New Foundation In The Sciences

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The Unity Of Science And Economics

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Author : Jing Chen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-11-06

The Unity Of Science And Economics written by Jing Chen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-06 with Science categories.

This book presents a new economic theory developed from physical and biological principles. It explains how technology, social systems and economic values are intimately related to resources. Many people have recognized that mainstream (neoclassical) economic theories are not consistent with physical laws and often not consistent with empirical patterns, but most feel that economic activities are too complex to be described by a simple and coherent mathematical theory. While social systems are indeed complex, all life systems, including social systems, satisfy two principles. First, all systems need to extract resources from the external environment to compensate for their consumption. Second, for a system to be viable, the amount of resource extraction has to be no less than the level of consumption. From these two principles, we derive a quantitative theory of major factors in economic activities, such as fixed cost, variable cost, discount rate, uncertainty and duration. The mathematical theory enables us to systematically measure the effectiveness of different policies and institutional structures at varying levels of resource abundance and cost.The theory presented in this book shows that there do not exist universally optimal policies or institutional structures. Instead, the impacts of different policies or social structures have to be measured within the context of existing levels of resource abundance. As the physical costs of extracting resources rise steadily, many policy assumptions adopted in mainstream economic theories, and workable in times of cheap and abundant energy supplies and other resources, need to be reconsidered. In this rapidly changing world, the theory presented here provides a solid foundation for examining the long-term impacts of today's policy decisions.

Publication

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991

Publication written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Income tax categories.

Social Science For What

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Author : Mark Solovey
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2020-07-07

Social Science For What written by Mark Solovey and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-07 with Political Science categories.

How the NSF became an important yet controversial patron for the social sciences, influencing debates over their scientific status and social relevance. In the early Cold War years, the U.S. government established the National Science Foundation (NSF), a civilian agency that soon became widely known for its dedication to supporting first-rate science. The agency's 1950 enabling legislation made no mention of the social sciences, although it included a vague reference to "other sciences." Nevertheless, as Mark Solovey shows in this book, the NSF also soon became a major--albeit controversial--source of public funding for them.

National Foundation For Social Sciences

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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Subcommittee on Government Research
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967

National Foundation For Social Sciences written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Subcommittee on Government Research and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with Social sciences categories.

National Foundation For Social Sciences

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Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Government Operations Committee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1967

National Foundation For Social Sciences written by United States. Congress. Senate. Government Operations Committee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1967 with categories.

National Science Foundation

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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1947

National Science Foundation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1947 with National science foundation (Proposed) categories.

Considers legislation proposing the establishment of a National Science Foundation.

Generative Complexity In A Complex Generative World

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Author : Ton Jörg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-12

Generative Complexity In A Complex Generative World written by Ton Jörg and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-12 with Science categories.

This book introduces a refreshing approach to twenty-first-century scientific approach in an age, which is also known as the Century of Complexity. It deals with the deep problem of complexity, being operative from the bottom-up. The current lack of understanding of complexity has led scholars into the so-called embarrassment of complexity. A long overdue paradigm shift is necessary to address complexity as generative complexity and brings readers to the edge of a scientific revolution: that is, a generative revolution in the Century of Complexity. The book offers a radical shift of paradigm from the paradigm of simplifying into the new generative paradigm of complexifying about processes that develop from the bottom-up. The book links complex generative reality with a corresponding radical new generative nature of order and explores new fronts in science. This book explores innovative concepts of interaction, of causality, of the unit of study, and of reality itself and enables readers to see complexity as generative, emergent complexity as being operative from the bottom-up. The book discusses and suggests solutions for the problem of complexity in this Century of Complexity. The author provides a new understanding of complexity based on a generative flux of forces and relations. The book aims to bring about a fundamental and foundational change in how we view and ‘do’ science for an interdisciplinary audience of academics ranging from social science and humanities to economy and biology.

Transforming American Science

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Author : Jonathan Engel
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-04-11

Transforming American Science written by Jonathan Engel and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-11 with History categories.

Transforming American Science documents the ways in which federal funds catalyzed or accelerated changes in both university culture and the broader system of American higher education during the post-World War II decades. The events of the book lie within the context of the Cold War, when pressure to maintain parity with the Soviet Union impelled more generous government spending and a willingness of some universities to reorient their missions in the service of country and of science. The book draws upon a substantial amount of archival research conducted in various university archives (MIT, Berkeley, Stanford) as well as at the Library of Congress, the National Archives, and various presidential libraries. Author Jonathan Engel considers the repurposing of the wartime Manhattan Engineering District and the Office of Naval Research to robust peacetime roles in supporting the nation's expanding research efforts, along with the birth of the National Science Foundation, space exploration, and atoms for peace among other topics. This volume is the perfect resource for all those interested in Cold War history and in the history of American science and technology policy.

Handbook Of Applied Developmental Science

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Author : Richard M. Lerner
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2003

Handbook Of Applied Developmental Science written by Richard M. Lerner and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Family & Relationships categories.

The Handbook of Applied Developmental Science is the only work to comprehensively present the latest theory, research, and application from applied developmental science (ADS) and the positive psychology movement. It summarizes and synthesizes the best scientific knowledge from ADS to help readers understand the efforts being made around the world to ensure that all children and adolescents develop into healthy adults who contribute positively to society. The Handbook is also the first resource to organize and integrate both the prevention and promotion approaches to programs and policies for children, adolescents, and families. In addition, the Handbook provides a detailed road map for future research and for actions that will promote positive child, youth, and family development. Published in four volumes, the Handbook features 95 chapters by more than 150 contributors, many of who are renowned leaders in the field. Volume 1 describes the foundation of applied developmental science, its historical development, and current scientific and professional efforts to develop policies and programs that promote positive child, adolescent, and family development. Volume 2 examines public policy and government service systems. Volume 3 discusses community systems for enhancing citizenship and promoting a civil society. Finally, Volume 4 outlines methods for university engagement and academic outreach. Feature and Benefits - Four comprehensive, topical volumes - Approximately 2,200 pages - 95 chapters - More than 150 contributors, many of whom are world-renowned leaders in applied development science from the academic, professional, and policy and political arenas - Forewords for each volume written by well-known authorities, including Edward Zigler, co-founder of the Head Start program; US Congressman Elijah E Cummings; David Bell, International Youth Foundation; and Graham Spanier, President, The Pennsylvania State University Designed for a wide audience the Handbook will be an important addition to your library collection. It offers a single source for information about fostering generations of healthy children and families. It is designed specifically to meet the needs of: - Faculty and students in the fields of psychology, human development, family studies, policy studies, nursing, allied health, and education - Staff and volunteers working in non-governmental organizations - Members of local, state, national, and international government organizations and personnel involved in policy and program development and funding - Directors and staff at foundations that administer programs aimed at promoting positive your and family development

National Science Foundation Reauthorization

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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Research and Science Education
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

National Science Foundation Reauthorization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Research and Science Education and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Federal aid to research categories.