Modeling Mantle Convection
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Modeling Mantle Convection
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Author : David A. Yuen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Modeling Mantle Convection written by David A. Yuen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Convection (Meteorology) categories.
Modeling Mantle Convection Using An Internal State Variable Model Framework
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Author : Jesse Andrew Sherburn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Modeling Mantle Convection Using An Internal State Variable Model Framework written by Jesse Andrew Sherburn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Deformations (Mechanics) categories.
In the current study we developed an internal state variable (ISV) model based on the Bammann inelasticity internal state variable model (BIISV) to include damage, recrystallization, and texture development, which we then implemented into a mantle convection code, TERRA2D, to incorporate higher fidelity material behavior into mantle convection simulations. With experimental stress strain data found in the literature model constants for the BIISV model were determined for a number of geologic materials. The BIISV model was shown to be far superior to the steady state power law model currently used by the geologic community to capture the deformation of geologic materials. Once implemented and verified in TERRA2D the BIISV model revealed locations of hardened material that behaved like diverters in the cold thermal boundary layer that the power law model could never produce. These hardened regions could be a plausible reason for the current subduction zones present on the earth. We then altered the BIISV model equation to include the effects of damage, recrystallization, and texture development in order to model possible weakening mechanisms in the cold thermal boundary layer of the mantle. Inclusion of damage and recrystallization allowed the cold thermal boundary layer to mobilize and plunge downward into the hotter region below. Texture development increased the intensity of rotational flow within the hotter zone as cold boundary material plunged downward which aided in destabilizing the cold upper thermal boundary layer. The inclusion of an internal state variable model with damage, recrystallization, and texture development represents a significant advancement in handling deformational physics for mantle phenomena in a comprehensive, unified, and automatic manner.
Numerical Modeling Of Viscoplastic Mantle Convection With Damage Rheology To Investigate Dynamics Of Plate Tectonics
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Author : Erin Heilman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Numerical Modeling Of Viscoplastic Mantle Convection With Damage Rheology To Investigate Dynamics Of Plate Tectonics written by Erin Heilman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Mantle plumes are typically considered secondary features of mantle convection, yet their surface effects over Earth's evolution may have been significant. We use 2-D convection models to show that mantle plumes can in fact cause the termination of a subduction zone. This extreme case of plume-slab interaction is found when the slab is readily weakened, e.g. by damage-type rheology, and the subducting slab is young. We posit that this mechanism may be relevant particularly for the early Earth, and more generally, plume "talk back" to subduction zones may make plate tectonics more episodic in certain cases. When these models are carried out in a 3-D geometry, we see the same plume-slab terminations take place and can observe the effect of lateral extent on the dynamics. We examine the dynamics of these terminations through their geometry, frequency, and effect on the surface. By varying the proportion of internal heating, we show the effect of mantle temperature on the efficacy of plume-slab terminations and draw parallels to the evolution of the Earth's mantle temperature. A subdued version of these plume-slab interactions may remain relevant for past and modern subduction zones. Such core-mantle boundary – surface interactions may be behind some of the complexity of tomographically imaged mantle structure, e.g., for South America. Continuing the exploration of our damage rheology, we investigate spreading ridges, which are another feature integral to plate tectonics. We carry out 3-D internally heated mantle convection modeling to produce discrete spreading ridges and transform faults in a freely convecting model. The inclusion of damage in these models allows for transform faults to develop more easily than in previous modeling attempts. We vary the strength of the damage in its weakening and healing proportions to understand the effect on the dynamics and lifespan of the transform faults. These transform faults match well with observations from Earth, and as a result these models are a stepping stone to a new class of global mantle convection modeling
Mantle Convection And Surface Expressions
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Author : Hauke Marquardt
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-07-07
Mantle Convection And Surface Expressions written by Hauke Marquardt and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-07 with Science categories.
A multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth's mantle The convective motion of material in Earth's mantle, powered by heat from the deep interior of our planet, drives plate tectonics at the surface, generating earthquakes and volcanic activity. It shapes our familiar surface landscapes, and also stabilizes the oceans and atmosphere on geologic timescales. Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions brings together perspectives from observational geophysics, numerical modelling, geochemistry, and mineral physics to build a holistic picture of the deep Earth. It explores the dynamic processes occurring in the mantle as well as the associated heat and material cycles. Volume highlights include: Perspectives from different scientific disciplines with an emphasis on exploring synergies Current state of the mantle, its physical properties, compositional structure, and dynamic evolution Transport of heat and material through the mantle as constrained by geophysical observations, geochemical data and geodynamic model predictions Surface expressions of mantle dynamics and its control on planetary evolution and habitability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Development And Application Of High Performance Software For Mantle Convection Modeling
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Author : Jens Weismüller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Development And Application Of High Performance Software For Mantle Convection Modeling written by Jens Weismüller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Global Mantle Convection Models
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Author : Hans-Peter Bunge
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Global Mantle Convection Models written by Hans-Peter Bunge and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with categories.
Mathematical Modeling And Numerical Simulation Of Earth S Mantle Convection
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Author : Masahisa Tabata
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Mathematical Modeling And Numerical Simulation Of Earth S Mantle Convection written by Masahisa Tabata and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Iterative Solvers For Modeling Mantle Convection With Strongly Varying Viscosity
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Author : Christoph Köstler
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Iterative Solvers For Modeling Mantle Convection With Strongly Varying Viscosity written by Christoph Köstler and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Constraints On Mantle Convection From Seismic Tomography And Flow Modeling
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Author : Hrafnkell Kárason
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Constraints On Mantle Convection From Seismic Tomography And Flow Modeling written by Hrafnkell Kárason and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
In this thesis I combine high resolution seismic tomography and realistic flow modeling to constrain mantle convection. The bulk of the data used in the tomographic imaging are millions of P, pP and pwP travel time residuals, read from high frequency seismic records. The distribution of earthquakes and stations results in uneven data coverage and to improve the model I use core phases (PKP, Pdiff) for the deep mantle and surface reflected phases (PP) for the shallow mantle. Since narrow rays are not adequate for low frequency measurements, I construct broad 3-D sensitivity kernels to relate some of the added data to earth's structure. Furthermore, the parameterization of the tomographic model is adapted to data density and the model shows, among other details, the varying style of subduction in the shallow mantle and complex flow patterns around the transition zone between the upper and lower mantle. I develop a novel and efficient method of modeling buoyancy driven mantle flow in spherical geometry. Here, the linear Stokes equation is solved using a Green's function approach and 3-D surfaces, representing the boundaries of dense material, such as subducting slabs, are tracked through time.
Glacial Isostasy Sea Level And Mantle Rheology
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Author : R. Sabadini
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Glacial Isostasy Sea Level And Mantle Rheology written by R. Sabadini and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
by K. Lambeck, R. Sabadini and E. B08Chi Viscosity is one of the important material properties of the Earth, controlling tectonic and dynamic processes such as mantle convection, isostasy, and glacial rebound. Yet it remains a poorly resolved parameter and basic questions such as whether the planet's response to loading is linear or non-linear, or what are its depth and lateral variations remain uncertain. Part of the answer to such questions lies in laboratory observations of the rheology of terrestrial materials. But the extrapolation of such measurements from the laboratory environment to the geological environment is a hazardous and vexing undertaking, for neither the time scales nor the strain rates characterizing the geological processes can be reproduced in the laboratory. General rules for this extrapolation are that if deformation is observed in the laboratory at a particular temperature, deformation in geological environments will occur at a much reduced temperature, and that if at laboratory strain rates a particular deformation mechanism dominates over all others, the relative importance of possible mechanisms may be quite different at the geologically encountered strain rates. Hence experimental results are little more than guidelines as to how the Earth may respond to forces on long time scales.