Models Of Distinction
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Models Of The Human In Twentieth Century Linguistic Theories
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Author : Feifei Zhou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-17
Models Of The Human In Twentieth Century Linguistic Theories written by Feifei Zhou and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-17 with Philosophy categories.
This book provides a refreshingly new perspective for investigating linguistic texts, which foregrounds models of the human. It presents a close reading of major linguistic theories in the twentieth century with a focus on three main themes: linguistic system and the individual speaker; social order; and linguistic creativity. The examination of these three fundamental themes concerning language and human nature, on the one hand, provides a fine-textured exposition on the implicit and explicit models of human nature endorsed by major theorists; on the other, it reveals the methodological dilemmas faced by linguistics. In light of the fact that the importance of considering posthumanist ideas is increasingly being underscored today, both within and outside linguistics, this focus on the human makes the book highly topical.
Handbook Of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models
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Author : Michael Nering
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2011-01-19
Handbook Of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models written by Michael Nering and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-19 with Psychology categories.
This comprehensive Handbook focuses on the most used polytomous item response theory (IRT) models. These models help us understand the interaction between examinees and test questions where the questions have various response categories. The book reviews all of the major models and includes discussions about how and where the models originated, conceptually and in practical terms. Diverse perspectives on how these models can best be evaluated are also provided. Practical applications provide a realistic account of the issues practitioners face using these models. Disparate elements of the book are linked through editorial sidebars that connect common ideas across chapters, compare and reconcile differences in terminology, and explain variations in mathematical notation. These sidebars help to demonstrate the commonalities that exist across the field. By assembling this critical information, the editors hope to inspire others to use polytomous IRT models in their own research so they too can achieve the type of improved measurement that such models can provide. Part 1 examines the most commonly used polytomous IRT models, major issues that cut across these models, and a common notation for calculating functions for each model. An introduction to IRT software is also provided. Part 2 features distinct approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of polytomous IRT models in various measurement contexts. These chapters appraise evaluation procedures and fit tests and demonstrate how to implement these procedures using IRT software. The final section features groundbreaking applications. Here the goal is to provide solutions to technical problems to allow for the most effective use of these models in measuring educational, psychological, and social science abilities and traits. This section also addresses the major issues encountered when using polytomous IRT models in computerized adaptive testing. Equating test scores across different testing contexts is the focus of the last chapter. The various contexts include personality research, motor performance, health and quality of life indicators, attitudes, and educational achievement. Featuring contributions from the leading authorities, this handbook will appeal to measurement researchers, practitioners, and students who want to apply polytomous IRT models to their own research. It will be of particular interest to education and psychology assessment specialists who develop and use tests and measures in their work, especially researchers in clinical, educational, personality, social, and health psychology. This book also serves as a supplementary text in graduate courses on educational measurement, psychometrics, or item response theory.
Machine Learning And Artificial Intelligence For Smart Agriculture
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Author : Chuanlei Zhang
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-02-09
Machine Learning And Artificial Intelligence For Smart Agriculture written by Chuanlei Zhang and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-09 with Science categories.
Springer Handbook Of Model Based Science
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Author : Lorenzo Magnani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-22
Springer Handbook Of Model Based Science written by Lorenzo Magnani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This handbook offers the first comprehensive reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of model-based reasoning. It highlights the role of models as mediators between theory and experimentation, and as educational devices, as well as their relevance in testing hypotheses and explanatory functions. The Springer Handbook merges philosophical, cognitive and epistemological perspectives on models with the more practical needs related to the application of this tool across various disciplines and practices. The result is a unique, reliable source of information that guides readers toward an understanding of different aspects of model-based science, such as the theoretical and cognitive nature of models, as well as their practical and logical aspects. The inferential role of models in hypothetical reasoning, abduction and creativity once they are constructed, adopted, and manipulated for different scientific and technological purposes is also discussed. Written by a group of internationally renowned experts in philosophy, the history of science, general epistemology, mathematics, cognitive and computer science, physics and life sciences, as well as engineering, architecture, and economics, this Handbook uses numerous diagrams, schemes and other visual representations to promote a better understanding of the concepts. This also makes it highly accessible to an audience of scholars and students with different scientific backgrounds. All in all, the Springer Handbook of Model-Based Science represents the definitive application-oriented reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of model-based reasoning.
A Model Theoretic Realist Interpretation Of Science
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Author : E.B. Ruttkamp
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
A Model Theoretic Realist Interpretation Of Science written by E.B. Ruttkamp and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.
In this book Emma Ruttkamp demonstrates the power of the full-blown employment of the model-theoretic paradigm in the philosophy of science. Within this paradigm she gives an account of sciences as process and product. She expounds the "received statement" and the "non-statement" views of science, and shows how the model-theoretic approach resolves the spurious tension between these views. In this endeavour she also engages the views of a number of contemporary philosophers of science with affinity to model theory. This text can be read by specialists working in philosophy of science or formal semantics, by logicians working on the structure of theories, and by students in philosophy of science - this text offers a thorough introduction to non-statement accounts of sciences as well as a discussion of the traditional statement account of science.
Adaptive Perspectives On Human Technology Interaction Methods And Models For Cognitive Engineering And Human Computer Interaction
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Author : Alex Kirlik Professor of Human Factors University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2006-04-05
Adaptive Perspectives On Human Technology Interaction Methods And Models For Cognitive Engineering And Human Computer Interaction written by Alex Kirlik Professor of Human Factors University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-05 with Computers categories.
In everyday life, and particularly in the modern workplace, information technology and automation increasingly mediate, augment, and sometimes even interfere with how humans interact with their environment. How to understand and support cognition in human-technology interaction is both a practically and socially relevant problem. The chapters in this volume frame this problem in adaptive terms: How are behavior and cognition adapted, or perhaps ill-adapted, to the demands and opportunities of an environment where interaction is mediated by tools and technology? The authors draw heavily on the work of Egon Brunswik, a pioneer in ecological and cognitive psychology, as well as on modern refinements and extensions of Brunswikian ideas, including Hammond's Social Judgment Theory, Gigerenzer's Ecological Rationality and Anderson's Rational Analysis. Inspired by Brunswik's view of cognition as "coming to terms" with the "casual texture" of the external world, the chapters in this volume provide quantitative and computational models and measures for studying how people come to terms with an increasingly technological ecology, and provide insights for supporting cognition and performance through design, training, and other interventions. The methods, models, and measures presented in this book provide timely and important resources for addressing problems in the rapidly growing field of human-technology interaction. The book will be of interest to researchers, students, and practitioners in human factors, cognitive engineering, human-computer interaction, judgment and decision making, and cognitive science.
Fine Sediment In Open Water From Fundamentals To Modeling
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Author : Johan C Winterwerp
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2021-11-08
Fine Sediment In Open Water From Fundamentals To Modeling written by Johan C Winterwerp and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Fine Sediment in Open Water is mainly written for professional engineers working in estuaries and coastal systems. It provides the basis for a fundamental understanding of the physical, biological and chemical processes governing the transport and fate of fine sediment in open water and explains how this understanding can steer engineering studies with numerical models. This is a unique treatment of processes at a variety of spatial and temporal scales, from the micro-scale (colloid scale) to system-wide scales, and from intra-tidal time periods to decades.Beginning with the processes governing the transport and fate of fine sediment in shallow open water, the first eight chapters are dedicated to the hydrodynamic, soil mechanics and biological processes which determine fine sediment concentrations in the water column, in/on the bed and the exchange of sediment between bed and water column. The next two chapters treat the net fluxes of fine sediment as a function of asymmetries in forcing and sediment properties. These fundamental processes form the basis for the subsequent chapters on modeling in which the governing equations are presented, and tools are provided to aggregate and parameterize the various processes elaborated in the first eight chapters. Further, any numerical model study should be based on a conceptual model, as illustrated in the final five chapters, which provide examples of numerical modeling studies on the transport and fate of fine sediment in a coastal sea, an estuary, a tidal river, a lake, and around and within a harbor basin.Related Link(s)
The Climate Demon
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Author : R. Saravanan
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2021-10-21
The Climate Demon written by R. Saravanan and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-21 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
An introduction to the complex world of climate models that explains why we should trust their predictions despite the uncertainties.
Inconsistency Asymmetry And Non Locality
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Author : Mathias Frisch
language : en
Publisher: OUP USA
Release Date : 2005-03-31
Inconsistency Asymmetry And Non Locality written by Mathias Frisch and has been published by OUP USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-31 with Philosophy categories.
Electrodynamics has largely been ignored by philosophers of science due to what Mathias Frisch says is a mistaken view that it is conceptually unproblematic. Part of the goal of this book is to show that classical physics, while successful in describing phenomena, has some very interesting conceptual problems worth discussing. The other goal of the book is to argue that the theory electrodynamics, a core theory of modern physics and one that's widely held, leaves out some important aspects of scientific theorizing, namely that the notion that consistency is over-valued, and that an inconsistent theory can still be successful.
Escaping Satiation
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Author : Ulrich Witt
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-17
Escaping Satiation written by Ulrich Witt and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-17 with Business & Economics categories.
The collection of papers presented in this special issue arose out of two events. The first was the symposium "Escaping Satiation - Increasing Product Variety, Preference Change and the Demand Side of Economic Growth" which was held at the Max Planck Institute in Jena, Germany, in December 1997. The Fritz Thyssen Foundation provided financial support for this seminal symposium which is gratefully acknowledged. Wilhelm Ruprecht was of great help in preparing the symposium and I would like to express my gratitude to hirn on this occasion. Many stimulating exchanges with hirn over the past few years while he was a research associate at the Institute working on long term changes in consumption convinced me of the relevance and importance of this problem for understanding modem economic growth. I also owe thanks to many people who encouraged me to go ahead with the symposium, among them Stanley Metcalfe, Carl Christian von Weizsäcker, and also Ehud Zuscovitch, who died so unexpectedly last year.