On The Bimodality Of Enso Cycle Extremes
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On The Bimodality Of Enso Cycle Extremes
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Author : Robert M. Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
On The Bimodality Of Enso Cycle Extremes written by Robert M. Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Climatic changes categories.
On the basis of sea surface temperature in the El Niño 3.4 region (5° N.-5° S., 120°-170° W.) during the interval of 1950-1997, Kevin Trenberth previously has identified some 16 El Niño and 10 La Niña, these 26 events representing the extremes of the quasi-periodic El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. Runs testing show that the duration, recurrence period, and sequencing of these extremes vary randomly. Hence, the decade of the 1990's especially for El Niño, is not significantly different from that of previous decadal epochs, at least, on the basis of the frequency of onsets of ENSO extremes. Additionally, the distribution of duration for both El Niño and La Niña looks strikingly bimodal, each consisting of two preferred modes, about 8- and 16-mo long for El Niño and about 9- and 18-mo long for La Niña, as does the distribution of the recurrence period for El Niño, consisting of two preferred modes about 21- and 50-mo long. Scatterplots of the recurrence period versus duration for El Niño are found to be statistically important, displaying preferential associations that link shorter (or longer) duration with shorter (longer) recurrence periods. Because the last onset of El Niño occured in 1997 and the event was of longer than average duration, onset of the next anticipated El Niño is not expected until February 2000 or later.
On The Bimodality Of Enso Cycle Extremes
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-15
On The Bimodality Of Enso Cycle Extremes written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-15 with categories.
On the basis of sea surface temperature in the El Nino 3.4 region (5 deg. N.,-5 deg. S., 120-170 deg. W.) during the interval of 1950-1997, Kevin Trenberth previously has identified some 16 El Nino and 10 La Nina, these 26 events representing the extremes of the quasi-periodic El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. Runs testing shows that the duration, recurrence period, and sequencing of these extremes vary randomly. Hence, the decade of the 1990's, especially for El Nino, is not significantly different from that of previous decadal epochs, at least, on the basis of the frequency of onsets of ENSO extremes. Additionally, the distribution of duration for both El Nino and La Nina looks strikingly bimodal, each consisting of two preferred modes, about 8- and 16-mo long for El Nino and about 9- and 18-mo long for La Nina, as does the distribution of the recurrence period for El Nino, consisting of two preferred modes about 21- and 50-mo long. Scatterplots of the recurrence period versus duration for El Nino are found to be statistically important, displaying preferential associations that link shorter (longer) duration with shorter (longer) recurrence periods. Because the last onset of El Nino occurred in April 1997 and the event was of longer than average duration, onset of the next anticipated El Nino is not expected until February 2000 or later. Wilson, Robert M. Marshall Space Flight Center NASA/TP-2000-209961, NAS 1.60:209961, M-965
El Ni O During The 1990 S
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Author : Robert M. Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
El Ni O During The 1990 S written by Robert M. Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Climatic changes categories.
Today, El Niño refers to the extreme warming episodes of the globally effective coupled ocean-atmospheric interaction commonly known as ENSO (i.e., "El Nino-Southern Oscillation"). Concerning its observed decadal frequency and severity, El Nino during the 1990's has often been regarded as being anomalous. Results of analysis herein however, appear to mitigate this belief.
Interannual Variability Of The Bimodal Distribution Of Summertime Rainfall Over Central America And Tropical Storm Activity In The Far Eastern Pacific
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Author : Scott Curtis
language : en
Publisher: BiblioGov
Release Date : 2013-08
Interannual Variability Of The Bimodal Distribution Of Summertime Rainfall Over Central America And Tropical Storm Activity In The Far Eastern Pacific written by Scott Curtis and has been published by BiblioGov this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08 with categories.
The summer climate of southern Mexico and Central America is characterized by a mid summer drought (MSD), where rainfall is reduced by 40% in July as compared to June and September. A mid-summer reduction in the climatological number of eastern Pacific tropical cyclones has also been noted. Little is understood about the climatology and interannual variability of these minima. The present study uses a novel approach to quantify the bimodal distribution of summertime rainfall for the globe and finds that this feature of the annual cycle is most extreme over Pan America and adjacent oceans. One dominant interannual signal in this region occurs the summer before a strong winter El Nino/Southern Oscillation ENSO. Before El Nino events the region is dry, the MSD is strong and centered over the ocean, and the mid-summer minimum in tropical cyclone frequency is most pronounced. This is significantly different from Neutral cases (non-El Nino and non-La Nina) when the MSD is weak and positioned over the land bridge. The MSD is highly variable for La Nina years, and there is not an obvious mid-summer minimum in the number of tropical cyclones.
Scientific And Technical Reports Articles Papers And Presentations
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Scientific And Technical Reports Articles Papers And Presentations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
El Ni O Southern Oscillation In A Changing Climate
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Author : Michael J. McPhaden
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-11-24
El Ni O Southern Oscillation In A Changing Climate written by Michael J. McPhaden and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-24 with Science categories.
Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth’s most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting Future projections of ENSO and its impacts Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about this book from this Q&A with the editors.
Science Directorate Publications And Presentations January 1 December 31 2000
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Science Directorate Publications And Presentations January 1 December 31 2000 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Decadal Trends Of Atlantic Basin Tropical Cyclones 1950 1999
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Author : Robert M. Wilson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001
Decadal Trends Of Atlantic Basin Tropical Cyclones 1950 1999 written by Robert M. Wilson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.
Extreme Events
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Author : Mario Chavez
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2015-12-21
Extreme Events written by Mario Chavez and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-21 with Political Science categories.
The monograph covers the fundamentals and the consequences of extreme geophysical phenomena like asteroid impacts, climatic change, earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, flooding, and space weather. This monograph also addresses their associated, local and worldwide socio-economic impacts. The understanding and modeling of these phenomena is critical to the development of timely worldwide strategies for the prediction of natural and anthropogenic extreme events, in order to mitigate their adverse consequences. This monograph is unique in as much as it is dedicated to recent theoretical, numerical and empirical developments that aim to improve: (i) the understanding, modeling and prediction of extreme events in the geosciences, and, (ii) the quantitative evaluation of their economic consequences. The emphasis is on coupled, integrative assessment of the physical phenomena and their socio-economic impacts. With its overarching theme, Extreme Events: Observations, Modeling and Economics will be relevant to and become an important tool for researchers and practitioners in the fields of hazard and risk analysis in general, as well as to those with a special interest in climate change, atmospheric and oceanic sciences, seismo-tectonics, hydrology, and space weather.
Extreme Events In Human Evolution From The Pliocene To The Anthropocene
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Author : Huw Groucutt
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-11-07
Extreme Events In Human Evolution From The Pliocene To The Anthropocene written by Huw Groucutt and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-11-07 with Science categories.