Modular Scalable Techniques For Advanced Magnetic Resonance Systems And Radio Frequency Instrumentation
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Modular Scalable Techniques For Advanced Magnetic Resonance Systems And Radio Frequency Instrumentation
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Author : Pascal Pawel Stang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Modular Scalable Techniques For Advanced Magnetic Resonance Systems And Radio Frequency Instrumentation written by Pascal Pawel Stang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is unique among imaging modalities in providing exceptional versatility for examining a wide spectrum of anatomy and physiological functions. Modern MRI systems are moving toward higher magnetic field strengths for increased signal, and depend on rising receiver and transmitter channel counts to enhance speed, image quality, specificity, and safety. This has left researchers in a predicament. Commercial MRI scanners are becoming ever more capable and complex, yet by their nature inevitably lag the leading edge of science, failing to anticipate new research directions. Moreover, their closed proprietary hardware, software, and interfaces frustrate any expansion or adaptation to new techniques and experiments. Developed to address these challenges, the Medusa MRI console is a modular scalable open platform for advanced MRI research and development. Medusa enables MR methods and applications that would have been challenging or impossible using only commercial hardware, and does so with an efficient flexible architecture designed to grow to meet future needs. The Medusa MRI console delivers the complete set of functionality required for MRI including multi-channel radio-frequency (RF) excitation and reception, gradient waveform generation, coil and amplifier gating, and an open software platform for pulse sequencing and experimental development. Key features of Medusa include the use of direct-conversion digital RF components, distributed processing and memory for modularity and flexibility, and USB 2.0 High-Speed (480Mb/s) interfaces to the host PC. Medusa was first tested with the novel Stanford University Pre-Polarized MRI scanner, and is now used regularly for experiments on a diverse range of commercial and custom-built imaging systems. A significant application of Medusa has been the investigation and development of MRI Parallel Transmit techniques (PTx), which hold promise for improving MR safety and high-field image quality. Yet PTx methods demand high-fidelity delivery of RF pulses at kilowatt power levels across multiple channels into an unknown load. Vector Iterative Predistortion (VIP) was developed to address this challenge, using Medusa to encode the non-ideal response from RF amplifiers using sensors and iteratively pre-distort the input to achieve desired output. Even when used with cost-efficient low-fidelity RF power amps, VIP drives errors to below 0.1~dB and +/-1~degree phase, and is capable of correcting time-dynamic memory effects where traditional look-up table methods fail. Accurate RF sensing is essential in any RF control system, and on-coil and in-line vector RF sensing approaches were developed to enable real-time current, power, and impedance measurements. Notably, this monitoring permits not only the hardware characterization and control needed for VIP, but can also detect patient motion, cardiac and respiratory rhythms, and has the potential to assess and improve MR safety for patients with implanted devices.
Energy Research Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Energy Research Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Power resources categories.
Visualizing Chemistry
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-06-01
Visualizing Chemistry written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-01 with Science categories.
Scientists and engineers have long relied on the power of imaging techniques to help see objects invisible to the naked eye, and thus, to advance scientific knowledge. These experts are constantly pushing the limits of technology in pursuit of chemical imagingâ€"the ability to visualize molecular structures and chemical composition in time and space as actual events unfoldâ€"from the smallest dimension of a biological system to the widest expanse of a distant galaxy. Chemical imaging has a variety of applications for almost every facet of our daily lives, ranging from medical diagnosis and treatment to the study and design of material properties in new products. In addition to highlighting advances in chemical imaging that could have the greatest impact on critical problems in science and technology, Visualizing Chemistry reviews the current state of chemical imaging technology, identifies promising future developments and their applications, and suggests a research and educational agenda to enable breakthrough improvements.
Publications
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Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
Publications written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Government publications categories.
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Scientific And Technical Aerospace Reports written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Aeronautics categories.
Compact Nmr
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Author : Bernhard Blümich
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2014-08-22
Compact Nmr written by Bernhard Blümich and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The goal of this book is to provide an introduction to the practical use of mobile NMR at a level as basic as the operation of a smart phone. Each description follows the same didactic pattern: introduction, basic theory, pulse sequences and parameters, beginners-level measurements, advanced-level measurements, and data processing. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is the most popular method for chemists to analyze molecular structures while Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool for medical doctors that provides high-contrast images of biological tissue depicting the brain function and the beating heart. In both applications large super-conducting magnets are employed which magnetize atomic nuclei of an object positioned inside the magnet. Their circulating motion is interrogated by radio-frequency waves. Depending on the operating mode, the frequency spectrum provides the chemist with molecular information, the medical doctor with anatomic images, while the materials scientist is interested in NMR relaxation parameters, which scale with material properties and determine the contrast in magnetic resonance images. Recent advances in magnet technology led to a variety of small permanent magnets, by which NMR spectra, images, and relaxation parameters can be measured with mobile and low-cost instruments.
Op Amps For Everyone
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Author : Ron Mancini
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2003
Op Amps For Everyone written by Ron Mancini and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The operational amplifier ("op amp") is the most versatile and widely used type of analog IC, used in audio and voltage amplifiers, signal conditioners, signal converters, oscillators, and analog computing systems. Almost every electronic device uses at least one op amp. This book is Texas Instruments' complete professional-level tutorial and reference to operational amplifier theory and applications. Among the topics covered are basic op amp physics (including reviews of current and voltage division, Thevenin's theorem, and transistor models), idealized op amp operation and configuration, feedback theory and methods, single and dual supply operation, understanding op amp parameters, minimizing noise in op amp circuits, and practical applications such as instrumentation amplifiers, signal conditioning, oscillators, active filters, load and level conversions, and analog computing. There is also extensive coverage of circuit construction techniques, including circuit board design, grounding, input and output isolation, using decoupling capacitors, and frequency characteristics of passive components. The material in this book is applicable to all op amp ICs from all manufacturers, not just TI. Unlike textbook treatments of op amp theory that tend to focus on idealized op amp models and configuration, this title uses idealized models only when necessary to explain op amp theory. The bulk of this book is on real-world op amps and their applications; considerations such as thermal effects, circuit noise, circuit buffering, selection of appropriate op amps for a given application, and unexpected effects in passive components are all discussed in detail. *Published in conjunction with Texas Instruments *A single volume, professional-level guide to op amp theory and applications *Covers circuit board layout techniques for manufacturing op amp circuits.
Experimental Approaches Of Nmr Spectroscopy
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Author : The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-11-23
Experimental Approaches Of Nmr Spectroscopy written by The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-23 with Science categories.
This book describes the advanced developments in methodology and applications of NMR spectroscopy to life science and materials science. Experts who are leaders in the development of new methods and applications of life and material sciences have contributed an exciting range of topics that cover recent advances in structural determination of biological and material molecules, dynamic aspects of biological and material molecules, and development of novel NMR techniques, including resolution and sensitivity enhancement. First, this book particularly emphasizes the experimental details for new researchers to use NMR spectroscopy and pick up the potentials of NMR spectroscopy. Second, the book is designed for those who are involved in either developing the technique or expanding the NMR application fields by applying them to specific samples. Third, the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Society of Japan has organized this book not only for NMR members of Japan but also for readers worldwide who are interested in using NMR spectroscopy extensively.
Single Sided Nmr
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Author : Federico Casanova
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-01-28
Single Sided Nmr written by Federico Casanova and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book describes the design of the first functioning single-sided tomograph, the related measurement methods, and a number of applications in medicine, materials science, and chemical engineering. It will be the first comprehensive account of this new device and its applications. Among the key advances of this method is that images can be obtained in much shorter times than originally anticipated, and that even vector maps of flow fields can be measured although the magnetic fields are highly inhomogeneous. Furthermore, the equipment is small, mobile and affordable to small and medium enterprises and can be located in doctors’ offices.
Handbook Of Magnetism And Magnetic Materials
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Author : Michael Coey
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2021-11-19
Handbook Of Magnetism And Magnetic Materials written by Michael Coey and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-19 with Science categories.
This handbook presents a comprehensive survey of magnetism and magnetic materials. The dramatic advances in information technology and electromagnetic engineering make it necessary to systematically review the approved key knowledge and summarize the state of the art in this vast field within one seminal reference work. The book thus delivers up-to-date and well-structured information on a wealth of topics encompassing all fundamental aspects of the underlying physics and materials science, as well as advanced experimental methodology and applications. It features coverage of the host of fascinating and complex phenomena that arise from the use of magnetic fields in e.g. chemistry and biology. Edited by two internationally renowned scholars and featuring authored chapters from leading experts in the field, Springer’s Handbook of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials is an invaluable source of essential reference information for a broad audience of students, researchers, and magnetism professionals.