Mohamed S Mission
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Employees Of Diplomatic Missions
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Author :
language : en
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Employees Of Diplomatic Missions written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Diplomatic and consular service categories.
Members Of Permanent Missions To The United Nations Entitled To Diplomatic Privileges And Immunities
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Members Of Permanent Missions To The United Nations Entitled To Diplomatic Privileges And Immunities written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with categories.
Permanent Missions To The United Nations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967
Permanent Missions To The United Nations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with categories.
Permanent Missions To The United Nations
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Author : United States. Mission to the United Nations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980-06
Permanent Missions To The United Nations written by United States. Mission to the United Nations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980-06 with categories.
The Alcoran Of Mohammed
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Author : George Sale
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2023-06-17
The Alcoran Of Mohammed written by George Sale and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-06-17 with Fiction categories.
Reprint of the original, first published in 1874.
Muhammad S Mission
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Author : Tilman Nagel
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-07-06
Muhammad S Mission written by Tilman Nagel and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-06 with History categories.
Combining vast erudition with a refusal to bow before the political pressures of the day, Muhammad’s Mission: Religion, Politics, and Power at the Birth of Islam by Professor Tilman Nagel, one of the world’s leading authorities on Islam, is an introduction to three inseparable topics: the life of Muhammad (570-632 CE), the composition of the Koran, and the birth of Islam. While accessible to a general audience, it will also be of great interest to specialists, since it is the first English translation of Professor Nagel’s attempt to summarize a lifetime of research on these topics. The Introduction, Chapters 1-2, and Appendix 1 provide essential historical background on the Arab tribal system and Muhammad’s position within that system; the political situation in pre-Islamic Arabia; the history of Mecca; and pre-Islamic Arabian religions. Chapters 3-5 cover the beginnings of the revelations that Muhammad claimed to be receiving from Allah, paying special attention to the influence on Muhammad of the hanifs, a group of pre-Islamic pagan monotheists attested in the earliest Islamic sources. The hanifs claimed to trace their religion back to the putative original monotheism of Abraham, from which they claimed Jews and Christians had deviated by, among other things, abandoning animal sacrifice. Chapter 6 explains how Muhammad’s religious message included a thinly-veiled claim to have the right to political power over Mecca, a claim that exacerbated tensions with his own clan and led eventually to his expulsion from Mecca, as recounted in Chapter 7. Chapters 8-10 describe the impact of the hijra on the evolution of Islam. Seeing himself as the true heir to Abraham and the prophets who followed him, Muhammad would demand allegiance from Jews and Christians, as recounted in Sura 2 and other Medinan suras. He would initiate a war against Mecca, not in self-defense, but in order to gain control over the Kaaba, the central hanif shrine and the new qibla or direction of prayer for the Muslims. The Muslim victory at the Battle of Badr in 624 would help to shape a new ideal of a militarized religiosity in which those who waged war under Muhammad’s command would attain the rank of “true believers,” while those converts who refused to make hijra and to fight for Muhammad were relegated to the lower rank of “mere Muslims,” as Suras 8 and 49 make clear. Muhammad’s war against Mecca alienated many of his Medinan followers, the ansar. The refusal of the Jews to convert to Islam, combined with the close connection of the Jews to the ansar, led Muhammad to make war on the Jews as well as the Meccans. The surrender of Mecca in 630 (Chapter 11) did not lead to the end of war, for the aggressiveness and military success of Muhammad’s movement had made it attractive to a slew of new converts whose desire for booty had to be placated. Sura 9, promulgated near the end of Muhammad’s life, served as a broad declaration of war against polytheists, Jews, and Christians. Chapter 12 describes the evolution of Islam late in Muhammad’s life into a “religious warriors’ movement” that sought to extend the rule of Islam over the entire inhabited world. Chapter 13 covers the final pilgrimage and death of Muhammad, while Chapters 14-20 describe the development of Islamic dogma surrounding the figure of Muhammad and its implications for politics in the Islamic world and interfaith relations with non-Muslims up till the present day. The book concludes with appendices in which Nagel summarizes the state of scholarship regarding the life of Muhammad (Appendix 2) and the tensions between competing varieties of Muslim recollection of Muhammad (Appendix 3). Muhammad’s Mission: Religion, Politics, and Power at the Birth of Islam is an erudite and authoritative guide to events of world-historical importance by a scholar who has spent a lifetime mastering the primary sources documenting the birth of Islam.
The Koran Commonly Called The Alcoran Of Mohammed
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1888
The Koran Commonly Called The Alcoran Of Mohammed written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1888 with categories.
The Koran Commonly Called The Alcoran Of Mohammed
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Author : George Sale
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1812
The Koran Commonly Called The Alcoran Of Mohammed written by George Sale and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1812 with categories.
Mohammed And Mohammedanism
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Author : Sigismund Wilhelm Koelle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1889
Mohammed And Mohammedanism written by Sigismund Wilhelm Koelle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1889 with Christianity and other religions categories.
The author lived in western Africa as a Christian missionary and intends this study as a tool of conversion. The study is divided into three books. The first book describes the historical context in which Mohammed lived and the important accomplishments of his life. In Book II, Koelle argues that Muslim authors plagiarized the story of Christ when writing about Mohammed. The book details the parallel storylines and symbolism. Chapter II of Book II contains filtered descriptions of Mohammed's physical aspects and personal habits as described by Muslim writers (his dress, his physical qualities, his miracles, his habits as to sneezing and yawning, etc). Book III is a Christianity-based assessment of "the real nature of the position occupied by Mohammedanism ..."
The Koran Commonly Called The Alcoran Of Mohammed Translated From The Original Arabic
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Author : George Sale
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1825
The Koran Commonly Called The Alcoran Of Mohammed Translated From The Original Arabic written by George Sale and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1825 with Qurʼan categories.
