Norse Greenland
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The Greenland Norse
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Author : NIELS. LYNNERUP
language : en
Publisher: Museum Tusculanum Press
Release Date : 1998
The Greenland Norse written by NIELS. LYNNERUP and has been published by Museum Tusculanum Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with categories.
Norse Greenland Viking Peasants In The Arctic
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Author : Arnved Nedkvitne
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-09-27
Norse Greenland Viking Peasants In The Arctic written by Arnved Nedkvitne and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-27 with History categories.
How could a community of 2000–3000 Viking peasants survive in Arctic Greenland for 430 years (ca. 985–1415), and why did they finally disappear? European agriculture in an Arctic environment encountered serious ecological challenges. The Norse peasants faced these challenges by adapting agricultural practices they had learned from the Atlantic and North Sea coast of Norway. Norse Greenland was the stepping stone for the Europeans who first discovered America and settled briefly in Newfoundland ca. AD 1000. The community had a global significance which surpassed its modest size. In the last decades scholars have been nearly unanimous in emphasising that long-term climatic and environmental changes created a situation where Norse agriculture was no longer sustainable and the community was ruined. A secondary hypothesis has focused on ethnic confrontations between Norse peasants and Inuit hunters. In the last decades ethnic violence has been on the rise in Eastern Europe, the Middle East and parts of Africa. In some cases it has degenerated into ethnic cleansing. This has strengthened the interest in ethnic violence in past societies. Challenging traditional hypotheses is a source of progress in all science. The present book does this on the basis of relevant written and archaeological material respecting the methodology of both sciences.
Viking Settlers In Greenland And Their Descendants During Five Hundred Years
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Author : Poul Nørlund
language : en
Publisher: London : Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1971
Viking Settlers In Greenland And Their Descendants During Five Hundred Years written by Poul Nørlund and has been published by London : Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with History categories.
Bibliography:p.156-7.
Norse Greenland
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Author : Jared Diamond
language : en
Publisher: Penguin
Release Date : 2012-12-11
Norse Greenland written by Jared Diamond and has been published by Penguin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-11 with History categories.
A timely and fascinating exploration of the collapse of prehistoric Norse society in Greenland—excerpted from the Pulitzer Prize–winning author Jared Diamond’s Collapse This excerpt from the New York Times–bestselling book Collapse takes a timely and fascinating look at prehistoric Norse Greenland—the closest approximation of a controlled experiment in collapse in history. One island, two unique societies (Norse and Inuit). Only one of these societies would succeed—the other would fail. But how? With his trademark accessibility and comprehensiveness, Diamond documents how environmental damage, climate change, loss of friendly contacts and the rise of hostile ones, and the unique political, economic, and social settings of prehistoric Greenland combine to demonstrate exactly why and how societies choose to fail or succeed. Jared Diamond's latest book, The World Until Yesterday: What Can We Learn from Traditional Societies?, is available from Viking.
Norse Greenland
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Author : Jared Diamond
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Norse Greenland written by Jared Diamond and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The Vikings In Greenland
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Author : Charles River Charles River Editors
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-09-19
The Vikings In Greenland written by Charles River Charles River Editors and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-19 with categories.
*Includes pictures *Includes medieval accounts *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading Over the centuries, the West has become fascinated by the Vikings, one of the most mysterious and interesting European civilizations. In addition to being perceived as a remarkably unique culture among its European counterparts, what's known and not known about the Vikings' accomplishments has added an intriguing aura to the historical narrative. Were they fierce and fearsome warriors? Were they the first Europeans to visit North America? It seems some of the legends are true, and some are just that, legend. Like many civilizations of past millennia, the Vikings are remembered in popular culture more for the fantastical accounts of their history than for reality. The written records of the history of the Viking period, consisting mostly of Norse sagas, metaphoric poems called skalds and monastic chronicles, were written down well after the events they described and tended to be lurid accounts rife with hyperbole. Furthermore, the most scathing tales of Viking raids are contained in the histories of monastic communities which were targets of Norse rapacity. These chronicles speak of the heathen Viking depredations of monastic treasuries and the ferocious torture and killing of Christian monks. The colorful bloody tales were certainly based on more than grains of truth, but they were also purposefully augmented to inject drama into history. Similarly Norse sagas written down in the post-Viking Age fixed what had hitherto been flexible oral tradition. They were often slanted to legitimize a clan or leader's authority by emphasizing an ancestor's bravery and skill in pillaging opponent's communities. However, the Vikings' reputation for ferocious seaborne attacks along the coasts of Northern Europe is no exaggeration. It is true that the Norsemen, who traded extensively throughout Europe, often increased the profits obtained from their nautical ventures through plunder, acquiring precious metals and slaves. Of course, the Vikings were not the only ones participating in this kind of income generation - between the 8th and the 11th centuries, European tribes, clans, kingdoms and monastic communities were quite adept at fighting with each other for the purpose of obtaining booty. The Vikings were simply more consistently successful than their contemporaries and thus became suitable symbols for the iniquity of the times. The Norsemen were also medieval Europe's greatest explorers, moving across the North Atlantic to settle in Iceland, Greenland, and even North America. Their settlements in Greenland were perhaps the most impressive, given that the bleak and unforgiving land was mostly uninhabited when they first made it there. Greenland is huge, measuring almost 840,000 square miles (1.35 million square kilometers). The interior is uninhabitable glacier and mountain, but the periphery is cut by countless fjords that shelter the inhabitants from some of the worst of the winds. The fjords in the western part of the island, especially the southwestern part, are made more temperate by relatively warm sea currents and can support grass and a diverse amount of wildlife. Even so, winters are harsh even in the southern latitudes, and ice clogs the northern reaches for much of the year. Remote, and subject to long winters during which pack ice would cut it off from the rest of the world, Greenland seemed an unlikely place to found a colony. In fact, Greenland was only circumnavigated in the early 20th century, and many of its further reaches were unmapped until the modern day. Nonetheless, the Norse managed to live there for about 450 years among some of their most remote outposts, and Greenland would maintain strong ties to the rest of Europe.
Woven Into The Earth
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Author : Else Ostergaard
language : en
Publisher: Aarhus Universitetsforlag
Release Date : 2003-05-01
Woven Into The Earth written by Else Ostergaard and has been published by Aarhus Universitetsforlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-05-01 with History categories.
One of the century's most spectacular archaeological finds occurred in 1921, a year before Howard Carter stumbled upon Tutankhamun's tomb, when Poul Norlund recovered dozens of garments from a graveyard in the Norse settlement of Herjolfsnaes, Greenland. Preserved intact for centuries by the permafrost, these mediaeval garments display remarkable similarities to western European costumes of the time. Previously, such costumes were known only from contemporary illustrations, and the Greenland finds provided the world with a close look at how ordinary Europeans dressed in the Middle Ages. Fortunately for Norlund's team, wood has always been extremely scarce in Greenland, and instead of caskets, many of the bodies were found swaddled in multiple layers of cast off clothing. When he wrote about the excavation later, Norlund also described how occasional thaws had permitted crowberry and dwarf willow to establish themselves in the top layers of soil. Their roots grew through coffins, clothing and corpses alike, binding them together in a vast network of thin fibers - as if, he wrote, the finds had been literally sewn in the earth. Eighty years of technical advances and subsequent excavations have greatly added to our understanding of the Herjolfsnaes discoveries. Woven into the Earth recounts the dramatic story of Norlund's excavation in the context of other Norse textile finds in Greenland. It then describes what the finds tell us about the materials and methods used in making the clothes. The weaving and sewing techniques detailed here are surprisingly sophisticated, and one can only admire the talent of the women who employed them, especially considering the harsh conditions they worked under. While Woven into the Earth will be invaluable to students of medieval archaeology, Norse society and textile history, both lay readers and scholars are sure to find the book's dig narratives and glimpses of life among the last Vikings fascinating.
Peasants And Prayers
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Author : Lisbeth M. Imer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Peasants And Prayers written by Lisbeth M. Imer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Greenland categories.
It all began in 1821 with the finding of the Kingittorsuaq stone, the first evidence of runic writing in Norse Greenland. For the first time, researchers were faced with the language spoken by the Norse inhabitants of medieval Greenland. In the following almost 200 years, more than 160 additional finds of runic and Roman letter artefacts were retrieved from the soils of Greenland.0The Norse settlement was founded in the late 10th century and given up in the mid-15th century. The inscriptions had been carved on gravestones, crosses, amulets and on items of daily use. Because of the exceptional preservation conditions, the Greenlandic runic material provides us with the opportunity to study the medieval tradition of writing in a rural society at close range. In many other corners of the world, we do not have this opportunity, and this is why the Greenlandic inscriptions are so important; not only do they contribute to the history of Norse settlement in Greenland, they also contribute to our overall understanding of medieval runic writing.0Since the first findings, many researchers have participated in the discussion of the Greenlandic runic inscriptions, and in the years 2009-13, the National Museum of Denmark hosted a research programme, which led to this publication about the tradition of writing in medieval Greenland. The book focuses on the use of runic writing in medieval Greenland and on the writing process. The book also contains a large catalogue with information on the inscribed artefacts, including drawings.
Westviking
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Author : Farley Mowat
language : en
Publisher: McClelland & Stewart
Release Date : 1965
Westviking written by Farley Mowat and has been published by McClelland & Stewart this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with Fiction categories.
Mainly period 960-1010. New approach at variance with earlier theories.
Narsaq A Norse Landnama Farm
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Author : Christen Leif Vebæk
language : en
Publisher: Museum Tusculanum Press
Release Date : 1993
Narsaq A Norse Landnama Farm written by Christen Leif Vebæk and has been published by Museum Tusculanum Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Agriculture categories.