Molecular Dynamics Of Additives In Polymers
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Molecular Dynamics Of Additives In Polymers
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Author : A. L. Kovarski
language : en
Publisher: VSP
Release Date : 1997
Molecular Dynamics Of Additives In Polymers written by A. L. Kovarski and has been published by VSP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume focuses on the dynamical behaviour of low-molecular additives in solid polymer matrixes. It covers: types and models of molecular motion in condensed media; dependence of motional frequency on particle structure and size, temperature, volume and stress; and polymer properties and polymeric structures. Extensive analysis of common regularities of rotational and translational dynamics of molecules introduced into polymers are given. The book also includes experimental techniques for molecular mobility evaluation, and features detailed data on rotational dynamics of additives. It should be of interest to specialists in various fields of polymer physical chemistry and materials science.
Molecular Dynamics Of Additives In Polymers
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Author : Alexander Kovarski
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2023-01-27
Molecular Dynamics Of Additives In Polymers written by Alexander Kovarski and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-27 with Science categories.
This volume focuses on the dynamical behaviour of low-molecular additives in solid polymer matrixes. It covers: types and models of molecular motion in condensed media; dependence of motional frequency on particle structure and size, temperature, volume and stress; and polymer properties and polymeric structures. Extensive analysis of common regularities of rotational and translational dynamics of molecules introduced into polymers are given. The book also includes experimental techniques for molecular mobility evaluation, and features detailed data on rotational dynamics of additives. It should be of interest to specialists in various fields of polymer physical chemistry and materials science.
A Molecular Dynamics Investigation Of The Mechanism Of Turbulence Modification By Polymer Additives And Noise Irradiation
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Author : C. J. Montrose
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
A Molecular Dynamics Investigation Of The Mechanism Of Turbulence Modification By Polymer Additives And Noise Irradiation written by C. J. Montrose and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with categories.
Molecular dynamics computer simulation experiments have been carried out to study the response of a dilute short-chain polymer solution subjected to severe flow conditions. Under high amplitude shear flows the polymer molecules were observed to reorient and reconfigure so as to be confined to a plane parallel to the flow direction. Once this situation is achieved, aperiodic cycling between coiled and elongated forms within the plane was observed. No significant enhancement of the intramolecular oscillations was seen, nor was there any flow-induced tension developed in the molecule. Conversely, in a configuration in which one end of the molecule was anchored and a uniform flow of solvent was maintained, scission of an intramolecular bond was found at high solvent flow velocities. The mechanism of bond rupture arose from the flow-driven excitation of intramolecular vibrational modes of motion of the molecule, the steady-state tension arising from viscous drag on the molecule being much smaller than that required for bond scission. Analysis of the flow-induced vibrations leads to the conclusion that bond breaking occurs only when there is substantial excitation of the low frequency acoustical modes of the molecule. This mechanism should also be operative in the degradable of very long-chain polymers in a flow field characterized by an extesional velocity gradient.
The Influence Of Polymer Additives On Velocity And Temperature Fields
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Author : Bernhard Gampert
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Influence Of Polymer Additives On Velocity And Temperature Fields written by Bernhard Gampert and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The Symposium on "The Influence of Polymer Additives on Veloc ity and Temperature Fields" was proposed to the General Assem bly of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Me chanics (IUTAM) by the "Gesellschaft fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik" (GAMM). The Symposium was held under the auspices of IUTAM in association with the "Deutsche Rheologische Ge sellschaft" (DRG) with responsibility for the organization ly ing with B. Gampert (Universitat-GH-Essen). The main aim of this IUTAM Symposium was to consider the funda mental aspects of the phenomena that occur when small amounts of polymers are added to turbulent flows (turbulent drag re duction) and laminar porous media flows. In particular atten tion was devoted to - the influence of molecular parameters of the polymers and solution properties, especially the elongational viscosity, on turbulent flow and laminar porous media flow; the influence of polymers on the turbulence structure in polymer drag reduction
Ionic Liquids In Polymer Systems
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Author : Robin D. Rogers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Ionic Liquids In Polymer Systems written by Robin D. Rogers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book includes manuscripts from well-recognized international research groups that have taken different approaches to using ionic liquids in a variety of polymer applications. The chapters on polymer synthesis cover traditional free radical polymerizations, which have been shown to progress rapidly and yield high molecular weight polymers, and reverse atom transfer polymerizations. The ability to tune molecular weights and synthesize block copolymers has been attributed to long free radical lifetimes in ionic liquids. Other chapters cover a variety of uses for ionic liquids in polymer processing, designing specific material properties, and creating novel composites, such as ion gels and ionic liquid-carbon nanotube constructs. This book represents a new and exciting field in polymer chemistry and physics, and is growing rapidly as more fundamental knowledge of ionic liquids is uncovered.
Additives In Polymers
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Author : Alexandr A. Berlin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-01-05
Additives In Polymers written by Alexandr A. Berlin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-05 with Science categories.
Additives are selected depending on the type of polymers to which they will be added or the application for which they will be used. The appropriate selection of additives helps develop value-added plastics with improved durability as well as other advantages. This research book provides a range of modern techniques and new research on the use of a
Polymer Additives
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Author : Jiri E. Kresta
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Polymer Additives written by Jiri E. Kresta and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Ever since the beginning of the plastics and rubber industry, it was realized that useful products could be produced only if cer tain additives were incorporated into polymers. With the help of these additives, when physically dispersed in a polymer matrix, it has been possible to improve stability against thermal, oxidative, UV, hydrolytic and biological degradation, mechanical properties, flammability, cost, and processibility of plastics. The enormous growth of the volume of plastics consumed by modern society, and new application areas for plastics, have created a demand for new, better additives and better understanding of their functions in polymer systems. As a result of these trends there is a need for sharing of information on progress achieved in the area of polymer additives among engineers and scientists of the plastics industry and academia. This book is based on expanded and updated papers originally presented at the International Symposium on Polymer Additives, which was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, and was sponsored by the American Chemical Society, Division of Polymeric Materials Science and Engi neering. The book is divided into five parts which cover advances in various areas of polymer additives. The first part is devoted to the progress in understanding of UV degradation and stabilization of various polymers. Oxidation degradation and stabilization of plastic materials is covered in the second part. New developments in the stabilization of PVC are presented in the third part.
Understanding Viscosity Modifiers Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
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Author : Michelle Len
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Understanding Viscosity Modifiers Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations written by Michelle Len and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Viscosity modifiers (VMs) are high molecular weight polymers whose functionality is derived from their thickening efficiency, viscosity-temperature relationship, and shear stability. There are now many different additive chemistries and architectures available, all of which have advantages and disadvantages, and affect solution viscosity through different mechanisms. Understanding these mechanisms and how they impart additive function is critical to the development of new viscosity modifiers that enable lubricants to function more efficiently over a wide range of temperatures. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate the mechanisms underlying commonly used VMs using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We first investigated the effect of linear styrene-butadiene polymer structure on the temperature-viscosity behavior of model polymer-base oil solutions. Three different styrene-butadiene polymer configurations were constructed with alternating, random, and block monomer order in a dodecane solvent. Mechanisms underlying this polymer's function were explored by quantifying the coil size and intramolecular interactions. The results indicated that the block styrene-butadiene configuration enabled the formation of small coils with more intramolecular interactions, resulting in the least change in viscosity with temperature, thereby demonstrating a characteristic of a good VM. Next, we studied the effect of polyisobutylene (PIB) on the viscosity of a polyalphaolefin base oil. The mechanisms by which the PIB increased viscosity were explored using the simulations. The results showed that coil size and polymer association did not contribute to solution viscosity. While the results showed that coil size and polymer association did not contribute to solution viscosity, measurements of solvent orientation close to the polymer additive suggested that modification of the solvent by the polymer contributes to viscosity enhancement. Lastly, we investigated hydrocarbon and polymethacrylate comb polymer configurations where the hydrocarbon arms were in different locations on the polymer backbone, and found that association mechanisms may be the underlying mechanism for the observed differences in solution viscosity and performance. In general, the need for optimized VMs will continue to become more important as lubricants are asked to provide better performance under a wider range of operating conditions. This work uses a series of new simulation tools that can study the polymer properties of commonly used VMs through molecular dynamics simulations. Characterizing VMs on the molecular scale is an approach that can provide an understanding of how VMs function and ultimately enable the design of optimized VM polymers.
Polymer Additive Analytics
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Author : Jan C. J. Bart
language : en
Publisher: Firenze University Press
Release Date : 2006
Polymer Additive Analytics written by Jan C. J. Bart and has been published by Firenze University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Science categories.
Additives In Polymers
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Author : Jan C. J. Bart
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2005-04-08
Additives In Polymers written by Jan C. J. Bart and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-04-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This industrially relevant resource covers all established and emerging analytical methods for the deformulation of polymeric materials, with emphasis on the non-polymeric components. Each technique is evaluated on its technical and industrial merits. Emphasis is on understanding (principles and characteristics) and industrial applicability. Extensively illustrated throughout with over 200 figures, 400 tables, and 3,000 references.
