Nonequilibrium Ecology
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Nonequilibrium Ecology
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Author : Klaus Rohde
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2006-01-19
Nonequilibrium Ecology written by Klaus Rohde and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-19 with Nature categories.
Ecology has long been shaped by ideas that stress the sharing of resources and the competition for those resources, and by the assumption that populations and communities typically exist under equilibrium conditions in habitats saturated with both individuals and species. However, much evidence contradicts these assumptions and it is likely that nonequilibrium is much more widespread than might be expected. This book is unique in focusing on nonequilibrium aspects of ecology, providing evidence for nonequilibrium and equilibrium in populations (and metapopulations), in extant communities and in ecological systems over evolutionary time, including nonequilibrium due to recent and present mass extinctions. The assumption that competition is of overriding importance is central to equilibrium ecology, and much space is devoted to its discussion. As communities of some taxa appear to be shaped more by competition than others, an attempt is made to find an explanation for these differences.
Nonequilibrium Ecology
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Author : Klaus Rohde
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Nonequilibrium Ecology written by Klaus Rohde and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Competition (Biology) categories.
The Balance Of Nature And Human Impact
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Author : Klaus Rohde
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-14
The Balance Of Nature And Human Impact written by Klaus Rohde and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-14 with Nature categories.
Explores equilibrium and non-equilibrium in undisturbed and disturbed ecological systems, examining how human activities affect the balance/imbalance of nature.
Application Of Nonequilibrium Ecology To Managed Riparian Ecosystems
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Author : Tamzen K. Stringham
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Application Of Nonequilibrium Ecology To Managed Riparian Ecosystems written by Tamzen K. Stringham and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Riparian ecology categories.
Seasonal trends in water table level and soil moisture for four plant community types within an irrigated eastern Oregon riparian zone were described. Aboveground biomass, species composition, litter, percent bareground and percent basal cover of key plant species and life forms were measured. The relationship between water table levels and soil moisture content were analyzed using simple linear regression. Transition zones between plant community types based on soil moisture and/or depth to water table during the growing season were determined. The soil moisture-water table relationship can be used to predict changes in plant community composition induced by a permanent depth to water table change. Irrigation impact on meadow water table levels and stream temperature were determined. Water table levels responded to irrigation manipulations within days. The permanent cessation of irrigation would shrink the riparian meadows contained within this study from widths in excess of 300 m to less than 60 m. Continuous stream temperature data were collected on a stream running through adjacent non-irrigated and irrigated meadows. Daily maximum stream temperatures in the segment contained within the irrigated meadow were 1.0° to 3.0° C cooler than the reach contained within the non-irrigated meadow. Management impact on plant community attributes, forage production and forage quality were assessed under three pasture management alternatives. Comparison of stubble height, litter, forage production, forage quality, species composition, percent bareground and percent basal cover of key plant species and life forms indicated all three management alternatives are sustainable from both a plant community and a livestock production perspective.
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Microbial Bioenergetics And Community Ecology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Microbial Bioenergetics And Community Ecology written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Electronic books categories.
While it is clear that thermodynamics plays a nontrivial role in biological processes, exactly how this affects the macroscopic structuring of living systems is not fully understood. Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to investigate how thermodynamic variables such as exergy, entropy, and information are involved in biological processes such as cellular metabolism, ecological succession, and evolution. To this end, I have used a combination of mathematical modelling, in silico simulation, and both laboratory- and field-based experimentation. To begin the dissertation, I review the basic tenets of biological thermodynamics and synthesize them with modern fluctuation theory, information theory, and finite time thermodynamics. In this review, I develop hypotheses concerning how entropy production rate changes across various time scales and exergy inputs. To begin testing these hypotheses I utilized a stochastic, agent-based, mathematical model of ecological evolution, The Tangled Nature Model. This model allows one to observe the dynamics of entropy production over time scales that would not be possible in real biological systems (i.e., 106 generations). The results of the model’s simulations demonstrate that the ecological communities generated by the model’s dynamics have increasing entropies, and that this leads to emergent order, organization, and complexity over time. To continue to examine the role of thermodynamics in biological processes I investigated the bioenergetics of marine microbes associated with benthic substrates on coral reefs. By utilizing both mesocosm and in situ experiments I have shown that these microbes change their power output, oxygen uptake, and community structure depending upon their available exergy.Overall, the data presented herein demonstrates that ecological structuring and evolutionary change are, at least in part, determined by underlying thermodynamic mechanisms. Recognizing how physical processes affect biological dynamics allows for a more holistic understanding of biology at all scales from biochemistry, to ecological succession, and even long-term evolutionary change.
Predicting The Stability Equilibrium Response And Nonequilibrium Dynamics Of Ecological Systems
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Author : Geoffrey R. Hosack
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Predicting The Stability Equilibrium Response And Nonequilibrium Dynamics Of Ecological Systems written by Geoffrey R. Hosack and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Biotic communities categories.
In this dissertation, new theory and its applications are developed to predict three properties of complex ecological communities: stability, equilibrium response, and non-equilibrium dynamics. First, a graph-theoretic analysis identifies the interconnections in a complex ecosystem that promote or diminish stability (Chapter 2). The hierarchy of interactions that influences stability and feedback processes can guide resource allocation for environmental monitoring, investigate alternative management strategies, and help formulate novel research hypotheses. Second, a combined graph-theoretic and probabilistic approach evaluates the potential for long-term changes in equilibrium (Chapter 3). Conditional probabilities of long-term increase and decrease in variables are transferred from the graph-theoretic models into a Bayesian network. The Bayesian network allows researchers both to predict how an ecosystem might change given a perturbation and to diagnose which model structure best matches empirical observations. Third, a threshold index predicts whether or not largemagnitude short-term transitory changes in disease prevalence can occur (Chapter 4). The concept of reactivity is used to derive a threshold index for epidemicity, E0, which gives the maximum number of new infections produced by an infective individual at a disease free equilibrium. This index provides a threshold that determines whether or not major epidemics are possible. The relative importance of parameters differs between control strategies that seek to reduce endemicity and those that seek to reduce epidemicity. The index E0 therefore is an important measure of epidemic potential that may assist efforts to control epidemics. Together these approaches provide new theory that help bridge the gap between our need to understand complex ecological systems and the empirical data available for their characterization.
Disturbance Ecology And Forest Management
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Author : Paul Rogers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Disturbance Ecology And Forest Management written by Paul Rogers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Forest dynamics categories.
Temporal Dynamics And Ecological Process
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Author : Colleen K. Kelly
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-01-16
Temporal Dynamics And Ecological Process written by Colleen K. Kelly and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-16 with Science categories.
In contrast with the fundamental ecological expectation that similarity induces competition and loss of species, temporal dynamics allows similar species to co-occur. In fact, the coexistence of similar species contributes significantly to species diversity and could affect ecosystem response to climate change. However, because temporal processes take place over time, they have often been a challenge to document or even to identify. Temporal Dynamics and Ecological Process brings together studies that have met this challenge and present two specific aspects of temporal processes: reproductive scheduling and the stable coexistence of similar species. By using plants to extract general principles, these studies uncover deep ties between temporal niche dynamics and the above central ecological issues, thereby providing a better understanding of what drives temporal processes in nature. Written by leading scientists in the field, this title will be a valuable source of reference to research ecologists and those interested in temporal ecology.
Invading Ecological Networks
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Author : Cang Hui
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-01-13
Invading Ecological Networks written by Cang Hui and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-13 with Nature categories.
Proposes new ways of managing ecological invasions by implementing an open adaptive network framework for ecosystem transformation.
Beyond Developmentaly
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Ahmad Sholihan
Release Date :
Beyond Developmentaly written by and has been published by Ahmad Sholihan this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.