Modeling Safety And Traffic Operations At Freeway Weaving Sections
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Modeling Safety And Traffic Operations At Freeway Weaving Sections
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Author : Joseph Fazio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Modeling Safety And Traffic Operations At Freeway Weaving Sections written by Joseph Fazio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.
Application Of Microscopic Simulation To Evaluate The Safety Performance Of Freeway Weaving Sections
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Author : Thanh Quang Le
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Application Of Microscopic Simulation To Evaluate The Safety Performance Of Freeway Weaving Sections written by Thanh Quang Le and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
This study adopted the traffic conflict technique, investigated and applied it for evaluation of freeway weaving section safety performance. Conflicts between vehicles were identified based on the state of interactions between vehicles in the traffic stream at microscopic level. The VISSIM microscopic simulation model was employed to simulate traffic operation. Surrogate safety measures were formulated based on deceleration rate required to avoid crash and these simulation-based measures were statistically compared and validated using crash data collected from the same study site. Three study sites located in Houston and Dallas areas were selected. Geometric and traffic data were collected using various technique including the use of traffic surveillance cameras and pneumatic tubes. The study revealed the existence of links between actually observed crashes and the surrogate safety measures. The study findings support the possible the use of microscopic simulation to evaluate safety performance of weaving areas and other transportation facilities.
Modeling Capacity
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Author : Sheida Khademi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Modeling Capacity written by Sheida Khademi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Express highway interchanges categories.
Systematic, well-designed research provides the most effective approach to the solution of many problems facing highway administrators and engineers. Traffic congestion on freeway systems is one significant concern in urban areas throughout the U.S.A. In this era, building new freeways to reduce congestion is less feasible due to the high capital and social costs. Thus, the effective management and operation of existing freeway facilities has become a preferred approach to reduce traffic congestion.A weaving section is a common design on major highway facilities that always has been an interest to researchers. Weaving areas are characterized by frequent lane changes, which significantly reduce the capacity of the freeway system. The HCM defined weaving capacity as "any combination of flows that causes the density to reach the LOS E/F boundary condition of 43 pc/m/ln for freeways" based on configuration, number of lanes in the weaving section, free-flow speed, length of the weave, and volume ratio (VR). Weaving sections are often problematic because of the increase in lane changing. These are common design elements on freeway facilities between an on ramp and off ramp with an auxiliary lane. They are located between merge and diverge points, near ramps where a lane is added or dropped, and at multilane ramps. A weaving section is a freeway segment in which traffic flows cross each other without traffic control (Minderhoud et al. 2003).Traffic demands exceeding segment capacity at weaving areas cause congestion, which affects the operation of the entire freeway section. Traffic operation problems often exist at weaving areas even when traffic demands are less than capacity and may be experienced at lower traffic flows because of the complexity of vehicle interactions, that is, increased lane changing, resulting in a degradation in level of service (LOS) and potential safety problems (Skabardonis et al. 2012).A significant amount of research has been done to estimate quality of service and capacity in weaving sections. However, little has been done to address multiple weaves. A multiple weaving area is one where two or more weaving areas overlap. No satisfactory means of estimating capacity has been found. Current procedures make assumptions about where weaving occurs in the individual weaving segments. A multiple weaving area is found when "a series of closely spaced merge and diverge areas create overlapping weaving movements (between different merge-diverge points)." (HCM 2016) This work examines capacity and quality of service conditions for a specific example of a multiple weave. Capacity is evaluated through micro-simulation by gradually raising flows for a range of geometric and fraction of weaving-traffic conditions. Models are developed to express capacity in terms of lane configuration, flow ratios, traffic mix (heavy traffic percentages), and overall flow rate. This study will be limited to cases where there are two overlapping weaving movements created by two entry ramps following by an exit ramp.The study will develop relations for capacity and service volume for a range of geometric, flow conditions, and traffic mix. Geometric conditions will include number of lanes on the main lane entry and each entrance ramp into and exit ramp from the weaving area (n), and distances (Ls) between ramps. Flow conditions will include a range of flows from each of the entry and exit roadways (V) in the multiple weaving area. The traffic mix represents the fraction of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream (PHV).In order to estimate the capacity of the weaving area, repeated simulations are performed under varying factors, number of lanes, flow range, heavy vehicle percentage, and routing. VISSIM outputs include link evaluation (average values for the link), and data collection (point measurement) files are extracted. These output files allow us to extract parameters, such as space mean speed for links, to identify the point at which speed start to drop. Also, entry and exit volumes to see if they are the same as the summation of input volume that we specified in the run. The poin tthat speed starts dropping significantly, or the summation of exit or entrance volume is much lower than what we entered in the system, suggests that we have reached the capacity point. VISSIM simulation runs are done using COM programming. This VISSIM scripting tool will enable the user to automate the analysis process. Using COM programming, this research has been able to performs many more simulation iterations than otherwise would have been possible in the same time period. Not only for the factors but also for the driving behavior parameters (following,lane change, and car following). To estimate capacity, we will consider all possible combinations of car following parameters to see what gives us the maximum capacity.At the same time, we will adjust different variables/factors we have introduced (number of lanes, flow, etc.) to see which one will give us a higher throughput, which is the capacity.This work's result will be presented to DOTs and MPOs as a guidebook. The file would be highly useful and money-saving for these agencies as they prefer to obtain higher capacity by managing existing freeways rather than buying rights of ways.
Safety Aspects Of Freeway Weaving Sections
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Author : Thomas F. Golob
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Safety Aspects Of Freeway Weaving Sections written by Thomas F. Golob and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Traffic flow categories.
Operation Of Major Freeway Weaving Areas
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Author : Michael James Cassidy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Operation Of Major Freeway Weaving Areas written by Michael James Cassidy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Express highways categories.
Observations On Traffic Behavior In Freeway Weaving Bottlenecks
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Author : Joon ho Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Observations On Traffic Behavior In Freeway Weaving Bottlenecks written by Joon ho Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Frewev A Design And Analysis Model For Major Freeway Weaving Sections
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Frewev A Design And Analysis Model For Major Freeway Weaving Sections written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with FREWEV (Computer file) categories.
Frelane An Analysis Model For Major Freeway Weaving Sections And Empirically Limited Analysis Of Selected Freeway Segments
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Author : Lannon Leiman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Frelane An Analysis Model For Major Freeway Weaving Sections And Empirically Limited Analysis Of Selected Freeway Segments written by Lannon Leiman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Express highways categories.
Weavsim
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Author : Mohsen Zarean
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Weavsim written by Mohsen Zarean and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Traffic flow categories.
One Sided Weaving Analysis On One Way Frontage Roads
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Author : Kay Fitzpatrick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
One Sided Weaving Analysis On One Way Frontage Roads written by Kay Fitzpatrick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Frontage roads categories.
Over the past few years, there have been many studies concerning the effects of weaving on freeway operations; however, there have been few attempts to study the effects of weaving at "non-freeway" sites, such as freeway frontage roads. As part of a larger study that is developing a level of service evaluation procedure for freeway frontage roads, this report addresses the issues associated with one-sided weaving on one-way frontage roads. The objectives of this study were to develop a technique for evaluating one-sided weaving operations, and to develop recommendations on minimum and desirable ramp spacing. To meet these objectives, both field data and computer simulation were used. From the results of this study, the following three levels of service were defined: unconstrained (weaving volume 1500 vph), constrained (weaving volume from 1500 - 3000 vph), and undesirable (weaving volume 3000 vph). Concerning ramp spacing, the results revealed that it is desirable to have a weaving length greater than 300 meters with a minimium value of 200 meters