Micro Insights On The Pathways To Agricultural Transformation Comparative Evidence From Southeast Asia And Sub Saharan Africa
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Micro Insights On The Pathways To Agricultural Transformation Comparative Evidence From Southeast Asia And Sub Saharan Africa
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Author : Amare, Mulubrhan
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2023-01-27
Micro Insights On The Pathways To Agricultural Transformation Comparative Evidence From Southeast Asia And Sub Saharan Africa written by Amare, Mulubrhan and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-27 with Political Science categories.
Most studies of agricultural transformation document the impact of agricultural income growth on macroeconomic indicators of development. Much less is known about the micro-scale changes within the farming sector that signal a transformation precipitated by agricultural income growth. This study provides a comparative analysis of the patterns of micro-level changes that occur among small-holder farmers in Uganda and Malawi in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia (SEA). Our analysis provides several important insights on agricultural transformation in these two regions. First, agricultural income in all examined countries is vulnerable to changes in precipitation and temperature, an effect that is nonlinear and asymmetric. SSA countries are more vulnerable to these weather changes. Second, exogenous increases in agricultural income in previous years improve non-farm income and trigger a change in labor allocation within the rural sector in SEA. However, this is opposite in SSA where the increase in agricultural income reduces non-farm income, indicating a substitution effect between farm and non-farm sectors. These findings reveal clear agricultural transformation driven by agricultural income in SEA, but no similar evidence in SSA.
Micro Insights On The Pathways To Agricultural Transformation
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Author : Mulubrhan Amare Reda
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Micro Insights On The Pathways To Agricultural Transformation written by Mulubrhan Amare Reda and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Climate Change Income Sources Crop Mix And Input Use Decisions Evidence From Nigeria
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Author : Amare, Mulubrhan
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2023-06-02
Climate Change Income Sources Crop Mix And Input Use Decisions Evidence From Nigeria written by Amare, Mulubrhan and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-02 with Political Science categories.
This paper combines panel data from nationally representative household-level surveys in Nigeria with long-term satellite-based spatial data on temperature and precipitation using geo-referenced information related to households. It aims to quantify the impacts of climate change on agricultural productivity, income shares, crop mix, and input use decisions. We measure climate change in harmful degree days, growing degree days, and changes in precipitation using long-term (30 year) changes in temperature and precipitation anomalies during the crop calendars. We find that, controlling for other factors, a 15 percent (one standard deviation) increase in change in harmful degree days leads to a decrease in agricultural productivity of 5.22 percent on average. Similarly, precipitation change has resulted in a significant and negative impact on agricultural productivity. Our results further show that the change in harmful degree days decreases the income share from crops and nonfarm self-employment, while it increases the income share from livestock and wage employment. Examining possible transmission channels for this effect, we find that farmers change their crop mix and input use to respond to climate changes, for instance reducing fertilizer use and seed purchases as a response to increases in extreme heat. Based on our findings, we suggest policy interventions that incentivize adoption of climate-resilient agriculture, such as small-scale irrigation and livelihood diversification. We also propose targeted pro-poor interventions, such as low-cost financing options for improving smallholders’ access to climate-proof agricultural inputs and technologies, and policy measures to reduce the inequality of access to livelihood capital such as land and other productive assets.
Climate Risks And Damage Abatement Effects Of Pesticides Evidence Based On Four Wave Panel Data In Nigeria
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Author : Takeshima, Hiroyuki
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2023-11-27
Climate Risks And Damage Abatement Effects Of Pesticides Evidence Based On Four Wave Panel Data In Nigeria written by Takeshima, Hiroyuki and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-27 with Political Science categories.
Managing biotic stress, such as pests, diseases, and weeds, remain critical in enhancing the productivity of agrifood systems in developing countries, including Nigeria. The public sector continues to seek solutions for efficient and effective measures for addressing these biotic stresses, ranging from varietal technologies, improved crop husbandry, and the application of agrochemicals. The field-level evidence remains scarce regarding the effectiveness of these measures in developing countries like Nigeria. Furthermore, increasing climate uncertainty poses further challenges in identifying effective measures. This study assesses the damage abatement effects of agrochemicals in Nigeria and how these effects are affected by weather shocks. We extend the standard damage abatement framework to 4 waves of farm panel data to minimize the potential bias due to the endogeneity in agrochemical use decisions. Our results indicate that weather shocks have significant effects. In particular, rising nighttime minimum temperatures above 20 ℃ have significantly increased damage abatement effects of pesticides in Nigeria. This is possibly because of increased pest activities induced by the warmer nighttime temperatures, which, in the absence of pesticide uses, would cause more significant damage to crops. These results hold for all crops combined, as well as individual crops, including cowpea and maize, for which Nigeria has intensified its effort in pest control through both agrochemicals and Bt varieties in recent years.
The Economic Importance Of Cowpea In Nigeria Trends And Implications For Achieving Agri Food System Transformation
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Author : Nwagboso, Chibuzo
language : en
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Release Date : 2024-03-04
The Economic Importance Of Cowpea In Nigeria Trends And Implications For Achieving Agri Food System Transformation written by Nwagboso, Chibuzo and has been published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-04 with Political Science categories.
Nigeria is the largest producer of cowpea in the world and one of the highest consumers. This paper documents the challenges in cowpea production and consumption, export, and import trends in Nigeria. The critical and comparative review reveals several important insights. Cowpea is important for households and communities due to its substantial contributions to food security, nutrition, and revenue production. It plays a pivotal role in supporting various stakeholders involved in the value chain, including producers, processors, traders, and food vendors. Thus, cowpea is a crucial multipurpose crop. Although Nigeria is the largest producer of cowpea in the world, with a total production of 3.6 million tons in 2021, the demand for cowpea surpasses its supply due to factors such as the country's large population and low productivity. We describe the main challenges encountered in Nigeria's cowpea production, encompassing a range of issues such as high susceptibility to pests and diseases from planting to storage phases, low adoption of improved cowpea seed varieties, poor soil fertility, drought, and heat stress. The data suggest that low input use, low-yield varieties, and low productivity characterize the current level of cowpea production. Our findings suggest the need for tailored strategies to support the adoption of improved cowpea varieties in Nigeria to increase domestic production, adherence to quality standards, exploration of international markets for export opportunities, and ultimately, household income and improve nutritional outcomes.
Agriculture Food Systems To 2050 Global Trends Challenges And Opportunities
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Author : Rachid Serraj
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2018-11-08
Agriculture Food Systems To 2050 Global Trends Challenges And Opportunities written by Rachid Serraj and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-08 with Business & Economics categories.
This book features a comprehensive foresight assessment, exploring the pressures — threats as well as opportunities — on the global agriculture & food systems between now and 2050. The overarching aim is to help readers understand the context, by analyzing global trends and anticipating change for better planning and constructing pathways from the present to the future by focusing on the right questions and problems. The book contextualizes the role of international agricultural research in addressing the complex challenges posed by UN 2030 Agenda and beyond, and identifies the decisions that scientific leaders, donors and policy makers need to take today, and in the years ahead, to ensure that a global population rising to nine billion or more combined with rising incomes and changing diets can be fed sustainably and equitably, in the face of the growing climate threats.
Agriculture Diversification And Gender In Rural Africa
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Author : Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018
Agriculture Diversification And Gender In Rural Africa written by Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Business & Economics categories.
This book contributes to the understanding of smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa through addressing the dynamics of intensification and diversification within and outside agriculture in contexts where women have much poorer access to agrarian resources than men.
Agricultural Development In China And Africa
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Author : Xiaoyun Li
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012
Agricultural Development In China And Africa written by Xiaoyun Li and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Business & Economics categories.
First Published in 2011. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization A Framework For Africa
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Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
language : en
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
Release Date : 2019-03-13
Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization A Framework For Africa written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and has been published by Food & Agriculture Org. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This framework presents ten interrelated principles/elements to guide Sustainable Agricultural Mechanization in Africa (SAMA). Further, it presents the technical issues to be considered under SAMA and the options to be analysed at the country and sub regional levels. The ten key elements required in a framework for SAMA are as follows: The analysis in the framework calls for a specific approach, involving learning from other parts of the world where significant transformation of the agricultural mechanization sector has already occurred within a three-to-four decade time frame, and developing policies and programmes to realize Africa’s aspirations of Zero Hunger by 2025. This approach entails the identification and prioritization of relevant and interrelated elements to help countries develop strategies and practical development plans that create synergies in line with their agricultural transformation plans. Given the unique characteristics of each country and the diverse needs of Africa due to the ecological heterogeneity and the wide range of farm sizes, the framework avoids being prescriptive.
Women S Economic Empowerment
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Author : Kate Grantham
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-03-04
Women S Economic Empowerment written by Kate Grantham and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-04 with Social Science categories.
This book investigates the barriers to women’s economic empowerment in the Global South. Drawing on evidence from a wide range of countries, the book outlines important lessons and practical solutions for promoting gender equality. Despite global progress in closing gender gaps in education and health, women’s economic empowerment has lagged behind, with little evidence that economic growth promotes gender equality. International Development Research Centre’s (IDRC) Growth and Economic Opportunities for Women (GrOW) programme was set up to provide policy lessons, insights, and concrete solutions that could lead to advances in gender equality, particularly on the role of institutions and macroeconomic growth, barriers to labour market access for women, and the impact of women’s care responsibilities. This book showcases rigorous and multi-disciplinary research emerging from this ground-breaking programme, covering topics such as the school-to-work transition, child marriage, unpaid domestic work and childcare, labour market segregation, and the power of social and cultural norms that prevent women from fully participating in better paid sectors of the economy. With a range of rich case studies from Burkina Faso, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, India, Kenya, Nepal, Rwanda, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, and Uganda, this book is perfect for students, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers working on women’s economic empowerment and gender equality in the Global South.