Modified Ambient Mass Spectrometric Methods For Field Screening And Confirmation Of Forensic Evidence
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Modified Ambient Mass Spectrometric Methods For Field Screening And Confirmation Of Forensic Evidence
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Author : William Lee Fatigante
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Modified Ambient Mass Spectrometric Methods For Field Screening And Confirmation Of Forensic Evidence written by William Lee Fatigante and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The utility of field-portable analytical instrumentation has the potential to revolutionize many fields of science, particularly for forensic science and law enforcement. While colorimetric testing can be employed for drug evidence screening, the influx of novel psychoactive substances has significantly decreased the effectiveness of this investigation strategy. One approach to meeting the needs of today's practitioner is coupling flexible, ambient ionization techniques with portable mass spectrometric (MS) instrumentation. Ambient ionization techniques have a rich history of being amendable to the sample at hand. Since their inception in 2005, numerous techniques saturate the field. The main drive for this development is to allow the analysis of wider sample classes with doing as minimal sample preparation required. Herein, the efforts to develop and perform a selection of simplified, rapidly-interchangeable, ambient ionization sources will be discussed, including paper spray ionization (PSI) and paper cone spray ionization (PCSI).First reported by Cha and Kim, PCSI has been shown adept at bulk analyte analysis. Here, a modified PCSI source that allows for real-time extraction and filtration of forensic samples known to hinder screening or compromise hygiene on MS systems is investigated. Also, studies will be included that evaluates an inter-source comparison of ionization methods that have already shown broad utility within the forensic community, PSI and direct analysis in real time (DART), in order to discern analytical performance and usability in forensic evidence processing.While portable MS systems have been shown capable of assisting investigative decision-making, this single technology does not fulfill the two-tiered identification guidelines suggested by the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) for generating prosecutorial data. By integrating surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with a portable MS system, a rapid, yet robust, method for drug evidence identification is discussed, while looking at the development and characterization of this instrumental strategy.
Development And Characterization Of Robust Methods For Field Investigations With Portable Mass Spectrometry
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Author : Ashley Rose Stelmack
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Development And Characterization Of Robust Methods For Field Investigations With Portable Mass Spectrometry written by Ashley Rose Stelmack and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Portable mass spectrometry (MS) has become an area of interest due to the ability to conduct chemical analyses in native environments. These instruments have the potential to increase efficiency and analytical throughput via real-time experimentation, minimizing the need for sample transportation. One drive towards the development of fieldable mass spectrometers is the potential for coupling to novel ambient ionization methods (or "ambient MS"), which can generate spectral data at ambient conditions from unprepared or minimally prepared samples of interest. Since the first introduction of the desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) technique in 2004, a myriad of novel techniques have been reported and applied, such as paper spray ionization (PSI), direct analysis in real time (DART), filter cone spray ionization (FCSI), etc. These methods allow for diverse sample types to be processed, opening the door to a variety of impactful applications.Forensics and homeland security are fields that can benefit from portable instrumentation, creating quick analytical capabilities during a criminal investigation or public safety events. Though it has been observed that portable MS systems can identify samples such as drugs of abuse, chemical warfare agents (CWAs), and explosives in a range of sample matrices, other factors/criteria must be considered before implementing into standard procedural methods of evidence collection. A factor to consider, however, is the instrumentals performance during exposure to common environmental conditions. The effect of temperature, relative humidity and windspeed were tested on the FLIR Systems Griffin Atmospheric Inlet-Mass Spectrometer (AI-MS) 1.2, observing target detection, signal intensity and signal duration while implementing PSI-MS, a newer ambient MS method that employs disposable paper substrates for sample collection and processing. Trends were interpreted to determine optimal conditions for high instrument performance, as well as potential conditions that yield a negative impact on sample processing. Other criteria are of note, such as the recommendations provided by the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) for generating instrumental methods for forensic evidence confirmation; these recommendations center on the need for a multi-method analytical scheme for producing a definitive identification with prosecutorial ramifications. Towards this, a platform for combining surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and PSI-MS was developed to characterize the processing of authentic illicit drug analytes. A validation study was then performed, testing the overall reliability and accuracy of the dual methodology through a user blinded error rate study. Further, the potential admissibility of forensic drug evidentiary data produced from portable MS systems was examined, using the constraints of the Daubert or Frye standards for forensic evidence testimony as a guide. Overall, the efforts contained in this thesis seek to demonstrate the potential of portable mass spectrometry towards forensic/homeland security investigations.
Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Author : Marek Domin
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2014-11-25
Ambient Ionization Mass Spectrometry written by Marek Domin and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-25 with Science categories.
Ambient ionization has emerged as one of the hottest and fastest growing topics in mass spectrometry enabling sample analysis with minimal sample preparation. Introducing the subject and explaining the basic concepts and terminology, this book will provide a comprehensive, unique treatise devoted to the subject. Written by acknowledged experts, there are full descriptions on how new ionization techniques work, with an overview of their strengths, weaknesses and applications. This title will bring the reader right up to date, with both applications and theory, and will be suitable as a tutorial text for those starting in the field from a variety of disciplines.
Direct Analysis In Real Time Mass Spectrometry
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Author : Yiyang Dong
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-04-09
Direct Analysis In Real Time Mass Spectrometry written by Yiyang Dong and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-09 with Science categories.
Clear, comprehensive, and state of the art, the groundbreaking book on the emerging technology of direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry Written by a noted expert in the field, Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry offers a review of the background and the most recent developments in DART-MS. Invented in 2005, DART-MS offers a wide range of applications for solving numerous analytical problems in various environments, including food science, forensics, and clinical analysis. The text presents an introduction to the history of the technology and includes information on the theoretical background, for exampleon the ionization mechanism. Chapters on sampling and coupling to different types of mass spectrometers are followed by a comprehensive discussion of a broad range of applications. Unlike most other ionization methods, DART does not require laborious sample preparation, as ionization takes place directly on the sample surface. This makes the technique especially attractive for applications in forensics and food science. Comprehensive in scope, this vital text: -Sets the standard on an important and emerging ionization technique -Thoroughly discusses all the relevant aspects from instrumentation to applications -Helps in solving numerous analytical problems in various applications, for example food science, forensics, environmental and clinical analysis -Covers mechanisms, coupling to mass spectrometers, and includes information on challenges and disadvantages of the technique Academics, analytical chemists, pharmaceutical chemists, clinical chemists, forensic scientists, and others will find this illuminating text a must-have resource for understanding the most recent developments in the field.
Opportunities To Improve Airport Passenger Screening With Mass Spectrometry
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Author : Committee on Assessment of Security Technologies for Transportation
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2004-05-26
Opportunities To Improve Airport Passenger Screening With Mass Spectrometry written by Committee on Assessment of Security Technologies for Transportation and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-26 with Political Science categories.
Protection of the traveling public from terrorist threats involving explosives is a major goal of the Transportation Security Administration (TSA). For 20 years, the TSA (and the Federal Aviation Administration before it) have been investing in technologies to meet that goal. To support that activity, the TSA has asked the NRC to assess a variety of technological opportunities for offering such protection. The NRC is approaching this assignment by issuing a series of reports on chosen technology applications. This is the first of that series and presents an assessment of mass spectrometry for enhanced trace detection (ETD) of chemicals contained in explosives. The report describes limitations of trace detection in general and the current technologies in particular. It then presents a discussion of the potential for mass spectrometry to improve EDT including challenges faced by such a system, recommendations for starting a program to take advantage of mass spectrometry, and recommendations for a phased implementation plan.
Comprehensive Environmental Mass Spectrometry
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Author : Albert Lebedev
language : en
Publisher: ILM Publications
Release Date : 2012
Comprehensive Environmental Mass Spectrometry written by Albert Lebedev and has been published by ILM Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Science categories.
"In full colour throughout, this book describes the power of mass spectrometry in resolving environmental issues, demonstrating how real-world complex problems can be solved in a simple and elegant way."--Worldcat.
Light In Forensic Science
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Author : Giorgia Miolo
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2018-04-16
Light In Forensic Science written by Giorgia Miolo and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-16 with Science categories.
The identification and quantification of material present and collected at a crime scene are critical requirements in investigative analyses. Forensic analysts use a variety of tools and techniques to achieve this, many of which use light. Light is not always the forensic analyst’s friend however, as light can degrade samples and alter results. This book details the analysis of a range of molecular systems by light-based techniques relevant to forensic science, as well as the negative effects of light in the degradation of forensic evidence, such as the breakage of DNA linkages during DNA profiling. The introductory chapters explain how chemiluminescence and fluorescence can be used to visualise samples and the advantages and limitations of available technologies. They also discuss the limitations of our knowledge about how light could alter the physical nature of materials, for example by breaking DNA linkages during DNA profiling or by modifying molecular structures of polymers and illicit drugs. The book then explains how to detect, analyse and interpret evidence from materials such as illicit drugs, agents of bioterrorism, and textiles, using light-based techniques from microscopy to surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Edited by active photobiological and forensic scientists, this book will be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of photochemistry, photobiology, toxicology and forensic science.
Introduction To Environmental Forensics
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Author : Brian L. Murphy
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-07-30
Introduction To Environmental Forensics written by Brian L. Murphy and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-30 with Science categories.
The third edition of Introduction to Environmental Forensics is a state-of-the-art reference for the practicing environmental forensics consultant, regulator, student, academic, and scientist, with topics including compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA), advanced multivariate statistical techniques, surrogate approaches for contaminant source identification and age dating, dendroecology, hydrofracking, releases from underground storage tanks and piping, and contaminant-transport modeling for forensic applications. Recognized international forensic scientists were selected to author chapters in their specific areas of expertise and case studies are included to illustrate the application of these methods in actual environmental forensic investigations. This edition provides updates on advances in various techniques and introduces several new topics. Provides a comprehensive review of all aspects of environmental forensics Coverage ranges from emerging statistical methods to state-of-the-art analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry and polytopic vector analysis Numerous examples and case studies are provided to illustrate the application of these forensic techniques in environmental investigations
Mass Spectrometry In Sports Drug Testing
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Author : Mario Thevis
language : en
Publisher: Wiley
Release Date : 2010-08-02
Mass Spectrometry In Sports Drug Testing written by Mario Thevis and has been published by Wiley this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-02 with Science categories.
Enables you to detect, identify, and characterize hundreds of drugs that may be used by athletes Mass spectrometry has become essential to sports drug testing. This book examines both the principles of sports drug testing and the use of mass spectrometry techniques and mass spectral data to detect, identify, and characterize hundreds of known and unknown drugs that athletes may use to enhance their performance. The author provides a detailed overview of the mass spectrometry of numerous classes of therapeutics and agents, various analyzers to detect low- and high-molecular weight drugs, as well as techniques to discriminate between endogenously produced and synthetically derived compounds. Mass Spectrometry in Sports Drug Testing begins with a full chapter dedicated to the history of sports drug testing. Next, the book provides the principles and techniques needed to maximize the specificity and sensitivity of mass spectrometric assays, including: Detailed, step-by-step assays with sample preparation Discussion of both chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric analysis Characterization of analytes in order to unequivocally identify banned substances Mass spectrometric behavior of low- and high-molecular weight analytes Throughout the book, descriptive examples illustrate the principles, advantages, and limitations of different assays. Mass Spectrometry in Sports Drug Testing not only sets forth the role mass spectrometry plays in detecting drug use among athletes, it also adds new insights into the health and ethical issues of doping in sports.
Mass Spectrometry
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Author : Jürgen H Gross
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-05
Mass Spectrometry written by Jürgen H Gross and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-05 with Science categories.
Mass Spectrometry is an ideal textbook for students and professionals as well as newcomers to the field. Starting from the very first principles of gas-phase ion chemistry and isotopic properties, the textbook takes the reader through the design of mass analyzers and ionization methods all the way to mass spectral interpretation and coupling techniques. Step-by-step, the reader learns how mass spectrometry works and what it can do. The book comprises a balanced mixture of practice-oriented information and theoretical background. It features a clear layout and a wealth of high-quality figures. Exercises and solutions are located on the Springer Global Web.