Mineral Water Interfacial Reactions
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Mineral Water Interfacial Reactions
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Author : Donald L. Sparks
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Mineral Water Interfacial Reactions written by Donald L. Sparks and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Science categories.
Clearly explains how to more effectively decipher and predict contaminant fate in the environment by combining kinetic methods and molecular-scale spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to analyze mineral/water interfacial reactions in situ. The book begins with a broad overview, then continues with three sections written by internationally known expert. The first deals specifically with spectroscopic/microscopic techniques that can be used in combination with macroscopic approaches to glean mechanistic information on mineral/water reactions and processes. The second section emphasizes computer models that are used to elucidate surface mediated reaction mechanisms. The remainder of the volume is organized around reaction type, including sorption/desorption of inorganic species, sorption/desorption of organic species, precipitation/dissolution processes, heterogeneous electron transfer reactions, photochemically driven reactions, and microbially mediated reactions. Mineral-Water Interfacial Reactions will be a valuable resource for environmental scientists, geochemists, soil chemists, microbiologists, and marine engineers who need to be familiar with the most current and effective methods for testing and controlling the mobility, speciation, and bioavailability of contaminants in the environment.
Mineral Water Interface Geochemistry
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Author : Michael F. Hochella
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-12-17
Mineral Water Interface Geochemistry written by Michael F. Hochella and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Science categories.
Volume 23 of Reviews in Mineralogy and accompanying MSA short course covers chemical reactions that take place at mineral-water interfaces. We believe that this book describes most of the important concepts and contributions that have driven mineral-water interface geochemistry to its present state. We begin in Chapter 1 with examples of the global importance of mineral-water interface reactions and a brief review of the contents of the entire book. Thereafter, we have divided the book into four sections, including atomistic approaches (Chapters 2- 3), adsorption (Chapters 4-8), precipitation and dissolution (Chapters 9-11), and oxidation-reduction reactions (Chapters 11-14).
Reactions At The Mineral Water Interface Affecting Lead Mobility In Soil And Sediments
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Author : Liyun Xie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Reactions At The Mineral Water Interface Affecting Lead Mobility In Soil And Sediments written by Liyun Xie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Phosphate addition to lead contaminated soil can be a cost-effective method for in situ remediation. This project focused on the effects of phosphate on lead reactions at the mineral-water interface. First, the pH dependence of the equilibrium solubility and dissolution rates of chloropyromorphite (CPY, Pb5(PO4)3Cl) were determined. Synthetic CPY was more soluble than predicted for pure CPY, which may be due to the low crystallinity of the synthetic material and the presence of a trace amount of lead hydroxide. A general rate law was developed that can predict the CPY dissolution rate as a function of pH and solution saturation. Second, lead and phosphate co-sorption on goethite-coated and uncoated quartz sand was investigated and interpreted with a surface complexation model. Lead immobilization on goethite-coated sand was enhanced by phosphate, and the enhancement was predicted by the combination of single sorbate surface complexation models. Although the model predicted that adsorption was the dominant uptake mechanism, uptake may be controlled by the relative rates of precipitation and adsorption reactions. Slow sorption was observed during co-sorption of lead and phosphate on goethite-coated sand from 1 day to 1 month; slow sorption indicates slow chemical reactions, including ternary surface complexation or surface precipitation. Finally, phosphate-induced lead immobilization was evaluated using the biogenic nanocrystalline apatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH (s)) in fish bone. Dissolved lead concentrations dropped significantly upon reaction with fish bones. The mechanism of lead immobilization (precipitation vs. adsorption) was affected by the ratio of the total lead concentration to the surface area of the solid phosphate phase.
Iron Oxide Mineral Water Interface Reactions Studied By Afm
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Iron Oxide Mineral Water Interface Reactions Studied By Afm written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
Dissolution Kinetics Of Sulfate Minerals
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Author : Sweta Bose
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Dissolution Kinetics Of Sulfate Minerals written by Sweta Bose and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Dissolution (Chemistry) categories.
Exploring Reactivity In Aqueous Solutions And At Mineral Water Interfaces Through The Lens Of Rare Event Theory Atomic Scale Simulations
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Author : Nikhil Rampal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Exploring Reactivity In Aqueous Solutions And At Mineral Water Interfaces Through The Lens Of Rare Event Theory Atomic Scale Simulations written by Nikhil Rampal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Results show increasing barriers at higher concentrations, indicating hindered reaction dynamics with ions assuming locally favored molecular entities with no evidence of extended networks of ions (or DOLLOPs: Dynamically ordered liquid-like oxyanion polymers). This, in turn, controls the solution structure and alters the reaction kinetics in highly concentrated solutions, thereby frustrating nucleation. To explore the formation of these precursors in low-solubility minerals, this approach is expanded from a fundamental model of solution-phase precursor formation to the nucleation and formation of solid-phases using constant chemical potential MD simulations along with well-tempered metadynamics. Transitioning to heterogeneous nucleation, it becomes imperative to decipher the interfacial structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of impurity incorporation on mineral-water surfaces to understand the underlying chemical reactions responsible for ion exchange, mechanism of adsorption, and mineral dissolution and growth.
Thermodynamics And Kinetics Of Water Rock Interaction
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Author : Eric H. Oelkers
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2018-12-17
Thermodynamics And Kinetics Of Water Rock Interaction written by Eric H. Oelkers and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-17 with Science categories.
Volume 70 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry represents an extensive review of the material presented by the invited speakers at a short course on Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Water-Rock Interaction held prior to the 19th annual V. M. Goldschmidt Conference in Davos, Switzerland (June 19-21, 2009). Contents: Thermodynamic Databases for Water-Rock Interaction Thermodynamics of Solid Solution-Aqueous Solution Systems Mineral Replacement Reactions Thermodynamic Concepts in Modeling Sorption at the Mineral-Water Interface Surface Complexation Modeling: Mineral Fluid Equilbria at the Molecular Scale The Link Between Mineral Dissolution/Precipitation Kinetics and Solution Chemistry Organics in Water-Rock Interactions Mineral Precipitation Kinetics Towards an Integrated Model of Weathering, Climate, and Biospheric Processes Approaches to Modeling Weathered Regolith Fluid-Rock Interaction: A Reactive Transport Approach Geochemical Modeling of Reaction Paths and Geochemical Reaction Networks
Chemistry Of The Solid Water Interface
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Author : Werner Stumm
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 1992-08-04
Chemistry Of The Solid Water Interface written by Werner Stumm and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-08-04 with Science categories.
Provides an introduction to the chemistry of the solid-water interface, progressing from the simple to more complex and applied. Discusses the important interfaces in natural systems, especially geochemistry, in natural waters, soils and sediments. The processes occurring at mineral-water, particle-water and organism-water interfaces play critical roles in regulating the composition and ecology of oceans and fresh waters, the development of soils and plant nutrient's supply, preserving the integrity of water repositories and in such applications as water technology and corrosion science.
Geochemical Rate Processes At Mineral Water Interfaces
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Geochemical Rate Processes At Mineral Water Interfaces written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The project emphasis at WSU is on the understanding of the principal influences on surface chemistry, morphology, and kinetics of reactions of minerals in aqueous solutions. This emphasis, in the last project period has guided our efforts to the study of morphological relaxation in response to solution perturbations as well as to develop a methodology for creating on-demand etch pits for the purposes of generating specific step orientations on calcite surfaces. In the response of any mineral-water interface to changes in environmental conditions, dissolution and mineralization rates undergo rapid changes because the reaction rates at step edges are governed directly by these conditions. Our previous investigations of mineral dissolution have revealed that the topographic relaxation time under near equilibrium conditions can be much longer than the characteristic times of experimental investigations. The investigations described below are directed towards evaluating the effects of sample history, miscut and pretreatment on the observed dissolution behavior of our target mineral-water interface systems. In addition, we have developed a simple method for generating on-demand etch pits for the purposes of studying kinetically unstable step orientations.
Photoelectrochemistry At The Mineral Water Interface And Naturally Occurring Two Layer Solar Cells
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Author : Jennifer Rose Morey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Photoelectrochemistry At The Mineral Water Interface And Naturally Occurring Two Layer Solar Cells written by Jennifer Rose Morey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Photochemistry categories.
Sunlight driven chemical reactions occurring at the mineral/water interface may be an underappreciated contributor to low temperature geochemical cycles. Water oxidation and hydrogen reduction reactions occurring in water have the capacity to generate highly reactive oxygen species in the water, which can further react with dissolved organic and inorganic molecules to drive geochemical cycles. Semiconducting oxides and sulfides can absorb sunlight to form such species. In this study, two sulfide minerals (pyrite and marcasite) and natively grown oxidation layers are studied with electrochemical characterization techniques to assess the impact of photochemical reactions occurring at the mineral/water interface. The band gap of pyrite was determined to be 0.95 eV by using a novel approach of measurement across a wide pH range; consistent with literature measurements. Results for band edge position shifts are consistent with the Nernst Equation, which supports the validity of the measured values and technique. These techniques are highly applicable to many aqueous geologic systems and could be extended to many other semiconducting minerals. Implications for solar energy are also discussed.