Mhc Class I Loss And Cancer Immune Escape
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Mhc Class I Loss And Cancer Immune Escape
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Author : Federico Garrido
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-05-28
Mhc Class I Loss And Cancer Immune Escape written by Federico Garrido and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-28 with Medical categories.
This book is about the escape strategies used by cancer cells to avoid the immune response of the host. The main characters of this story are the “Antigen Presenting Molecules” and the “T Lymphocytes”. The former are known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC): the H-2 and the HLA molecules. The latter are a subgroup of white cells travelling all over our body which are capable to distinguish between “self and non self”. Readers will know from the inside about the history of the HLA genetic system and will discover how T lymphocytes recognize and destroy cancer cells. One of the key important questions is: Why tumors arise, develop and metastasize? This book tries to answer this question and will explain how cancer cells become invisible to killer T lymphocytes. The loss of the HLA molecules is a major player in this tumor escape mechanism. Cancer immunotherapy is aimed at stimulating T lymphocytes to destroy tumor cells. However, the clinical response rate is not as high as expected. The molecular mechanisms responsible for MHC/HLA antigen loss play a crucial role in this resistance to immunotherapy. This immune escape mechanism will be discussed in different types of tumors: lung, prostate, bladder and breast...ect. as well as melanoma and lymphoma. This book will be useful to Oncologists, Pathologists and Immunologist that will enter this fascinating area of research. It will be also interesting for biologist, doctoral students and medical residents interested in “Tumor Immunology”.
Mhc Class I Antigens In Malignant Cells
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Author : Natalia Aptsiauri
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-02-26
Mhc Class I Antigens In Malignant Cells written by Natalia Aptsiauri and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-26 with Medical categories.
Abnormal expression of MHC class I molecules in malignant cells is a frequent occurrence that ranges from total loss of all class I antigens to partial loss of MHC specific haplotypes or alleles. Different mechanisms are described to be responsible for these alterations, requiring different therapeutic approaches. A complete characterization of these molecular defects is important for improvement of the strategies for the selection and follow-up of patients undergoing T-cell based cancer immunotherapy. Precise identification of the mechanism leading to MHC class I defects will help to develop new personalized patient-tailored treatment protocols. There is significant new research on the prevalence of various patterns of MHC class I defects and the underlying molecular mechanisms in different types of cancer. In contrast, few data is available on the changes in MHC class I expression during the course of cancer immunotherapy, but the authors have recently made discoveries that show the progression or regression of a tumor lesion in cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy depends on the molecular mechanism responsible for the MHC class I alteration and not on the type of immunotherapy used. According to this notion, the nature of the preexisting MHC class I lesion in the cancer cell has a crucial impact on determining the final outcome of cancer immunotherapy. This SpringerBrief will present how MHC class 1 is expressed, explain its role in tumor progression, and its role in resistance to immunotherapy.
Tumor Immunology And Immunotherapy
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Author : Robert C. Rees
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2014
Tumor Immunology And Immunotherapy written by Robert C. Rees and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Medical categories.
Tumor immunology and immunotherapy provides a comprehensive account of cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Examining recent results, current areas of interest and the specific issues that are affecting the research and development of vaccines, this book provides insight into how these problems may be overcome as viewed by leaders in the field.
Tumor Immune Escape
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Tumor Immune Escape written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Changes in HLA class I antigen and NK cell-activating ligand expression have been identified in malignant lesions. These changes are believed to play a major role in the clinical course of the disease since both HLA class I antigens and NK cell-activating ligands are critical to the interaction between tumor cells and components of both innate and adaptive immune systems. In this study, novel molecular mechanisms underlying HLA class I antigen abnormalities have been identified in melanoma cells derived from malignant melanoma lesions. They include multiple hot-spot CT deletions in the & beta;2 m gene, selective HLA-A2 allospecificity loss, and antigen processing machinery component downregulation, which underlie a HLA class I antigen loss phenotype, as well as single amino acid substitution-carrying, loss-of-functionβ 2m and combined germline/somatic tapasin gene mutations along with selective epigenetic inactivation of HLA-A locus IFN- & gamma; responsiveness, which underlie a HLA class I antigen downregulaiton phenotype. The role of NK cell-activating ligand changes in melanoma immune escape is indicated by the markedly reduced sensitivity to NK cell-mediated lysis in vitro of two of four HLA class I & minus; melanoma cell lines because of their lack of expression of MICA, a ligand for the NKG2D activating receptor. These MHC defects have potential negative impact on both cytotoxic T lymphocyte- and NK cell-mediated anti-tumor responses and thus prompted the development of active specific cancer immunotherapy targeting non-MHC molecules. To this end, the three-dimensional structural basis of tumor antigen mimicry by an anti-idiotypic (id) antibody has been elucidated at the atomic level in the high molecular weight-melanoma associated antigen (HMW-MAA) system. A single complementarity-determining region loop of anti-id antibody MK2-23, which carries the internal image of the nominal HMW-MAA epitope, represents a useful system to investigate which extent of antigen mimicry would maximize the immunogenicity of an antigen mimic. Taken together, the results of my study advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the lack of immune control of clinically evident tumors and contribute to the development of alternative cancer immunotherapeutic strategies.
Immune Mediated Diseases
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Author : Michael R Shurin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-09-23
Immune Mediated Diseases written by Michael R Shurin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-23 with Medical categories.
This volume includes contributions from the speakers of the Second IMD Congress (September 10-15, 2007; Moscow, Russia) who were eager to share some of the academic and clinical enthusiasm that defines the IMD meetings. The goal of the International Immune-Mediated Diseases: From Theory to Therapy (IMD) Congress is to bring the world’s best immunologists and clinicians to Moscow.
Mechanisms Of Tumor Escape From The Immune Response
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Author : A Ochoa
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2002-12-12
Mechanisms Of Tumor Escape From The Immune Response written by A Ochoa and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-12-12 with Medical categories.
The progressive growth of a malignant tumor is accompanied by a decline in the immune response, through mechanisms that have, until recently, been poorly understood. The new era of biological therapies, including cytokines, adoptive transfer of TIL cells, gene therapy and others, brought forth the need to understand the impact of the tumor on the immune system. Moreover, the inability to achieve in humans the unequivocal success of immunotherapy in murine models suggests the possibility that cancer can impair the development of a therapeutic immune response. Scientific and technological advances in cellular and molecular biology during the last two decades have provided new tools with which to explore the dysfunctional immune system of patients with cancer. Novel immunology concepts have provided new insights into changes occurring in tumor cells and the immune system, providing a more cohesive understanding of the process, including: *diminished or absent expression of HLA antigens and co-stimulatory molecules *arrested maturation of dentritic cells *alterations in expression of some signal transduction proteins *increased apoptosis in T and NK cells *presence of suppressor CD+4 and CD25+ T cells Mechanisms of Tumor Escape from the Immune Response provides an introduction to this rapidly developing and, as yet, unsettled area of cancer research, and will be a valuable reference for clinicians and researchers working in the field of cancer immunotherapy.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex Mhc Hla In Medicine
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Author : Federico Garrido
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
The Major Histocompatibility Complex Mhc Hla In Medicine written by Federico Garrido and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Cancer Immunotherapy At The Crossroads
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Author : James H. Finke
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-11-24
Cancer Immunotherapy At The Crossroads written by James H. Finke and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-24 with Medical categories.
Leading investigators and clinicians detail the different mechanisms used by tumors to escape and impair the immune system and then spell out possible clinical strategies to prevent or reverse tumor-induced immune dysfunction. The authors review the mechanisms of immune dysfunction and evasion mechanisms in histologically diverse human tumors, focusing on tumor-induced molecular defects in T cells and antigen-presenting cells (dendritic cells and tumors), that may serve as biomarkers for patient prognosis. They discuss the means by which these immune functions may be protected or restored in order to more effectively support the process of tumor rejection in situ. Cutting-edge techniques are outlined with the capacity to monitor the strength and quality of patients' immune responses using immunocytometry, MHC-peptide tetramers combined with apoptosis assay, ELISPOT assay, and detection of MHC-TAA peptide complexes on tumor cells.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex Mhc Hla In Medicine
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Author : Federico Garrido
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2024-07-28
The Major Histocompatibility Complex Mhc Hla In Medicine written by Federico Garrido and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-28 with Medical categories.
This book takes the reader on a journey through past and current research on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC/HLA). It describes how it was discovered, what its biological function is and its application in medicine. The reader will learn about the molecular structure of the encoded molecules and different aspects of their role in medicine, including organ transplantation, their link to autoimmune diseases, cancer immunity, resistance to infectious diseases, and other related scientific areas, such as population genetics. In particular, the book focusses on the impact of MHC/HLA altered expression in tumours and their relevance in cancer immune escape and immunotherapy. It contains a large number of original figures and photographs of pioneers in the field, who made seminal contributions. Each chapter is supported by relevant key publications and enriched with a personal account of the early research that has contributed to our current understanding of the role of the major histocompatibility complex. This book is an excellent resource for all scientists in the biomedical life sciences who wish to gain insight into the discovery of the MHC/HLA and the role of this important genetic complex in health and disease.
Holland Frei Cancer Medicine
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Author : Robert C. Bast, Jr.
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2017-03-10
Holland Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-10 with Medical categories.
Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates
