Models Of Virus Immune Dynamics And Drug Resistant Virus Infections
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Models Of Virus Immune Dynamics And Drug Resistant Virus Infections
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Models Of Virus Immune Dynamics And Drug Resistant Virus Infections written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Models for the activity of a virus within a host describe the interaction between virus, the cells they infect and the attempts of the body's immune response to remove the infection. We aim to improve these models by incorporating more detailed, and more realistic, descriptions of the immune response. One particular application that is of interest involves the administration of drug treatment during acute infections, with the aim of understanding the dynamics of co-circulating wild-type and drug resistant viruses. Two models are presented that suggest improvements for the portrayal of the immune response. The first is based on existing basic infection models for acute viruses. The second is based upon recent experimental results show that a brief exposure to a pathogen can cause the CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), of the immune system to undergo a programmed set of divisions, including sustained proliferation, giving rise to effector cells, which can kill infected cells, followed by the production and maintenance of memory cells. In the co-infection model of wild-type and drug resistant viruses, a target cell limited model is also used. Previous results suggested that the level of immune response maintained during therapy is the key to suppressing the peak load of resistant virus. Our results, however, suggest that suppression of a resistant strain is not solely dependent on the immune response, but also on the availability of target cells. A spatial virus-immune model is presented in an appendix, which allows multiple target regions within the host to be infected by one or more viruses. Another model is introduced which allows multiple viruses to infect the same target region, with immune specific responses to each virus.
Models Of Virus Immune Dynamics And Drug Resistant Virus Infections
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Author : Lisa Albert Soberano
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Models Of Virus Immune Dynamics And Drug Resistant Virus Infections written by Lisa Albert Soberano and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Keywords: drug resistant, virus infections, CTLs, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, T cells, killer T cells, immune response, virus, resistant, virus dynamics, drug resistant virus, virus-immune, ODEs, virus-immune dynamics, infections.
Virus Dynamics Mathematical Principles Of Immunology And Virology
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Author : Martin Nowak
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, UK
Release Date : 2000-11-23
Virus Dynamics Mathematical Principles Of Immunology And Virology written by Martin Nowak and has been published by Oxford University Press, UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-23 with categories.
This groundbreaking book describes the emerging field of theoretical immunology, in particular the use of mathematical models to describe the spread of infectious diseases within patients. It reveals fascinating insights into the dynamics of viral and other infections, and the interactions between infectious agents and immune responses. Structured around the examples of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B, Nowak and May show how mathematical models can help researchers to understand the detailed dynamics of infection and the effects of antiviral therapy. Models are developed to describe the dynamics of drug resistance, immune responses, viral evolution and mutation, and to optimise the design of therapy and vaccines. - ;We know, down to the tiniest details, the molecular structure of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Yet despite this tremendous accomplishment, and despite other remarkable advances in our understanding of individual viruses and cells of the immune system, we still have no agreed understanding of the ultimate course and variability of the pathogenesis of AIDS. Gaps in our understanding like these impede our efforts towards developing effective therapies and preventive vaccines. Martin Nowak and Robert M May describe the emerging field of theoretical immunology in this accessible and well- written text. Using mathematical modelling techniques, the authors set out their ideas about how populations of viruses and populations of immune system cells may interact in various circumstances, and how infectious diseases spread within patients. They explain how this approach to understanding infectious diseases can reveal insights into the dynamics of viral and other infections, and the interactions between infectious agents and immune responses. The book is structured around the examples of HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis B virus, although the approaches described will be more widely applicable. The authors use mathematical tools to uncover the detailed dynamics of the infection and the effects of antiviral therapy. Models are developed to describe the emergence of drug resistance, and the dynamics of immune responses, viral evolution, and mutation. The practical implications of this work for optimisation of the design of therapy and vaccines are discussed. The book concludes with a glance towards the future of this fascinating, and potentially highly useful, field of study. - ;... an excellent introduction to a field that has the potential to advance substantially our understanding of the complex interplay between virus and host - Nature
Virus Dynamics
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Author : Martin Nowak
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2000-11-23
Virus Dynamics written by Martin Nowak and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-11-23 with Science categories.
This groundbreaking book describes the emerging field of theoretical immunology, in particular the use of mathematical models to describe the spread of infectious diseases within patients. It reveals fascinating insights into the dynamics of viral and other infections, and the interactions between infectious agents and immune responses. Structured around the examples of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B, Nowak and May show how mathematical models can help researchers to understand the detailed dynamics of infection and the effects of antiviral therapy. Models are developed to describe the dynamics of drug resistance, immune responses, viral evolution and mutation, and to optimise the design of therapy and vaccines.
Deterministic And Stochastic Models Of Aids Epidemics And Hiv Infections With Intervention
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Author : W. Y. Tan
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2005
Deterministic And Stochastic Models Of Aids Epidemics And Hiv Infections With Intervention written by W. Y. Tan and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Medical categories.
With contributions from an international team of leading researchers, the book pulls together updated research results in the area of HIV/AIDS modeling to provide readers with the latest information in the field. Topics covered include: AIDS epidemic models; vaccine models; models for HIV/cell dynamics and interactions; cellular kinetics; viral dynamics with antiviral treatments; modeling of drug resistance and quasispecies.
Mathematical Models To Evaluate The Optimal Treatment Of Hiv 1 Infection And The Response Of Drug Resistant Variants
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Author : Sonya Jacinta Snedecor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Mathematical Models To Evaluate The Optimal Treatment Of Hiv 1 Infection And The Response Of Drug Resistant Variants written by Sonya Jacinta Snedecor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.
State Space Modeling On Viral Dynamics Of In Vivo Hiv 1 Infection In An Antiretroviral Therapy
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Author : Zhengfeng Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
State Space Modeling On Viral Dynamics Of In Vivo Hiv 1 Infection In An Antiretroviral Therapy written by Zhengfeng Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This dissertation endeavors to reveal the effect of an antiretroviral therapy by modeling viral dynamics of HIV-1 infection. To accomplish the difficult goal, we develop a stochastic model to study the viral dynamics of HIV-1 infection in the antiretroviral treatment. The model characterizes the viral dynamical system of HIV-1 infection by a complex setting of time-varying or constant parameters and describes the stochastic process of viral dynamics in the antiretroviral treatment by a group of stochastic difference equations with respect to the state variables which are the random number of different strains of HIV-1 or different types of virus producing cells. We find a group of optimized values of governing the viral dynamics for the model parameters by means of the genetic algorithm under certain boundary conditions. The viral load and mutation frequency of the drug-resistant HIV-1 predicted by the numerical solutions for the expected number of state variables can thus fit the clinic data to a certain degree. We further devise an extended Kalman filter and apply the multilevel Gibbs sampling to identify the stochastic features of viral dynamics, which are generally realized by combining the different sources of information both from the stochastic model and observation model in the so-called state space modeling. As a result we are capable of understanding what might happen in viremia for a HIV-1-infected individual in the antiretroviral therapy and finally get to know how the drug-resistant HIV-1 emerged and became dominant in the plasma viral population, which is pertinent to the data from the AIDS patient. Based on our study, we propose a hypothesis for HIV-1 pathogenesis when suffered from drug intervention. Our hypothesis indicates that HIV-1 infection should share some common features in viral infection by any other species of viruses, especially retroviruses, except that the target cells are CD4+ T cells crucial in the immune system. It reflects more evidences of hypothesis immune activation in the HIV-1 pathogenesis that has gained popularity in current AIDS research. It is worthy while to be incorporated into mathematical models on viral dynamics in other situations of antiretroviral therapy and accordingly needs more examinations. .
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6
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Author : King K. Holmes
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2017-11-06
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-06 with Medical categories.
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Viral Infections Of Humans
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Author : Alfred S. Evans
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Viral Infections Of Humans written by Alfred S. Evans and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Medical categories.
also occurs. New outbreaks of yellow fever have occurred in Colombia and Trinidad and new outbreaks of rift valley fever have occurred in Egypt. Chapter 6, Arenaviruses: The biochemical and physical properties have now been clar ified, and they show a remarkable uniformity in the various viruses constituting the group. The possibility that prenatal infection with LCM may result in hydrocephalus and chorioretinitis has been raised. Serologic surveys have suggested the existence of Lassa virus infection in Guinea, Central African Empire, Mali, Senegal, Cameroon, and Benin, in addition to earlier identification in Nigeria, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Chapter 7, Coronaviruses: New studies have confirmed the important role of these viruses in common respiratory illnesses of children and adults. The viruses are now known to contain a single positive strand of RNA. About 50% of corona virus infections result in clinical illness. About 5% of common colds are caused by strain DC 43 in winter. Chapter 8, Cytomegalovirus: Sections on pathogenesis of CMV in relation to organ transplantation and mononucleosis, as well as sections on the risk and features of con genital infection and disease, have been expanded. There are encouraging preliminary results with a live CMV vaccine, but the questions of viral persistence and oncogenicity require further evaluation.
Janeway S Immunobiology
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Author : Kenneth Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Garland Science
Release Date : 2010-06-22
Janeway S Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and has been published by Garland Science this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-06-22 with Medical categories.
The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.