Moist Processes In The Climate System
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Moist Processes In The Climate System
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Author : Graeme L. Stephens
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010-10
Moist Processes In The Climate System written by Graeme L. Stephens and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10 with Science categories.
The amount of water in the Earth's atmosphere is tiny compared to all other sources of water on our planet, fresh or otherwise. However, this tiny amount of water is fundamental to most aspects of human life. Clouds, for instance, contain about two orders of magnitude less water in condensed form than the water vapor in air, but this miniscule amount of water is an essential stage of those processes that deliver all freshwater upon which human life depends. This influence is complex and not entirely understood, yet exerts profound effects on climate and on those forces that affect climate change. Thus understanding the moist processes that determine the supply of water to the atmosphere and back to the surface is of some importance. Consequently observations of the distribution and variability of clouds and precipitation have emerged as priority, even as our ability to observe the properties of clouds and precipitation by satellites presently orbiting Earth is unprecedented in the history of space-borne Earth observations. These new capabilities are now delivering important new insights on how water cycles through Earth's atmosphere and a firmer basis to predict how this water cycle evolves and thus how it may alter with climate change.
The Global Climate System
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Author : Howard A. Bridgman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-03-06
The Global Climate System written by Howard A. Bridgman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-06 with Science categories.
This textbook considers the physical, social and economic aspects of the global climate system, through readable accounts of recent in climatology. Chapters contain essays by respected specialists in the field to enhance the understanding of selected topics. It is invaluable to advanced students of climatology and atmospheric science.
An Introduction To The Global Circulation Of The Atmosphere
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Author : David Randall
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2015-06-23
An Introduction To The Global Circulation Of The Atmosphere written by David Randall and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-23 with Science categories.
The most comprehensive advanced graduate-level textbook on the subject This is a graduate-level textbook on the global circulation of the Earth's atmosphere—the large-scale system of winds by which energy is transported around the planet, from the tropical latitudes to the poles. Written by David Randall, one of the world’s foremost experts on the subject, it is the most comprehensive textbook on the topic. Intended for Earth science students who have completed some graduate-level coursework in atmospheric dynamics, the book will help students build on that foundation, preparing them for research in the field. The book describes the many phenomena of the circulation and explains them in terms of current ideas from fluid dynamics and thermodynamics, with frequent use of isentropic coordinates and using the methods of vector calculus. It emphasizes the key roles of water vapor and clouds, includes detailed coverage of energy flows and transformations, and pays close attention to scale interactions. The book also describes the major historical contributions of key scientists, giving a human dimension to the narrative, and it closes with a discussion of how the global circulation is evolving as the Earth’s climate changes. The most comprehensive graduate-level textbook on the subject Written by one of the world’s leading experts Connects global circulation and climate phenomena Addresses energy, moisture, and angular-momentum balance; the hydrologic cycle; and atmospheric turbulence and convection Emphasizes the energy cycle of the atmosphere; the role of moist processes; and circulation as an unpredictable, chaotic process Helps prepare students for research An online illustration package is available to professors
Abrupt Climate Change
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2002-04-23
Abrupt Climate Change written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-23 with Science categories.
The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.
Evaluating The Representation And Impact Of Convective Processes In The Ncar S Community Climate System Model
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Evaluating The Representation And Impact Of Convective Processes In The Ncar S Community Climate System Model written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Convection and clouds affect atmospheric temperature, moisture and wind fields through the heat of condensation and evaporation and through redistributions of heat, moisture and momentum. Individual clouds have a spatial scale of less than 10 km, much smaller than the grid size of several hundred kilometers used in climate models. Therefore the effects of clouds must be approximated in terms of variables that the model can resolve. Deriving such formulations for convection and clouds has been a major challenge for the climate modeling community due to the lack of observations of cloud and microphysical properties. The objective of our DOE CCPP project is to evaluate and improve the representation of convection schemes developed by PIs in the NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research) Community Climate System Model (CCSM) and study its impact on global climate simulations.
Global Climatic Changes In Water And Heat Transfer Accumulation Processes
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Author : S. G. Dobrovolʹskiĭ
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
Release Date : 1992
Global Climatic Changes In Water And Heat Transfer Accumulation Processes written by S. G. Dobrovolʹskiĭ and has been published by Elsevier Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Nature categories.
In this book global heat circulation is studied in connection with changes in large scale water transfer and accumulation processes. Special attention is given to stochastic regularities of the analyzed processes. Some deterministic approaches are also considered, whereby dynamic-stochastic models are used.This study in global heat and moisture circulation is based upon the following main aspects: - substantiation of the hypothesis of a two-scale separation of weather and climatic variables, which forms the basis of the stochastic theory of the climate system; - analysis of the probabilistic structure of changes in the characteristics of heat and moisture circulation in the intermediate and larger (more than 1 month) time scales; - study of regularities of anomalies in the characteristics of heat and moisture circulation in the atmosphere and hydrosphere for large regions through spatial statistic analysis and two-dimensional dynamic-stochastic models; - changes in the structure of temporal variations in stochastic models, under the conditions of modified spatial scales of the processes; - analysis of globally averaged characteristics, such as temperature of the atmosphere and oceans. The work does not claim to be an exhaustive study, but will be of considerable interest to researchers and students in the fields of atmospheric science, oceanography, global change and climate impact assessment.
Climate System Modeling
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Author : Kevin E. Trenberth
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1992
Climate System Modeling written by Kevin E. Trenberth and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Computers categories.
Climate Systems Modeling presents an interdisciplinary and comprehensive study of the dynamics of the whole global system. As a comprehensive text it will appeal to students and researchers concerned with any aspect of climatology and the study of related topics in the broad earth and environmental sciences.
Understanding Atmospheric Change
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Author : Henry Hengeveld
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1994-04
Understanding Atmospheric Change written by Henry Hengeveld and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994-04 with categories.
Addresses two major environmental issues associated with the earth1s atmosphere: global warming and the depletion of the atmosphere1s ozone layer. Begins with an assessment of how the atmosphere naturally influences the earth1s climate and how that climate has behaved in the past. It also deals with the potential depletion of the upper atmosphere1s protective ozone layer. The final chapter considers the linkages between these two issues, other atmospheric pollution problems, and human behavior, and examines what is being done and must be done to respond, both nationally and internationally. 40 charts, maps and tables. Emphasis on Canada.
Climatology
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Author : Robert Rohli
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Release Date : 2011-08-24
Climatology written by Robert Rohli and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-24 with Nature categories.
Updated with the latest data from the field, Climatology, Second Edition presents students with a thorough introduction to the global climatic system. Written for upper-level undergraduate or introductory-level graduate courses, Climatology opens with an overview of climatology basics, including an introduction to the atmosphere and climate systems. The authors then delve into more advanced topics, like the global hydrologic cycle and general and secondary circulations, which are critical for understanding the processes that characterize climate across space and time. Closing with an in-depth look at climate change and the future of climatology, the text looks at sustainability from a climatologist's perspective and ties the climatic system to the rest of the earth-ocean-atmosphere system. --Book Jacket.
Essentials Of The Earth S Climate System
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Author : Roger G. Barry
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-03-17
Essentials Of The Earth S Climate System written by Roger G. Barry and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-17 with Nature categories.
A concise, non-mathematical, full-color introduction to modern climatology, covering the key topics of climate science for intermediate undergraduate students.