Non Fluorocarbon Alternatives
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Non Fluorocarbon Alternatives
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Author : Jacqueline Aloisi de Larderel
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Non Fluorocarbon Alternatives written by Jacqueline Aloisi de Larderel and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
Concise Handbook Of Fluorocarbon Gases
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Author : Sina Ebnesajjad
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2021-04-13
Concise Handbook Of Fluorocarbon Gases written by Sina Ebnesajjad and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-13 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book describes fluorocarbons gases’ preparation process, properties, applications and their evolution over time. The impact of fluorocarbons on the ozone layer and global and the development to mitigate those effects have been specially emphasized. The first major industrial fluorinated compound was developed in the 1920’s, to replace ammonia and sulfur dioxide refrigerants, at the General Motors Frigidaire Division by Thomas Midgley, Jr. and Albert Leon Henne. They developed a family of fluorocarbons trademarked Freon® for auto air conditioning units revolutionizing the auto industry. Other applications were developed over time including fire extinguishers, propellants, blowing agents, cleaners, anesthesia, artificial blood and others impacting every facet of life. In spite of being in broad global use for nearly a century, fluorocarbon gases have gone through great evolution during the last few decades. In the 1980s it was discovered chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases are harmful to the ozone layer, mainly because of their chlorine content. Chlorine was released in the upper atmosphere when chlorofluorocarbon molecules were broken down by the high energy cosmic radiation. CFCs were progressively banned following the Montreal Protocol of 1987. CFCs were replaced by fluorinated gases containing either less chlorine (hydrofluoro-chlorocarbons, or HCFCs), which are much less damaging (about 90% less) to the ozone layer or with fluorinated gases containing no chlorine, i.e. hydrofluorocarbons or HFCs. HFC have no impact on the ozone layer but impact global warming detrimentally. HFCs are usable without need for changes to the existing refrigeration or air conditioning installations. More recently hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), which have little or no negative impact on global warming, have been developed to replace or reduce the use of HFCs. HFOs are used as single compounds or in blends. Research and development continues to develop and replace the HCFCs and HFCs completely with environmentally friendly products. Concise Handbook of Fluorocarbon Gases presents a reference and text for the commercial fluorocarbon gases which have great many application in a wide range of industries such as refrigeration and air conditioning, as well as consumer products.
Fluorocarbons Environmental And Health Implications
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Fluorocarbons Environmental And Health Implications written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Chlorofluorocarbons categories.
Non Co2 Greenhouse Gases Scientific Understanding Control And Implementation
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Author : J. van Ham
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Non Co2 Greenhouse Gases Scientific Understanding Control And Implementation written by J. van Ham and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
In the climate change discussion, non-CO2 greenhouse gases (NCGGs) received official political recognition for the first time in 1997, when agreement was reached on the Kyoto Protocol. As a result methane, nitrous oxide, HFCs, PFCs and SF6 now provide attractive options for detailing the national targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions meant to control climate change. This book is the second volume in this area and addresses three main topics. Firstly, it documents progress with respect to our knowledge of the sources and sinks of NCGGs. Information on this subject is essential in order to reduce the uncertainties in national emissions inventories which serve as the reference values for commitments of countries in the framework of the Kyoto Protocol. Secondly, this volume deals with the control options for the NCGGs and contains a wealth of information in this area. Emerging technologies here provide business opportunities, in particular in connection with the flexible mechanisms for mitigation projects in developing countries which have been agreed in Kyoto. Thirdly, the book treats the policy implementation of mitigation options for greenhouse gas emissions. Tools for control policies, both on the national and international level, and for different sectors of industry are discussed. National integrated approaches, including the ones from the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Netherlands Ministry of Environment which both sponsored the conference, provide guidance for defining the most effective greenhouse gases mitigation plans in different situations. This volume is being published in support of the IPCC Process and will serve as a reference for IPCC's Third Assessment Report.
Fluorocarbons And The Environment
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Author : United States. Federal Task Force on Inadvertent Modification of the Stratosphere
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Fluorocarbons And The Environment written by United States. Federal Task Force on Inadvertent Modification of the Stratosphere and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Atmosphere categories.
Cfc Reduction Technology Transfer To The Developing World
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Cfc Reduction Technology Transfer To The Developing World written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Chemical industry categories.
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Atmospheric ozone categories.
New Fluorocarbon Compound Alternatives
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Author : Business Communications Co., Inc. Staff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991-04-01
New Fluorocarbon Compound Alternatives written by Business Communications Co., Inc. Staff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-04-01 with categories.
Volatile Organic Compounds In The Atmosphere
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Author : R M Harrison
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2007-10-31
Volatile Organic Compounds In The Atmosphere written by R M Harrison and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-31 with Science categories.
Interest in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as air pollutants has increased dramatically in recent years. This book covers a number of very topical issues concerning VOCs, including stratospheric ozone depletion due to CFCs, and the properties of alternative substances; the role of VOCs in the photochemical formation of lower atmosphere (tropospheric) ozone; and the problem of the direct toxicity of VOCs such as benzene and formaldehyde. This Issue reviews our current knowledge of VOCs, drawing upon the expertise of renowned experts and major national and international research programmes. It examines man-made and natural sources, as well as pathways and chemical reactions in the atmosphere. It also looks closely at the sources and concentrations of VOCs indoors, where humans are most likely to be exposed to them. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere describes techniques used for the calculation of emissions inventories and strategies for control, and explores the many Government policy matters relating to VOCs. It provides readers with in-depth, clearly explained coverage of the many complex scientific and policy issues surrounding VOCs in the atmosphere.
Department Of The Interior And Related Agencies Appropriations For 1998
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Department Of The Interior And Related Agencies Appropriations For 1998 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of the Interior and Related Agencies and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with United States categories.