Multiple Inverse Diffusion Flame Synthesis Of Carbon Nanomaterials
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Multiple Inverse Diffusion Flame Synthesis Of Carbon Nanomaterials
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Author : Nasir K. Memon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Multiple Inverse Diffusion Flame Synthesis Of Carbon Nanomaterials written by Nasir K. Memon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Carbon categories.
Carbon nanomaterials exhibit many remarkable electrical and physical properties. An ongoing challenge associated with specific novel carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene, is the development of large-scale production methods at low cost. The broad objective of this work is to investigate flame synthesis of carbon nanomaterials, specifically graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), using open-atmosphere processing, with an eye towards scalability. An experimental study using a novel setup, based on multiple inverse-diffusion flames is undertaken to investigate the direct flame-synthesis of CNTs and graphene on metal substrates. Few-layer graphene (FLG) is grown on copper and nickel substrates at high rates using the novel flame-synthesis burner. Substrate material (i.e. copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, and copper-nickel alloy), along with its temperature and hydrogen pretreatment, strongly impacts the quality and uniformity of the graphene films. The growth of FLG occurs in the temperature range 750-950°C for copper and 600-850°C for nickel and cobalt. For iron, the growth of graphene is not exclusively observed. CNT growth is observed on a number of substrates. Transitional growth between CNTs and graphene films occurs on nickel and nickel alloys, depending on composition and temperature. For nickel, copper-nickel, nitinol, and Inconel substrates, CNTs grow at 500°C. The transitional growth to few-layer graphene is observed on nickel, copper-nickel and Inconel by changing the substrate temperature to 850°C. The growth of graphene is not observed on nitinol for the examined experimental conditions. The growth of few-layer graphene films and CNTs are also investigated using various metal-oxide spinels as catalysts. The growth of CNTs is examined on NiAl2O4, CoAl2O4 and ZnFe2O4 using counterflow diffusion flame and multiple inverse-diffusion flames, while the growth of graphene is examined on CuFe2O4 using multiple inverse-diffusion flames. Finally, the growth of CNTs and iron oxide is studied on stainless steel. At low temperatures (500oC) the growth of [alpha]-Fe2O3 is observed, while at higher temperatures (850oC) the growth of CNTs is observed. Additionally, by following a two-step growth process, where the temperature is changed from 500oC to 850oC, the growth of CNTs and [gamma]-Fe2O3 occurs.
Investigating Flame Based Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes And Metal Oxide Nanowires
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Author : Fusheng Xu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Investigating Flame Based Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes And Metal Oxide Nanowires written by Fusheng Xu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Nanotubes categories.
The synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and metal-oxide nanowires (e.g. ZnO, WO2.9) are examined experimentally by inserting probes into various flame geometries at atmospheric pressure. The main probed-flame configurations are the inverse co-flow diffusion flame (IDF) and the counter-flow diffusion flame (CDF), which are compared with each other to assess the translatability of local synthesis conditions in producing the same growth attributes and morphologies. The CDF is characterized using laser-based spontaneous Raman spectroscopy (SRS), and validated with simulations using detailed chemical kinetics and transport. SRS is used to measure local conditions in the 2-D axi-symmetric IDF. Properties of the as-synthesized nanostructures are determined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), and resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS). Various morphologies of CNTs are grown catalytically on metal-alloy substrates of different compositions (i.e., Fe, Fe/Cr, Ni/Cu, Ni/Ti, Ni/Cr, Ni/Cr/Fe), as well as on metal-oxide solid solutions (i.e. NiAl2O4, CoAl2O4 and ZnFe2O4). Vertically well-aligned multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) with uniform diameters are obtained from Ni/Cr/Fe and Ni/Ti alloys. CNTs produced from ZnFe2O4 substrates are found to be a mixture of MWNTs and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with at least 30% SWNTs by number. Effects of local gas-phase temperature, substrate temperature, carbon-based precursor species concentrations, and substrate voltage bias on CNT formation, diameter, growth rate, yield, density, and morphology are investigated. Aligned single-crystal tungsten oxide nanowires with diameters of 20-50nm are grown directly from tungsten substrates at high rates, with local gas-phase temperature and chemical species specified at the substrate for self-synthesis. Voltage bias is shown to dramatically alter the morphologies of the as-synthesized WOx nanomaterial. Single-crystalline ZnO nanowires are grown directly on zinc-plated steel substrates at high rates with no catalysts. Larger-diameter (>100nm) nanowires are produced at higher temperatures; while smaller-diameter (25-40nm) nanowires are produced at lower temperatures, and only on the fuel side of the reaction zone. Reactions with H2O appear to be the dominant route for nanowire synthesis. Nanoribbons and other nanowire-based morphologies are also found and discussed.
Methods And Applications For Modeling And Simulation Of Complex Systems
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Author : Fazilah Hassan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-11-13
Methods And Applications For Modeling And Simulation Of Complex Systems written by Fazilah Hassan and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-11-13 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd Asia Simulation Conference on Methods and Applications for Modeling and Simulation of Complex Systems, AsiaSim 2023, held in Langkawi, Malaysia, during October 25–26, 2023. The 77 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Modelling and Simulation, Artificial intelligence, Industry 4.0, Digital Twins Modelling, Simulation and Gaming, Simulation for Engineering, Simulation for Sustainable Development, Simulation in Social Sciences.
Combustion Chemistry And The Carbon Neutral Future
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Author : Kenneth Brezinsky
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2023-02-16
Combustion Chemistry And The Carbon Neutral Future written by Kenneth Brezinsky and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-02-16 with Science categories.
As the demands for cleaner, more efficient, reduced and zero carbon emitting transportation increase, the traditional focus of Combustion Chemistry research is stretching and adapting to help provide solutions to these contemporary issues. Combustion Chemistry and the Carbon Neutral Future: What will the Next 25 Years of Research Require? presents a guide to current research in the field and an exploration of possible future steps as we move towards cleaner, greener and reduced carbon combustion chemistry. Beginning with a discussion of engine emissions and soot, the book goes on to discuss a range of alternative fuels, including hydrogen, ammonia, small alcohols and other bio-oxygenates, natural gas, syngas and synthesized hydrocarbon fuels. Methods for predicting and improving efficiency and sustainability, such as low temperature and catalytic combustion, chemical looping, supercritical fluid combustion, and diagnostic monitoring even at high pressure, are then explored. Some novel aspects of biomass derived aviation fuels and combustion synthesis are also covered. Combining the knowledge and experience of an interdisciplinary team of experts in the field, Combustion Chemistry and the Carbon Neutral Future: What will the Next 25 Years of Research Require? is an insightful guide to current and future focus areas for combustion chemistry researchers in line with the transition to greener, cleaner technologies. Provides insight on current developments in combustion chemistry as a tool for supporting a reduced-carbon future Reviews modeling and diagnostic tools, in addition to key approaches and alternative fuels Includes projections for the future from leaders in the field, pointing current and prospective researchers to potentially fruitful areas for exploration
Graphene Science Handbook
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Author : Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-27
Graphene Science Handbook written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-27 with Science categories.
Explores Chemical-Based, Non-Chemical Based, and Advanced Fabrication MethodsThe Graphene Science Handbook is a six-volume set that describes graphene's special structural, electrical, and chemical properties. The book considers how these properties can be used in different applications (including the development of batteries, fuel cells, photovolt
Synthesis Of Carbon Nano Materials In Methane Ethylene Jet Diffusion Flames Modulated By Acoustic Excitation
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Author : 沙珊蒂
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Synthesis Of Carbon Nano Materials In Methane Ethylene Jet Diffusion Flames Modulated By Acoustic Excitation written by 沙珊蒂 and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Carbon Nanomaterials For Agri Food And Environmental Applications
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Author : Kamel Ahmed Abd-Elsalam
language : en
Publisher: Micro & Nano Technologies
Release Date : 2019-11
Carbon Nanomaterials For Agri Food And Environmental Applications written by Kamel Ahmed Abd-Elsalam and has been published by Micro & Nano Technologies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11 with categories.
Carbon Nanomaterials for Agri-food and Environmental Applications discusses the characterization, processing and applications of carbon-based nanostructured materials in the agricultural and environmental sectors. Sections discuss the synthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes, the technological developments in environmental applications of carbon-based nanomaterials, and agri-food applications. The book also covers the toxic effects of engineered carbon nanoparticles on the environment, and in plants and animals. Finally, quality control and risk management are addressed to assess health and environmental risks. This is an applicable book for graduate students, researchers and those in industrial sectors of science and technology who want to learn more about carbon nanomaterials. Compares a range of carbon-based nanomaterials, showing how they are used for a range of agricultural and environmental applications Discusses the challenges and toxicity of different types of carbon-based nanomaterials for environmental and agricultural applications Explores when different classes of nanomaterial should be used in different environments
Graphene Science Handbook Six Volume Set
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Author : Mahmood Aliofkhazraei
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2016-04-26
Graphene Science Handbook Six Volume Set written by Mahmood Aliofkhazraei and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-26 with Science categories.
Graphene is the strongest material ever studied and can be an efficient substitute for silicon. This six-volume handbook focuses on fabrication methods, nanostructure and atomic arrangement, electrical and optical properties, mechanical and chemical properties, size-dependent properties, and applications and industrialization. There is no other major reference work of this scope on the topic of graphene, which is one of the most researched materials of the twenty-first century. The set includes contributions from top researchers in the field and a foreword written by two Nobel laureates in physics. Volumes in the set: K20503 Graphene Science Handbook: Mechanical and Chemical Properties (ISBN: 9781466591233) K20505 Graphene Science Handbook: Fabrication Methods (ISBN: 9781466591271) K20507 Graphene Science Handbook: Electrical and Optical Properties (ISBN: 9781466591318) K20508 Graphene Science Handbook: Applications and Industrialization (ISBN: 9781466591332) K20509 Graphene Science Handbook: Size-Dependent Properties (ISBN: 9781466591356) K20510 Graphene Science Handbook: Nanostructure and Atomic Arrangement (ISBN: 9781466591370)
Current Transport Modeling Of Carbon Nanotubes
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Author : Jose Mauricio Marulanda
language : en
Publisher: Current transport in CNTs
Release Date :
Current Transport Modeling Of Carbon Nanotubes written by Jose Mauricio Marulanda and has been published by Current transport in CNTs this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Flame Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes And Related Carbon Nano Materials
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Author : Wilson Eduardo Merchan-Merchan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Flame Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes And Related Carbon Nano Materials written by Wilson Eduardo Merchan-Merchan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.