthesis, a series of cobalt based bimetallic nanoparticles Co–M (M = Mn, Ru, Rh, and Re) with well-defined sizes, shapes, and compositions were obtained. Detailed synthesis procedures were presented and key synthetic parameters were discussed. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to extensive in-situ X-ray spectroscopy studies using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) under catalytic relevant conditions. Composition wise, the results indicate the surface concentration of Co on the as-synthesized Co–M bimetallic particles is slightly less than the bulk atomic Co %. While oxidation treatment led to a slight increase of the surface Co, major effect was seen after the reduction treatment where surface segregation of the second metal resulted in a drastic decrease of the surface Co content. The effect is more pronounced at elevated reduction temperatures. Under reaction conditions, the surface compositions remained similar to those after the reduction treatment at high temperatures. Among the bimetallics tested, the Co–Mn system is relatively less susceptible to surface reconstructions induced by oxidation and reduction treatments. In addition, the reducibility of Co was also shown to be modified depending on the second metal present and Re was proved to be most efficient in leading to a facile reduction of Co. Catalytic performance of the bimetallic catalysts supported on mesoporous silica MCF–17 indicates a positive effect in the catalytic activity for Co–Rh and Co–Mn systems, while Co–Re and Co–Cu showed decreased activity. Less pronounced promotion effect of the second metal on the product distribution was observed with only a slight increase in the selectivity towards C5+ products. The selectivities for CH4 and C5+ of the various Co–M bimetallic catalysts generally resemble those of pure Co catalysts. Although in extremely low selectivity, alcohols were also formed with Co–Rh and Co–Cu bimetallic catalysts. The appearance of longer chain alcohol such as propanol, which was not present for pure Co catalysts, is an evidence for potential synergistic promotion. For oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), the promotion effect of noble metals (Pt, Ir, and Rh) on the performance of MnxOy-Na2WO4/MCF–17 catalysts was investigated. The introduction of noble metals had little effect on the surface area and phase composition of the original catalyst but led to a more reduced nature of the surface oxide species. Catalytic study revealed an enhanced selectivity towards both C2 and C3 hydrocarbons as compared to the undoped MnxOy-Na2WO4/MCF–17 catalyst in the order of Rh-doped > Ir-doped > Pt-doped samples together with a lower olefin to paraffin ratio. A more optimized strength of interaction between the carbon intermediates and the catalyst surface was suggested, which in combination with the improved reducibility of Mn and W species are believed to be responsible for the improved performance. In addition, monodispersed leaf-like manganese–tungsten–oxide (Mn–W–Ox) nanoparticles and hydroxylated hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) were synthesized and used as novel catalysts in OCM reaction. Preliminary results indicate that the MCF–17 supported Mn–W–Ox nanoparticle catalyst showed a CH4 conversion of 5.4% and C2 selectivity of 42% with good stability over time. On the other hand, hydroxylated h-BN exhibited good activity (~20% CH4 conversion) with moderate selectivity towards C2 hydrocarbons (20%–30%). However, the hydroxylated h-BN catalysts faced serious deactivation, which was not eliminated by lowering the reaction temperature or the oxygen concentration in the reaction gas feed.
The Partial Oxidation Of Light Hydrocarbons Over Noble Metal Catalysts At Less Than Millisecond Contact Times
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Author : Paul Matthew Witt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
The Partial Oxidation Of Light Hydrocarbons Over Noble Metal Catalysts At Less Than Millisecond Contact Times written by Paul Matthew Witt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
Methanation Catalysts
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Author : G. H. Watson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Methanation Catalysts written by G. H. Watson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Catalysts categories.
Metal Support Interaction And Electrochemical Promotion Of Nano Structured Catalysts For The Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction
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Author : Christopher Panaritis
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Metal Support Interaction And Electrochemical Promotion Of Nano Structured Catalysts For The Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction written by Christopher Panaritis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
The continued release of fossil-fuel derived carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into our atmosphere led humanity into a climate and ecological crisis. Converting CO2 into valuable chemicals and fuels will replace and diminish the need for fossil fuel-derived products. Through the use of a catalyst, CO2 can be transformed into a commodity chemical by the reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction, where CO2 reacts with renewable hydrogen (H2) to form carbon monoxide (CO). CO then acts as the source molecule in the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis to form a range of hydrocarbons to manufacture chemicals and fuels. While the FT synthesis is a mature process, the conversion of CO2 into CO has yet to be made commercially available due to the constraints associated with high reaction temperature and catalytic stability. Noble metal ruthenium (Ru) has been widely used for the RWGS reaction due to its high catalytic activity, however, several constraints hinder its practical use, associated with its high cost and its susceptibility to deactivation. The doping or bimetallic use of non-noble metals iron (Fe) and cobalt (Co) is an attractive option to lower material cost and tailor the selectivity of the CO2 conversion towards the RWGS reaction without compromising catalytic activity. Furthermore, employing nanostructured catalysts as nanoparticles is a viable solution to further lower the amount of metal used and utilize the highly active surface area of the catalyst. Dispersing nanoparticles on ionically conductive supports/solid electrolytes which contain species like O2−, H+, Na+, and K+, provide an approach to further enhance the reaction. This phenomenon is referred to as metal-support interaction (MSI), allowing for the ions to back spillover from the support and onto the catalyst surface. An in-situ approach referred to as Non-Faradaic Modification of catalytic activity (NEMCA), also known as electrochemical promotion of catalysis (EPOC) is used to in-situ control the movement of ionic species from the solid electrolyte to and away from the catalyst. Both the MSI and EPOC phenomena have been shown to be functionally equivalent, meaning the ionic species act to alter the work function of the catalyst by forming an effective neutral double layer on the surface, which in turn alters the binding energy of the reactant and intermediate species to promote the reaction. The main objective of this work is to develop a catalyst that is highly active and selective to the RWGS reaction at low temperatures (
Nickel Oxide Catalyst Doped Noble Metals For The Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide To Methane
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Author : Chia Ling Tan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Nickel Oxide Catalyst Doped Noble Metals For The Conversion Of Carbon Dioxide To Methane written by Chia Ling Tan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Methanation categories.
Gas Phase And Electrocatalytic Reaction Over Pt Pd Ions Substituted Ceo2 Tio2 Catalysts And Electronic Interaction Between Noble Metal Ions And The Reducible Oxide
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Gas Phase And Electrocatalytic Reaction Over Pt Pd Ions Substituted Ceo2 Tio2 Catalysts And Electronic Interaction Between Noble Metal Ions And The Reducible Oxide written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Nanoparticle Design And Characterization For Catalytic Applications In Sustainable Chemistry
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Author : Rafael Luque
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2019-10-05
Nanoparticle Design And Characterization For Catalytic Applications In Sustainable Chemistry written by Rafael Luque and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-05 with Science categories.
This book presents an introduction to the preparation and characterisation of nanomaterials and their design for specific catalytic applications.
Nickel And Cobalt Oxides Based Catalysts For The Methanation Reaction
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Author : Nurul Shafeeqa Mohammad
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Nickel And Cobalt Oxides Based Catalysts For The Methanation Reaction written by Nurul Shafeeqa Mohammad and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Catalysis categories.
Transition Metal Doped Rare Earth Metal Oxide Catalysts For Dry Reforming Of Methane
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Author : Bo Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Transition Metal Doped Rare Earth Metal Oxide Catalysts For Dry Reforming Of Methane written by Bo Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is an environment-friendly and sustainable chemical technique, since it converts methane and CO2, two most abundant greenhouse gases, into syngas and other high value chemical products. The most common catalyst for DRM reaction is Ni due to its low cost and high catalytic activity but Ni-based catalysts undergo severe deactivation due to coking. transition metal (TM) doped rare earth oxide catalysts have shown promise in the high catalytic activity and coking resistance ability. This thesis applies the first principles calculation method to design Ni and Zr doped CeO2 catalyst model. Density functional theory (DFT+U) method is used to generate the structure-composition-stability relationships. The distribution of Zr with multiple concentrations have been studied in the CeO2 fluorite lattice. The oxygen vacancy effect has also been examined in the bulk and surface Ni-doped CeO2 bulk and surface structure to determine the most stable configuration. The surface chemistry study of Ni-doped CeO2 surface shows that hydrocarbon over the surface is always oxidized and prefers bonding to the oxygen site rather than the Ni site. This result can thermodynamically explain the reason of catalyst coking resistance.