Nicole Oresme S De Visione Stellarum On Seeing The Stars
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De Visione Stellarum
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Author : Dan Burton
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2007
De Visione Stellarum written by Dan Burton and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
In this critical edition of Nicole Oresme's 14th-century treatise on atmospheric refraction, Oresme uses optics and infinitesimals to help solve this vexing problem of astronomy, proposing that light travels along a curve through the atmosphere, centuries before Hooke and Newton.
A History Of Natural Philosophy
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Author : Edward Grant
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-01-22
A History Of Natural Philosophy written by Edward Grant and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Natural philosophy encompassed all natural phenomena of the physical world. It sought to discover the physical causes of all natural effects and was little concerned with mathematics. By contrast, the exact mathematical sciences were narrowly confined to various computations that did not involve physical causes, functioning totally independently of natural philosophy. Although this began slowly to change in the late Middle Ages, a much more thoroughgoing union of natural philosophy and mathematics occurred in the seventeenth century and thereby made the Scientific Revolution possible. The title of Isaac Newton's great work, The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, perfectly reflects the new relationship. Natural philosophy became the 'Great Mother of the Sciences', which by the nineteenth century had nourished the manifold chemical, physical, and biological sciences to maturity, thus enabling them to leave the 'Great Mother' and emerge as the multiplicity of independent sciences we know today.
Fearful Spirits Reasoned Follies
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Author : Michael D. Bailey
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2017-11-15
Fearful Spirits Reasoned Follies written by Michael D. Bailey and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-15 with History categories.
Superstitions are commonplace in the modern world. Mostly, however, they evoke innocuous images of people reading their horoscopes or avoiding black cats. Certain religious practices might also come to mind—praying to St. Christopher or lighting candles for the dead. Benign as they might seem today, such practices were not always perceived that way. In medieval Europe superstitions were considered serious offenses, violations of essential precepts of Christian doctrine or immutable natural laws. But how and why did this come to be? In Fearful Spirits, Reasoned Follies, Michael D. Bailey explores the thorny concept of superstition as it was understood and debated in the Middle Ages. Bailey begins by tracing Christian thinking about superstition from the patristic period through the early and high Middle Ages. He then turns to the later Middle Ages, a period that witnessed an outpouring of writings devoted to superstition—tracts and treatises with titles such as De superstitionibus and Contra vitia superstitionum. Most were written by theologians and other academics based in Europe’s universities and courts, men who were increasingly anxious about the proliferation of suspect beliefs and practices, from elite ritual magic to common healing charms, from astrological divination to the observance of signs and omens. As Bailey shows, however, authorities were far more sophisticated in their reasoning than one might suspect, using accusations of superstition in a calculated way to control the boundaries of legitimate religion and acceptable science. This in turn would lay the conceptual groundwork for future discussions of religion, science, and magic in the early modern world. Indeed, by revealing the extent to which early modern thinkers took up old questions about the operation of natural properties and forces using the vocabulary of science rather than of belief, Bailey exposes the powerful but in many ways false dichotomy between the "superstitious" Middle Ages and "rational" European modernity.
Atomism In Late Medieval Philosophy And Theology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2009-01-31
Atomism In Late Medieval Philosophy And Theology written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-31 with History categories.
Drawing a new portrait of late medieval conflicts between atomists and anti-atomists, this book offers a new outlook on the fourteenth century's development of sciences.
The Astronomical Tables Of Giovanni Bianchini
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Author : José Chabás
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2009-05-06
The Astronomical Tables Of Giovanni Bianchini written by José Chabás and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-06 with History categories.
The Alfonsine Tables became the main computing tool for astronomers for about 250 years, from their compilation in Toledo ca. 1272 to the edition in 1551 of new tables based on Copernicus’s astronomical models. It consisted of a set of astronomical tables which, over time, was presented in many different formats. Giovanni Bianchini (d. after 1469), an astronomer active in Ferrara, Italy, was among the few scholars of that extended period to compile a coherent and insightful set based on the Alfonsine Tables. His tables, described and analyzed here for the first time, played a remarkable role in the transmission of the Alfonsine Tables and in their transition from manuscript to print. Medieval and Early Modern Science, 10
Ordering The Heavens
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Author : Bruce Eastwood
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2007
Ordering The Heavens written by Bruce Eastwood and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Science categories.
Based on scores of medieval manuscript texts and diagrams, the book shows how Roman sources were used in the age of Charlemagne to reintroduce and expand a qualitative picture of articulated geometrical order in the heavens.
Nicole Oresme Questiones Super Geometriam Euclidis
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Author : Nicole Oresme
language : en
Publisher: Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH
Release Date : 2010
Nicole Oresme Questiones Super Geometriam Euclidis written by Nicole Oresme and has been published by Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with History categories.
Nicole Oresme (ca. 1320-1384) was one of the most important intellectual figures of the scholastic period: not only was he a leading philosopher, theologian, astronomer and mathematician, but he was also involved in practical matters - he was secretary to the king of France, he was bishop of Lisieux, and he was involved in the assessment of coins and associated political problems. He took part in the teaching of scholastic philosophy, writing numerous commentaries on Aristotle. His contributions to the so-called "latitude of forms", i.e. the quantification of qualities, are universally recognized in modern scholarship. Also connected with university education are his Questiones on the Elements of Euclid, the basic and most widely read of the Greek mathematical classics. These Questiones cannot be regarded as a commentary, but rather examine problems suggested by Euclid's text. Among the subjects investigated are the quantitative change of qualities, e.g. of velocity, colours or heat, in time. There are penetrating analyses of infinite and infinitesimal qualities.
Scientific Values And Civic Virtues
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Author : Noretta Koertge
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
Release Date : 2005-08-04
Scientific Values And Civic Virtues written by Noretta Koertge and has been published by Oxford University Press on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-08-04 with Philosophy categories.
The contributors - who include philosophers, political scientists, feminist theorists, physicists & engineers - argue that science can broadly inspire the civic virtues of an educated & tolerant global enterprise dedicated to the common good.
Dictionnaire Des Philosophes M Di Vaux
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Author : Benoît Patar
language : fr
Publisher: Les Editions Fides
Release Date : 2006
Dictionnaire Des Philosophes M Di Vaux written by Benoît Patar and has been published by Les Editions Fides this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Ce dictionnaire est la refonte complète et fortement augmentée d'un Dictionnaire abrégé des philosophes médiévaux paru en 2000. Il est le fruit de recherches menées depuis plus de trente-cinq ans et se veut un instrument de haute érudition tout autant qu'un outil de consultation. Il n'est donc pas réservé seulement aux spécialistes de la philosophie médiévale, mais s'adresse aussi à quiconque s'intéresse de près ou de loin aux grandes orientations de la pensée du Moyen Age. Il comprend plus de 450 entrées consacrées aussi bien à des penseurs occidentaux, tels que Pierre Abélard, Philippe le Chancelier, Duns Scot, Buridan, Ockham ou Thomas d'Aquin, qu'à des philosophes arabes, tels que Al-Fârâbî, Avempace, Avicenne ou Averroès, ou juifs, tels que Maïmonide ou Gersonide. Il passe également en revue les principaux savants, traducteurs et auteurs spirituels de cette époque, tout en les replaçant dans les courants de pensée qui leur sont contemporains. Pour la première fois, un ouvrage de langue française permet de faire la synthèse à peu près complète des grandes orientations doctrinales de l'Antiquité finissante et du Moyen Age.
Diagrammatik Reader
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Author : Birgit Schneider
language : de
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2016-10-24
Diagrammatik Reader written by Birgit Schneider and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-24 with Art categories.
In den letzten Jahren hat das theoretische und praktische Interesse an Diagrammen stark zugenommen. Kultur- und Bildwissenschaft, Philosophie, Medientheorie, Gestaltung und Kognitionsforschung sind gleichermaßen am epistemischen Gebrauch diagrammatischer Bild- und Denkformen interessiert. Bislang gibt es jedoch keine gemeinsame Lektürebasis, die die Diskussionen zu diesem Thema bündelt. In Form einer Anthologie bietet dieser Reader klassische und innovative Schlüsseltexte zur Diagrammatik aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven an. Diese enthält Texte zu theoretischen, praktischen und historischen Dimensionen des Denkens und Darstellens mit und von Diagrammen seit der griechischen Antike. Ein kommentierter Bildteil veranschaulicht die reiche Geschichte der Diagrammatik anhand konkreter Beispiele.