Mortality Amongst Illicit Drug Users
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Mortality Amongst Illicit Drug Users
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Author : Shane Darke
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-09-21
Mortality Amongst Illicit Drug Users written by Shane Darke and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-21 with Medical categories.
Over the past 40 years the rate of illicit drug use worldwide has risen dramatically, and with it the number of deaths reported among drug-using populations. What are the clinical, ethical and psychopathological implications of these deaths? In this book, Shane Darke and his team provide the first full, synthetic review of the epidemiology, causes, prevalence, demography, and associated risk factors of illicit-drug-related mortality. In addition, they examine and evaluate interventions to reduce these deaths. The major causes of death among illicit drug users are overdose, disease, suicide and trauma. Each is independently examined. This is an important book for all clinicians and policy-makers involved in issues relating to illicit drug use.
Mortality Amongst Illicit Drug Users
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Author : Shane Darke
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-09-21
Mortality Amongst Illicit Drug Users written by Shane Darke and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-09-21 with Medical categories.
Over the past 40 years the rate of illicit drug use worldwide has risen dramatically, and with it the number of deaths reported among drug-using populations. What are the clinical, ethical and psychopathological implications of these deaths? In this book, Shane Darke and his team provide the first full, synthetic review of the epidemiology, causes, prevalence, demography, and associated risk factors of illicit-drug-related mortality. In addition, they examine and evaluate interventions to reduce these deaths. The major causes of death among illicit drug users are overdose, disease, suicide and trauma. Each is independently examined. This is an important book for all clinicians and policy makers involved in issues relating to illicit drug use.
Mortality Among People Who Use Illicit Drugs
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Author : Deborah Randall
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Mortality Among People Who Use Illicit Drugs written by Deborah Randall and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Health & Fitness categories.
The Role Of Race And Place In Drug Use And Mortality In The United States
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Author : Hiba Elhaj
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
The Role Of Race And Place In Drug Use And Mortality In The United States written by Hiba Elhaj and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
"Background: Much of the research on the emergence and recent trends in the opioid epidemic in the United States examines differences by either race or place. Yet, the few studies which assess the intersection of these dimensions reveal unexpected findings, which challenge initial assumptions about the uniformity of the epidemic’s impact. As such, this thesis aims to better describe differences in trends of drug overdose mortality and drug-use outcomes for non-Hispanic Blacks and Whites across three metropolitan categories: large metro, small metro, and nonmetro.Objectives: This thesis aims to 1) present trends in all-drug and opioid-related mortality rates between 2003-2018; 2) highlight differences in changes in drug-related mortality before and after the peak of the epidemic in 2015; 3) delineate time trends in illicit drug use and prescription pain reliever misuse between 2003-2018; and 4) describe recent patterns in access to and source of drugs, for Blacks and Whites based on their metropolitan status.Methods: Drug mortality data was obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) WONDER database for national and population level data. Drug use data was obtained from the National Survey for Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), a nationally representative annual survey. Results: For Blacks, drug-related mortality rates between 2003 to 2018 were consistently higher in large and small metro areas than in non-metro areas; such disparities by metro status did not emerge among Whites until 2011. In 2018, opioid-related deaths continued to rise for Blacks in large and small metro areas, but declined for Blacks in nonmetro areas, and for Whites in all metro categories. In contrast to drug-related mortality trends, self-reported drug use trends did not vary greatly between 2003-2018. Despite similar mortality rates prior to 2011, metro-based differences in illicit drug use and prescription pain reliever misuse among Whites were apparent over the entire time period. Among Blacks, illicit drug use was always higher in large and small metro areas; however, there were no metro-based differences in trends in prescription pain reliever misuse. Although reported drug use rates are generally lower, Blacks in all metro categories were more likely than Whites to report being approached by someone selling drugs, and this likelihood was highest among Blacks in large and small metro areas.Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that many of the common narratives in drug use and mortality trends cannot be applied across racial and metropolitan groups. In contrast to common narratives, in recent years the opioid drug overdose epidemic is worsening for Blacks in both large and small metro areas, while it is declining for Whites. Thus, recent intervention efforts may be overlooking a particularly vulnerable subpopulation. Moreover, efforts to address drug use and its outcomes among Blacks should not be limited to large-urban areas, as patterns of drug use and mortality between small and large urban areas are consistently similar. Among rural Blacks, drug-related mortality and illicit drug use were consistently lowest, in spite of heightened risks for drug use for this population. The persistence of this trend is significant and not explained by just barriers in access to prescription opioids. Empirical research is needed to better understand why rates are escalating among more urban Blacks, while remaining low for rural Blacks and declining for Whites in all metro categories. Overall, studying drug-related mortality and drug-use outcomes by race and metropolitan category reveals important differences which may otherwise be masked, and may inform more targeted and effective intervention and policy"--
Health At A Glance Europe 2020 State Of Health In The Eu Cycle
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2020-11-19
Health At A Glance Europe 2020 State Of Health In The Eu Cycle written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-19 with categories.
The 2020 edition of Health at a Glance: Europe focuses on the impact of the COVID‐19 crisis. Chapter 1 provides an initial assessment of the resilience of European health systems to the COVID-19 pandemic and their ability to contain and respond to the worst pandemic in the past century.
Suicidal Behaviours Among Illicit Drug Users
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Author : 張懿德
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-27
Suicidal Behaviours Among Illicit Drug Users written by 張懿德 and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-27 with categories.
This dissertation, "Suicidal Behaviours Among Illicit Drug Users" by 張懿德, Yee-tak, Cheung, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled "Suicidal Behaviours Among Illicit Drug Users" Submitted by Cheung Yee Tak for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in January 2008 Abstract There are serious concerns about the suicidal behaviours shown among illicit drug users. Past studies found out that illicit drug use is a risk factor of suicidal behaviours but the pathway between them from drug use to suicide has yet to be identified. This research explores the relationship between illicit drug use and suicidal behaviours using a sociological framework. Data from official records and a community-based survey show that illicit drug use is highly prevalent among suicide deaths and non fatal suicide attempts. Suicide deceased who are dependent on heroin are different from those of using psychotropic substances in age, medical background, suicide methods and past suicide history. Illicit drug use poses a greater risk of suicide to male than their female counterparts, as it induces excess stress relating to financial difficulties and work problems due to male's traditional role of breadwinner in a family. Compared with the controlled community subjects, drug users are more prevalent in some risk factors relating to their social relationship and negative life events. Results from a cumulative logit modeling concluded that serious problems with family, hopeless about future and negative coping are the major risk factors of suicide ideations and attempts. Accessibility of fatal heroin and misuse of ice and midazolam cast a catalytic effect in leading to suicidal behaviours. Based on the conceptual framework of Durkheim's suicide theories and Wilkinson's idea on anxiety, the findings explain how low level of social integration and regulation attribute to the anxiety feeling about uncertain future. Suicide is such a taboo which is not accepted in our society. However, the weakened bond between drug users and community constitute their untying of such societal bound in resisting against committing suicide. Besides, lifetime crisis such as failure of abstinence from drug addiction and relationship problems dispose drug users in an insecurity state. In this state, they experience the hardship to preoccupy the future uncertainty and hence the level of anxiety rises up. The act of suicide is also to express their "fantasy aim" of seeking attention from other people. It adds that drug users try to violate the social tie by suicide attempt to redeem the integration with their family and friends. Findings in this thesis support that illicit drug use can be a direct and indirect role in constituting various levels of suicidal behaviours. This thesis takes other confounding factors into account in explaining the complicated pathways. In other words, the occurrence of suicidal behaviours among drug users is an outcome of specific illicit drug use, its associated difficulties, societal suppress and drug users' psychological stresses. (428 words) DOI: 10.5353/th_b3955699 Subjects: Suicidal behavior Drug addicts - Psychology Drug abuse
The Health Effects Of Cannabis And Cannabinoids
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-03-31
The Health Effects Of Cannabis And Cannabinoids written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-31 with Science categories.
Significant changes have taken place in the policy landscape surrounding cannabis legalization, production, and use. During the past 20 years, 25 states and the District of Columbia have legalized cannabis and/or cannabidiol (a component of cannabis) for medical conditions or retail sales at the state level and 4 states have legalized both the medical and recreational use of cannabis. These landmark changes in policy have impacted cannabis use patterns and perceived levels of risk. However, despite this changing landscape, evidence regarding the short- and long-term health effects of cannabis use remains elusive. While a myriad of studies have examined cannabis use in all its various forms, often these research conclusions are not appropriately synthesized, translated for, or communicated to policy makers, health care providers, state health officials, or other stakeholders who have been charged with influencing and enacting policies, procedures, and laws related to cannabis use. Unlike other controlled substances such as alcohol or tobacco, no accepted standards for safe use or appropriate dose are available to help guide individuals as they make choices regarding the issues of if, when, where, and how to use cannabis safely and, in regard to therapeutic uses, effectively. Shifting public sentiment, conflicting and impeded scientific research, and legislative battles have fueled the debate about what, if any, harms or benefits can be attributed to the use of cannabis or its derivatives, and this lack of aggregated knowledge has broad public health implications. The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids provides a comprehensive review of scientific evidence related to the health effects and potential therapeutic benefits of cannabis. This report provides a research agendaâ€"outlining gaps in current knowledge and opportunities for providing additional insight into these issuesâ€"that summarizes and prioritizes pressing research needs.
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 4
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Author : Vikram Patel
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2016-03-10
Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 4 written by Vikram Patel and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-10 with Medical categories.
Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are common, highly disabling, and associated with significant premature mortality. The impact of these disorders on the social and economic well-being of individuals, families, and societies is large, growing, and underestimated. Despite this burden, these disorders have been systematically neglected, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, with pitifully small contributions to scaling up cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies. Systematically compiling the substantial existing knowledge to address this inequity is the central goal of this volume. This evidence-base can help policy makers in resource-constrained settings as they prioritize programs and interventions to address these disorders.
Morbidity And Mortality Related To Alcohol Tobacco And Illicit Drug Use Among Indigenous People In Canada
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Author : Canada. Department of Health
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996*
Morbidity And Mortality Related To Alcohol Tobacco And Illicit Drug Use Among Indigenous People In Canada written by Canada. Department of Health and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996* with Canada categories.
Morbidity And Mortality Related To Alcohol Tobacco And Illicit Drug Use Among Indigenous People In Canada
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Author : Eric Single
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Morbidity And Mortality Related To Alcohol Tobacco And Illicit Drug Use Among Indigenous People In Canada written by Eric Single and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.