Nitrogen Turnover In The Soil Crop System
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Nitrogen Turnover In The Soil Crop System
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Author : J.J. Groot
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Nitrogen Turnover In The Soil Crop System written by J.J. Groot and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Nature categories.
In the Netherlands the Institute for Soil Fertility Research plays a major role in soil biological, soil physical and plant nutritional research on the availability of nitrogen to crops. Main subjects of research are nitrogen turnover in the crop-soil ecosystem through biological transformations, nitrogen transport through the soil and nitrogen losses by leaching, denitrification and volatilization, and nitrogen use efficiency of various crops and cropping systems. The current knowledge in the different fields of research is integrated in simulation models. Simulation models not only make it possible to summarize and structure knowledge, but also, after verification, to extra- late the knowledge to situations different from the situations that have actually been studied. Such research is also carried out in other European and non-European countries. To compare the various simulation models currently in use, a workshop was organized by the Institute for Soil Fertility Research on 5-6 June 1990 on the occasion of its centennial. The title of the workshop was 'Nitrogen turnover in the soil-crop ::cosystem: modelling of biological transformations, transport of nitrogen and nitrogen use efficiency'. The 40 Jarticipants, who came from Canada and various European countries, were requested to run their model with data Jrovided by the Institute prior to the workshop. Data from 18 cases were made available to the participants: three ocations, three treatments, and two seasons.
Nitrogen Turnover In The Soil Crop System
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Author : J. J. R. Groot
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Nitrogen Turnover In The Soil Crop System written by J. J. R. Groot and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with categories.
Nitrogen Turnover And Leaching In Cropping Systems With Ryegrass Catch Crops
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Author : Helena Aronsson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Nitrogen Turnover And Leaching In Cropping Systems With Ryegrass Catch Crops written by Helena Aronsson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Catch crops categories.
Modelling Water And Nutrient Dynamics In Soil Crop Systems
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Author : K.Ch. Kersebaum
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-05-10
Modelling Water And Nutrient Dynamics In Soil Crop Systems written by K.Ch. Kersebaum and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-10 with Science categories.
This book contains articles from a workshop on the modeling of water and nutrient dynamics in crop-soil systems. Data sets from lysimeters and experimental fields of multiyear crop rotations were provided for modelers. A unique data set is provided of a 100-year, long-term field experiment into crop yield and organic carbon development under different management systems. The book includes a detailed description of data sets which can be used by modelers and the papers describe the applications of 18 different modeling approaches.
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics In Flooded Soils
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Author : G. J. D. Kirk
language : en
Publisher: Int. Rice Res. Inst.
Release Date : 2000
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics In Flooded Soils written by G. J. D. Kirk and has been published by Int. Rice Res. Inst. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Rice categories.
Nitrogen In Agricultural Systems
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Author : James Stuart Schepers
language : en
Publisher: ASA-CSSA-SSSA
Release Date : 2008
Nitrogen In Agricultural Systems written by James Stuart Schepers and has been published by ASA-CSSA-SSSA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Review of the principles and management implications related to nitrogen in the soil-plant-water system.
Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Saturation In Crop Pasture Agricultural Systems
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Author : Maria Pravia Nin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Saturation In Crop Pasture Agricultural Systems written by Maria Pravia Nin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Integrated crop-pasture systems can produce high grain yields without large inputs of external nitrogen (N). The extraction of N in grain and animal products, as well as gaseous, leaching and runoff losses should be offset by N fixation during the pasture phase of the integrated crop-pasture systems. The N would be timely delivered in moments of fast crop growth. The design of systems based on these intrinsic synergies offer a pathway for sustainable intensification of agriculture. In this dissertation, I propose that the carbon (C) and N cycling in crop-pasture rotations can be explained by soil C (Cs) saturation theory, and some degree of de-coupling of the C and N cycling. To this end, I developed hypotheses that integrate the concepts of C and N saturation. I tested these hypotheses by combing agroecosystem simulation models and soil incubations using stable isotopes tracing techniques. The systems modeled and the soils for incubations were obtained from long-term crop-pasture rotation experiments at the Instituto Nacional de Investigacin Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay. Rotation systems that included perennial species showed greater N mineralization and immobilization when simulated with the Cycles agroecosystem model. Soil C stocks evolution and subsoil Cs distribution were more accurately simulated when the model included an algorithm for Cs saturation than when excluding it, indicating that this mechanism can explain Cs cycling. Soil sampling showed greater Cs saturation levels on the topsoil of systems including perennial species. The incubation of soils with residues enriched in 13C and 15N showed that Cs decomposition increased as Cs saturation increased, and Cs humification and N retention decreased. This accelerated turnover with increased Cs saturation underpins N supply in crop-pasture systems. Despite the link observed between Cs and N saturation mechanisms, some degree of decoupling was revealed by a decreasing C:N ratio of the retained or newly formed organic matter as Cs saturation increased. This lowering of the C:N ratio indicates higher N than C retention, buffering N losses in relatively Cs saturated soils. Overall, this dissertation supports soil C saturation theory and the implied reduction in the retention of C and acceleration of turnover as saturation increases, and suggests that C saturation is a fundamental pillar of the integrated crop-pasture systems function and sustainability.
Agriculture And The Nitrogen Cycle
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Author : Arvin Mosier
language : en
Publisher: Island Press
Release Date : 2013-04-10
Agriculture And The Nitrogen Cycle written by Arvin Mosier and has been published by Island Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-10 with Science categories.
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and a key agricultural input-but in excess it can lead to a host of problems for human and ecological health. Across the globe, distribution of fertilizer nitrogen is very uneven, with some areas subject to nitrogen pollution and others suffering from reduced soil fertility, diminished crop production, and other consequences of inadequate supply. Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle provides a global assessment of the role of nitrogen fertilizer in the nitrogen cycle. The focus of the book is regional, emphasizing the need to maintain food and fiber production while minimizing environmental impacts where fertilizer is abundant, and the need to enhance fertilizer utilization in systems where nitrogen is limited. The book is derived from a workshop held by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) in Kampala, Uganda, that brought together the world's leading scientists to examine and discuss the nitrogen cycle and related problems. It contains an overview chapter that summarizes the group's findings, four chapters on cross-cutting issues, and thirteen background chapters. The book offers a unique synthesis and provides an up-to-date, broad perspective on the issues of nitrogen fertilizer in food production and the interaction of nitrogen and the environment.
Nitrogen In The Environment Sources Problems And Management
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Author : R.F. Follett
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2001-12-03
Nitrogen In The Environment Sources Problems And Management written by R.F. Follett and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-12-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nitrogen in the Environment: Sources, Problems, and Management is the first volume to provide a holistic perspective and comprehensive treatment of nitrogen from field, to ecosystem, to treatment of urban and rural drinking water supplies, while also including a historical overview, human health impacts and policy considerations. It provides a worldwide perspective on nitrogen and agriculture. Nitrogen is one of the most critical elements required in agricultural systems for the production of crops for feed, food and fiber. The ever-increasing world population requires increasing use of nitrogen in agriculture to supply human needs for dietary protein. Worldwide demand for nitrogen will increase as a direct response to increasing population. Strategies and perspectives are considered to improve nitrogen-use efficiency. Issues of nitrogen in crop and human nutrition, and transport and transformations along the continuum from farm field to ground water, watersheds, streams, rivers, and coastal marine environments are discussed. Described are aerial transport of nitrogen from livestock and agricultural systems and the potential for deposition and impacts. The current status of nitrogen in the environment in selected terrestrial and coastal environments and crop and forest ecosystems and development of emerging technologies to minimize nitrogen impacts on the environment are addressed. The nitrogen cycle provides a framework for assessing broad scale or even global strategies to improve nitrogen use efficiency. Growing human populations are the driving force that requires increased nitrogen inputs. These increasing inputs into the food-production system directly result in increased livestock and human-excretory nitrogen contribution into the environment. The scope of this book is diverse, covering a range of topics and issues from furthering our understanding of nitrogen in the environment to policy considerations at both farm and national scales.
Fate And Transport Of Nutrients
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Author : Ronald F. Follett
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Fate And Transport Of Nutrients written by Ronald F. Follett and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Nitrogen cycle categories.