O Desvendar Do Grande Livro Da Natureza
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O Desvendar Do Grande Livro Da Natureza
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Author : Clarete Paranhos da Silva
language : pt-BR
Publisher: Annablume
Release Date : 2002
O Desvendar Do Grande Livro Da Natureza written by Clarete Paranhos da Silva and has been published by Annablume this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Earth sciences categories.
O Desvendar Do Grande Livro Da Natureza
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Author :
language : pt-BR
Publisher:
Release Date : 1909
O Desvendar Do Grande Livro Da Natureza written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1909 with categories.
A década de 80 assistiu a um verdadeiro movimento de renovação na historiografia das ciências na América Latina. Impulsionados por um novo olhar teórico-metodológico que enxergava a ciência não como uma entidade abstrata e universal, mas como prática inseri da em um tempo e em um espaço concretos, historiadores começaram a inventariar as atividades científicas praticadas no continente desde os tempos coloniais, colocando-se em oposição a historiografia tradicional cuja visão eurocêntrica sempre olhara a América Latina como um imenso vazio científico. De acordo com esta postura renovada, este trabalho visa contribuir à História Geral e à História Científica do Brasil na medida em que é um resgate contextualizado de um cientista e de sua obra. Por ser contextualizado, este resgate permite compreender o momento histórico e científico onde o cientista e sua obra estavam inseridos. O cientista em questão é o mineralogista brasileiro José Vieira Couto (1752-1827), cujos trabalhos no campo da Mineralogia e da Geologia constituem fonte empírica que evidencia como a Terra era investigada em fins do século XVIII e início do século XIX. José Vieira Couto pesquisou na Capitania de Minas Gerais entre os anos de 1798 e 1805. Estas pesquisas deram origem a quatro Memórias, como eram denominados os textos científicos do período. Esta dissertação apresenta uma análise destes textos por meio de um intercruzamento com o contexto histórico e científico do momento de sua produção e tem como um dos principais objetivos mostrar como se deram as práticas geocientíficas no contexto colonial.
Science In The Spanish And Portuguese Empires 1500 1800
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Author : Daniela Bleichmar
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2008-12-18
Science In The Spanish And Portuguese Empires 1500 1800 written by Daniela Bleichmar and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-18 with History categories.
This collection of essays is the first book published in English to provide a thorough survey of the practices of science in the Spanish and Portuguese empires from 1500 to 1800. Authored by an interdisciplinary team of specialists from the United States, Latin America, and Europe, the book consists of fifteen original essays, as well as an introduction and an afterword by renowned scholars in the field. The topics discussed include navigation, exploration, cartography, natural sciences, technology, and medicine. This volume is aimed at both specialists and non-specialists, and is designed to be useful for teaching. It will be a major resource for anyone interested in colonial Latin America.
Blood Sweat And Earth
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Author : Tijl Vanneste
language : en
Publisher: Reaktion Books
Release Date : 2021-09-16
Blood Sweat And Earth written by Tijl Vanneste and has been published by Reaktion Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-16 with History categories.
A sweeping history of our enduring passion for diamonds—and the exploitative industry that fuels it. Blood, Sweat and Earth is a hard-hitting historical exposé of the diamond industry, focusing on the exploitation of workers and the environment, the monopolization of uncut diamonds, and how little this has changed over time. It describes the use of forced labor and political oppression by Indian sultans, Portuguese colonizers in Brazil, and Western industrialists in many parts of Africa—as well as the hoarding of diamonds to maintain high prices, from the English East India Company to De Beers. While recent discoveries of diamond deposits in Siberia, Canada, and Australia have brought an end to monopolization, the book shows that advances in the production of synthetic diamonds have not yet been able to eradicate the exploitation caused by the world’s unquenchable thirst for sparkle.
Before The Public Library
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Author : Mark Towsey
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2017-10-23
Before The Public Library written by Mark Towsey and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-23 with History categories.
Before the Public Library explores the emergence of community-based lending libraries in the Atlantic World in the two centuries before the advent of the Public Library movement in the mid-nineteenth century through essays by eighteen leading scholars.
Adrift On An Inland Sea
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Author : Hal Langfur
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2023-01-03
Adrift On An Inland Sea written by Hal Langfur and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-03 with History categories.
From 1750 until Brazil won its independence in 1822, the Portuguese crown sought to extend imperial control over the colony's immense, sea-like interior and exploit its gold and diamond deposits using enslaved labor. Carrying orders from Lisbon into the Brazilian backlands, elite vassals, soldiers, and scientific experts charged with exploring multiple frontier zones and establishing royal authority conducted themselves in ways that proved difficult for the crown to regulate. The overland expeditions they mounted in turn encountered actors operating beyond the state's purview: seminomadic Native peoples, runaway slaves, itinerant poor, and those deemed criminals, who eluded, defied, and reshaped imperial ambitions. This book measures Portugal's transatlantic projection of power against a particular obstacle: imperial information-gathering, which produced a confusion of rumors, distortions, claims, conflicting reports, and disputed facts. Drawing on interdisciplinary scholarship in the fields of ethnohistory, slavery and diaspora studies, and legal and literary history, Hal Langfur considers how misinformation destabilized European sovereignty in the Americas, making a major contribution to histories of empire, frontiers and borderlands, knowledge production, and scientific exploration in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Imperialism And Science
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Author : George N. Vlahakis
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2006-04-26
Imperialism And Science written by George N. Vlahakis and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-26 with Science categories.
A unique resource that synthesizes existing primary and secondary sources to provide a fascinating introduction to the development and dissemination of science within history's great empires, as well as the complex interaction between imperialism and scientific progress over two centuries. Imperialism and Science is a scholarly yet accessible chronicle of the impact of imperialism on science over the past 200 years, from the effect of Catholicism on scientific progress in Latin America to the importance of U.S. government funding of scientific research to America's preeminent place in the world. Spanning two centuries of scientific advance throughout the age of empire, Imperialism and Science sheds new light on the spread of scientific thought throughout the former colonial world. Science made enormous advances during this period, often being associated with anti-Imperialist struggle or, as in the case of the science brought to 19th-century China and India by the British, with Western cultural hegemony.
Diamond
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Author : Tijl Vanneste
language : zh-CN
Publisher: 臺灣商務印書館
Release Date : 2022-08-01
Diamond written by Tijl Vanneste and has been published by 臺灣商務印書館 this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-01 with History categories.
從礦石到珍寶，在商業操作下鑽石如何成為永恆的象徵？ 從開採到販售，鑽石產業背後又串起了多少血淚與傷痕？ 以鑽石為開端，挖掘一部橫跨五大洲的全球發展史 -✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧- 從古印度時期首次挖掘出鑽石為始，人類社會早已發展出挖掘鑽石的開採手法，然而儘管地表有源源不絕的鑽石產出，人們卻多半將鑽石視為藥用或護身符，因為開採出來的原鑽醜陋無比，和其他璀璨多彩的寶石相比相形見絀。然而，自十世紀始，鑽石藉由貿易路線從印度傳到歐洲，卻意外地點燃了一場鑽石革命。科學家與商人聯手，試圖運用切割與拋光，賦予鑽石閃爍耀眼的光芒，使得鑽石逐漸成為歐洲皇室專屬的裝飾性寶石，更讓鑽石從微不足道的藥用工具，一舉成為象徵地位的裝飾品。 然而，以往鑽石只能從亞洲運送過來使得流通量稀少的局面，卻在海外探勘後徹底打破。自葡萄牙在巴西發現大量鑽石坑後，商人們開始擔憂鑽石的價格會一落千丈，企業家決心聯手，不但試圖控制拋光與打磨鑽石的工廠，更試圖控制鑽石的生產，但這一切都收效甚微，直到稱霸二十世紀的鑽石龍頭戴比爾斯出現，才徹底改變了鑽石產業的全球貿易。 -✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧- 為了將平凡無奇的礦石躍升為珍貴商品，商人賦予鑽石永恆不朽的美夢， 在純淨愛情與幸福婚約的廣告糖衣下，遍及全球的貿易壟斷於焉展開。 -✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧-✧- 戴比爾斯在二十世紀時掌握了全球近九成的鑽石生產與銷售，在南非、巴西、亞洲各地開採鑽石，並透過併購公司、控制銷售管道、囤積開採鑽石，來維持鑽石高額的價值，他們運用難以想像的商業手腕、與獨裁政權合作、控制勞工的流動等方式，以舉登上鑽石產業的高峰。除外，戴比爾斯也抓緊了商機，當中產階級崛起、美國邁入了經濟繁盛時期，戴比爾斯為了擴展美國的鑽石貿易，推出了經典的廣告台詞「鑽石恆久遠，一顆永流傳」，不但成為至今仍朗朗上口的廣告台詞，更將鑽石型塑成愛情與幸福的永恆象徵，時至今仍是求婚的必備品。 然而，在壟斷的帝國神話背後，卻是壓榨勞工、資助內戰、侵占土地等罪刑，一場又一場的法律戰甚囂塵上、種族主義與血鑽石的醜聞四處流傳。壟斷同盟瀕臨瓦解邊緣、在不同資本家之間轉手易主，最終在二十一世紀趨於瓦解。這場堪稱全世界最知名的廣告行銷與貿易壟斷手法，究竟是如何誕生？資本家們是如何一邊創造鑽石永恆的美好意象，一邊驅使勞工在殘酷的深坑裡挖掘鑽石？要理解箇中原由，唯有跨越五大洲，一探資本家如何結合殖民主義、種族隔離，創造歷久不衰的鑽石產業。 好評推薦 【專文導讀】 朱華瑄 國立陽明交通大學人文社會學系助理教授 【聯名推薦】 萬毓澤 國立中山大學社會學系教授 陳俊宏 東吳大學政治學系教授、前任國家人權博物館館長 《Diamond》對歷代鑽石的研究令人著迷，而且研究得非常透徹。不但調查了這些寶石在過去幾個世紀的全球貿易變動中所扮演的角色，不但反映了殖民主義與貿易公司的崛起，更強調了近幾年來道德和環境議題的反思。 ──傑克‧奧格登（Jack Ogden），英國珠寶歷史學家，曾任世界珠寶聯合會（CIBJO）祕書長 《Diamond》跨越了五個世紀與五大洲，呈現了一部結合種族、性別、勞工和地緣政治的歷史。 ──麥克爾‧拜克洛夫特（Michael Bycroft），華威大學教授 「鑽石恆久遠」，伴隨著鑽石開採而來的殘酷與暴虐也一樣久遠。鑽石的生產與加工反映了人類工藝水準的不斷提升，但只要定神凝視，就能在鑽石的璀璨光澤中看見千百年來人對人的奴役，看見無數礦工與切割工的汗水和鮮血。 ──萬毓澤 國立中山大學社會學系教授 本書作者瓦內斯特教授長年研究鑽石開採的議題，此書展現了他熟稔運用極為豐富的史料文獻，在數世紀的時空推移中，藉由特定主題將相關事件與人物串聯起來，深入淺出地說出一則又一則精采絕倫、關於鑽石從古至今在世界各地充滿戲劇張力的歷史。這些事件橫跨的時間之長、地域之廣、人物之多、可以探討的議題之豐富，難以總述，瓦內斯特教授聚焦於歷史動態本身，留給讀者最大的思想與解讀空間，但他實則藉由鑽石的歷史回應了許多對於如何理解現代資本主義的經典史觀，並提出個人獨特的觀察。 ──朱華瑄 國立陽明交通大學人文社會學系助理教授 「鑽石恆久遠，一顆永流傳」是句家喻戶曉的廣告詞，然而探究鑽石的貿易史，無非就是一部兼具殖民、種族、性別與勞動的壓迫史。本書透過深入及豐富的歷史考察與分析，邀請讀者領略全球貿易中複雜且暴力的人權故事。 ──陳俊宏 東吳大學政治學系教授、前任國家人權博物館館長
A Universidade Pombalina
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Author : Ana Cristina Araújo
language : pt-BR
Publisher: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra / Coimbra University Press
Release Date : 2017-07-28
A Universidade Pombalina written by Ana Cristina Araújo and has been published by Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra / Coimbra University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-28 with History categories.
Tendo por base os textos do programa de conferências realizado, na primavera de 2015, no âmbito do curso de doutoramento em Altos Estudos em História da FLUC, aos quais se agregaram outros trabalhos de investigação afins e enriquecedores da perspetiva historiográfica, esta obra pretende carrear novos dados para a compreensão da inscrição do moderno paradigma científico no quadro estatutário da reforma pombalina da universidade de Coimbra, em 1772. Ao fazê-lo não só atende à dinâmica da relação entre ciência e universidade em questões de método de ensino e conteúdos ensinados, como também à compreensão da ciência e dos seus campos de aplicação para além do espaço circunscrito em que ela foi praticada e ensinada, privilegiando-se claramente esta segunda perspetiva. Assim é que a reforma pombalina se inscreve num processo que a antecede mas sobretudo se projeta para lá do tempo da sua implantação através da implicação prática do conhecimento científico nas realizações materiais e na visão política da respublica, da mudança de paradigma social e da dimensão funcional e memorial das coleções científicas.
Desenvolvimento Justi A E Meio Ambiente
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Author : Ricardo Bielschowsky
language : pt-BR
Publisher: Editora Peirópolis LTDA
Release Date : 2009-01-01
Desenvolvimento Justi A E Meio Ambiente written by Ricardo Bielschowsky and has been published by Editora Peirópolis LTDA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Inspirados pelo desafio de repensar a temática do desenvolvimento, tendo em vista as novas questões e realidades presentes no cenário histórico global do início do século XXI, intelectuais e pesquisadores brasileiros compartilham aqui suas ideias sobre as interações entre natureza, sociedade, ciência, tecnologia e cultura em benefício de um novo modelo de desenvolvimento que seja democrático, socialmente inclusivo e ambientalmente sustentável. Como diz Ignacy Sachs no prefácio à obra, "o ecodesenvolvimento é sustentado por um duplo conceito ético: de solidariedade sincrônica com todos os passageiros da nave espacial Terra e de solidariedade diacrônica com as gerações futuras." Este livro apresenta, sob uma variedade de perspectivas, as referências conceituais que norteiam o trabalho de educação para a sustentabilidade do Espaço Israel Pinheiro em Brasília. Dessa forma, reúne artigos de seu organizador, José Augusto Pádua, ao lado de artigos dos seguintes especialistas: Ricardo Bielschowsky, Maurício Andrés Ribeiro, José Eli da Veiga, José Roberto Novaes de Almeida, Pedro Dallari, Juliana Santilli e Márcio Santilli, Vera Lessa Catalão, Martha Barata e Paulo Wrobel. Desenvolvimento, Justiça e Meio Ambiente foi editado em parceria com a Editora UFMG.