Modeling Nutrient Intake
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Modeling Nutrient Intake
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Author : Jayachandran N. Variyam
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Modeling Nutrient Intake written by Jayachandran N. Variyam and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Fiber in human nutrition categories.
Modeling Nutrient Intake
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Author : Jayachandran N. Variyam
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Modeling Nutrient Intake written by Jayachandran N. Variyam and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Nutrition categories.
Mathematical Modeling In Nutrition And The Health Sciences
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Author : Janet A. Novotny
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Mathematical Modeling In Nutrition And The Health Sciences written by Janet A. Novotny and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
This volume is the proceedings of the 7th Mathematical Modeling in Experimental Nutrition Conference held at Penn State University July 29 until August 1, 2000. The book addresses the determination of optimal intakes of nutrients and food components to provide lifelong health and reduce incidence of disease. Mathematical modelling provides a means of rigorously defining the functions of a system and using a variety of conditions to stimulate responses. This volume presents the newest advances in modelling and related experimental techniques required to meet the new challenges currently facing nutrition and biological science.
Modeling The Impact Of Diet On Consumer Nutrient And Non Nutrient Intake Using Linear Programming And Probabilistic Techniques
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Author : Josh Michael Katz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Modeling The Impact Of Diet On Consumer Nutrient And Non Nutrient Intake Using Linear Programming And Probabilistic Techniques written by Josh Michael Katz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Consumers are often influenced by dietary recommendations developed by government and advocacy groups. These recommendations have, at times, been based on food or dietary attributes in lieu of a robust scientific study. The aim of this dissertation was to develop a scientifically rigorous methodology to base consumer dietary recommendations; the following three objectives were: 1) develop methodology to compare the consumer pesticide exposure from consumption of imported versus domestic fruits and vegetables, 2) investigate consumer pesticide exposure from consumption of twelve commodities alleged to have the highest contamination levels, and 3) develop a flexible methodology to model specific diets for nutritional and toxicological assessment. The objectives are described in articles 1-3 and below. For the research included in the first article, probabilistic techniques were used to model consumer pesticide exposure. Results from government fruit and vegetable monitoring for pesticide residues have demonstrated a higher percentage of violative residues from imported versus domestic samples. Since the percentage of violative residues does not consider risk to human health, this research employed an exposure metric that accounts for the quantity of the pesticide consumed in the diet per kilogram body weight and that can be compared to the Reference Dose (RfD), which represents a level of toxicological concern. Additionally, probabilistic techniques were employed which address the variability in food consumption and chemical composition. Pesticide exposure estimates from the consumption of domestic fruits and vegetables were significantly greater than estimates from the consumption of imported fruits and vegetables for 11 of the 15 pesticides used, including the top 5: phenylphenol, permethrin, thiabendazole, carbaryl, and dicloran. Higher pesticide exposure from the consumption of domestic fruits and vegetables compared to the consumption of imported fruits and vegetables demonstrates the value of using science-based statistical and comparative methods when evaluating the potential health risks from the consumption of two different diets. The research described in the second article estimates consumer pesticide exposure from the consumption of 12 commodities that allegedly contained the greatest levels of pesticides, reported by an environmental advocacy group. Pesticide exposure estimates were developed for the 10 most frequent pesticides detected for each of the twelve commodities. The results demonstrated that the RfD values for each of the 120 commodity/pesticide combinations exceeded the exposure estimates in all cases and that the RfD's were more than 1000 times greater than the exposure estimates in more than 90 percent of the comparisons; thus, the consumption of the 12 commodities pose a negligible health risk. As with the first modeling work, this research used probabilistic exposure techniques and a science-based human health reference to evaluate the representation that certain foods may negatively affect the consumer's health. The research in the third article describes the modeling of consumer acrylamide intake from the consumption of a guideline based and Western diet. Probabilistic dietary estimates of acrylamide intake were generated to test a government recommendation that a reduction in consumer acrylamide intake could be achieved from the consumption of a guideline based diet. Linear programming techniques were used to optimize the Western diets yielding guideline based diets. The guideline based diets were nutritionally superior to the Western diets, although they contained significantly higher acrylamide. Higher acrylamide intake resulted from increased consumption of breakfast cereals which contain a desirable high density of whole grains and fiber, yet an undesirable high density of acrylamide. The higher acrylamide intake estimated from a guideline based diet when compared to acrylamide intake from a Western diet demonstrates the value of employing linear programming to generate specific diets for the assessment of risk and nutritional adequacy. The research described in the three articles demonstrates the following: 1) probabilistic assessment demonstrated higher pesticide exposure from consumption of domestic fruits and vegetables compared to consumption of imported fruits and vegetables for 10 of 15 pesticides including the top 5, 2) negligible consumer risk was demonstrated with the probabilistic assessment of pesticide exposures from consumption of twelve commodities alleged to have the highest contamination levels, and 3) linear programming was employed to model Western and guideline based diets for the assessment of consumer intake of nutrients and acrylamide. The guideline based diets were nutritionally superior to the Western diets, although they contained significantly higher acrylamide.
Mathematical Modeling In Experimental Nutrition
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Author : Andrew J. Clifford
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-21
Mathematical Modeling In Experimental Nutrition written by Andrew J. Clifford and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-21 with Science categories.
Nutrients have been recognized as essential for maximum growth, successful reproduction, and infection prevention since the 1940s; since that time, the lion's share of nutrient research has focused on defining their role in these processes. Around 1990, however, a major shift began in the way that researchers viewed some nutrients particularly the vitamins. This shift was motivated by the discovery that modest declines in vitamin nutritional status are associated with an increased risk of ill-health and disease (such as neural tube defects, heart disease, and cancer), especially in those populations or individuals who are genetically predisposed. In an effort to expand upon this new understanding of nutrient action, nutritionists are increasingly turning their focus to the mathematical modeling of nutrient kinetic data. The availability of suitably-tagged (isotope) nutrients (such as B-carotene, vitamin A, folate, among others), sensitive analytical methods to trace them in humans (mass spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry), and powerful software (capable of solving and manipulating differential equations efficiently and accurately), has allowed researchers to construct mathematical models aimed at characterizing the dynamic and kinetic behavior of key nutrients in vivo in humans at an unparalleled level of detail.
P3 38 05 Diet Modeling Showed That Local Foods Can Secure Nutrient Adequacy Except For Iron In 19 30 Years Urban Egyptian Women
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Author : Chloe Brouzes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
P3 38 05 Diet Modeling Showed That Local Foods Can Secure Nutrient Adequacy Except For Iron In 19 30 Years Urban Egyptian Women written by Chloe Brouzes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Growing urbanization and rapid changes in dietary patterns and lifestyle led to a nutrition transition in several Arabic countries, including Egypt. While Egyptian women have one of the highest mean body mass index worldwide, they also suffer from several micronutrient deficiencies, more particularly iron and vitamin D. The objective of this study was to identify changes needed in dietary practices and product offer, which could help to rebalance energy and nutrient intakes for women living in urban Egypt. Food intakes were obtained from a 4-days dietary record in 130 women aged 19-30 years from urban Egypt. Food prices were collected in modern and traditional trades typical from middle socio-economic classes in Cairo to calculate diet cost. Modeling analyses (with Optifood software) were used to identify problem nutrients and design affordable food-based recommendations (FBRs). The study assessed whether the most consumed foods (i.e. consumed by >5% of women) could theoretically ensure nutrient adequacy under the mean diet cost, without exceeding recommendations in energy, SFAs, sugars and sodium. The potential of fortified foods to improve intakes of the most problematic micronutrient to cover was tested in additional modeling analyses. Preliminary results from modeling analyses indicate that iron appeared as the most limiting nutrient with locally consumed foods. Daily consumption of fruits, vegetables, milk or yoghurt, and tahini (sesame paste) associated with specific food choices in the meat-fish-eggs category would result in a low percentage of women at risk of inadequate intakes for 11 out of 12 modeled micronutrients. Among the fortifiedfoods tested, iron fortified bread, rice, milk or yoghurt are the most promising vectors. Local and consumed foods allow to meet nutrient adequacy for most nutrients except iron, for which fortified products would be required. Tailored strategies are needed to promote acceptable FBRs (and fortified products) and secure that nutrient requirements are met by most Egyptian women.
Modelling Nutrient Digestion And Utilisation In Farm Animals
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Author : D. Sauvant
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-05-02
Modelling Nutrient Digestion And Utilisation In Farm Animals written by D. Sauvant and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-02 with Science categories.
For more than 30 years, modelling has been an important method for integrating, in a flexible, comprehensive and widely applicable way, basic knowledge and biological concepts on digestion and metabolism in farm animals. The purpose of this book is to present the 'state of art' in this area. The chapters are written by leading teams and researchers in this field of study, mainly from Europe, North America and Australasia. Considerable progress has been made in topics dealing with: modelling methods, feeding behaviour, digestion and metabolic processes in ruminants and monogastric animals. This progress is clearly illustrated by the emergence of a new paradigm in animal nutrition, which has moved from the aim to cover the requirements of the animal to explaining and predicting the responses of the animals to diets (e.g., productivity and efficiency, impact on quality of products, environmental aspects, health and well-being). In this book several chapters illustrate that through empirical models, meta-analysis is an efficient tool to synthesize information gathered over recent decades. In addition, compared with other books on modelling farm animal nutrition, two new aspects received particular attention: expanding knowledge of the individual animal to understanding the functioning and management of herds, and the consideration of the environmental impact of animal production. This book is a valuable source of information for researchers, nutritionists, advisors, and graduate students who want to have up-to-date and concise information on mathematical modelling applied to farm animals.
Nutrient Adequacy
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Author : Subcommittee on Criteria for Dietary Evaluation
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986-01-15
Nutrient Adequacy written by Subcommittee on Criteria for Dietary Evaluation and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-01-15 with Health & Fitness categories.
Abstract: A special US National Research Council subcommittee report for food and nutrition scientists, prepared at the request of the USDA, provides the findings of a study of the criteria used to evaluate data on dietary intake. Attention is focused on: the use of nutrient requirements for dietary evaluation; the use of short-term dietary intake data for estimating typical dietary intakes; the use of a probability approach for estimating the prevalence of nutrient intake adequacy; the assessment of excess intake and nutrient energy ratios; errors in assessing nutrient intakes; and the modeling of sources of error. Specific conclusions and recommendations are summarized and elaborated, and statistical approaches and criteria are provided in 5 appendices.
Structural Equation Models To Evaluate Nutrient Intake Measurements
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Structural Equation Models To Evaluate Nutrient Intake Measurements written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Mathematical Modelling In Animal Nutrition
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Author : J. France
language : en
Publisher: CABI
Release Date : 2008
Mathematical Modelling In Animal Nutrition written by J. France and has been published by CABI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The primary purpose of each of the subsequent chapters of this book is to promulgate quantitative approaches concerned with elucidating mechanisms in a particular area of the nutrition of ruminants, pigs, poultry, fish or pets. Given the diverse scientific backgrounds of the contributors of each chapter (the chapters in the book are arranged according to subject area), the imposition of a rigid format for presenting mathematical material has been eschewed, though basic mathematical conventions are adhered to.