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Our Scientific Needs


Our Scientific Needs
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Use Of Laboratory Animals In Biomedical And Behavioral Research


Use Of Laboratory Animals In Biomedical And Behavioral Research
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1988-02-01

Use Of Laboratory Animals In Biomedical And Behavioral Research written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988-02-01 with Science categories.


Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.



Every Child A Scientist


Every Child A Scientist
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Author : Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1998-01-19

Every Child A Scientist written by Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-01-19 with Education categories.


As more schools begin to implement the National Science Education Standards, adults who care about the quality of K-12 science education in their communities may want to help their local schools make the transition. This booklet provides guidance to parents and others, explains why high-quality science education is important for all children and young adults, and shows how the quality of school science programs can be measured. Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education Staff; 1998, 32 pages, 8.5 x 11, single copy, $10.00; 2-9 copies, $7.00 each; 10 or more copies, $4.50 each (no other discounts apply).



Science Medicine And Animals


Science Medicine And Animals
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2006-02-19

Science Medicine And Animals written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-02-19 with Science categories.


Science, Medicine, and Animals explains the role that animals play in biomedical research and the ways in which scientists, governments, and citizens have tried to balance the experimental use of animals with a concern for all living creatures. An accompanying Teacher's Guide is available to help teachers of middle and high school students use Science, Medicine, and Animals in the classroom. As students examine the issues in Science, Medicine, and Animals, they will gain a greater understanding of the goals of biomedical research and the real-world practice of the scientific method in general. Science, Medicine, and Animals and the Teacher's Guide were written by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research and published by the National Research Council of the National Academies. The report was reviewed by a committee made up of experts and scholars with diverse perspectives, including members of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institutes of Health, the Humane Society of the United States, and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The Teacher's Guide was reviewed by members of the National Academies' Teacher Associates Network. Science, Medicine, and Animals is recommended by the National Science Teacher's Association NSTA Recommends.



Critical Needs For Research In Veterinary Science


Critical Needs For Research In Veterinary Science
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2005-10-18

Critical Needs For Research In Veterinary Science written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-10-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.


Research in veterinary science is critical for the health and well-being of animals, including humans. Food safety, emerging infectious diseases, the development of new therapies, and the possibility of bioterrorism are examples of issues addressed by veterinary science that have an impact on both human and animal health. However, there is a lack of scientists engaged in veterinary research. Too few veterinarians pursue research careers, and there is a shortage of facilities and funding for conducting research. This report identifies questions and issues that veterinary research can help to address, and discusses the scientific expertise and infrastructure needed to meet the most critical research needs. The report finds that there is an urgent need to provide adequate resources for investigators, training programs, and facilities involved in veterinary research.



Why Science Needs Metaphysics


Why Science Needs Metaphysics
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Author : Elie Zahar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Why Science Needs Metaphysics written by Elie Zahar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Philosophy categories.


As notions of postmodernism and deconstruction have become exceedingly fashionable in recent times, scholars have attempted to remake epistemology as a subjectivist enterprise. Why Science Needs Metaphysics deplores this state of affairs and attempts to correct it by reviving rational metaphysics as well as some of the sound ideas of the Vienna circle. (A rational metaphysics maintains that the world around us is real, and has a specific nature independent of our thoughts or feelings.) In arguing for a rational metaphysics, Zahar corrects and extends Karl Popper's approach to epistemological problems and develops Lakatos's Methodology of Scientific Research Programs into his own methodology. The book ends with two short case studies, one on the development of atomic theory, and the other on Einstein's philosophy of science. Both illustrate that realist metaphysics are crucial to the work of our greatest scientists.



Beyond Matter


Beyond Matter
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Author : Roger Trigg
language : en
Publisher: Templeton Press
Release Date : 2017-03-13

Beyond Matter written by Roger Trigg and has been published by Templeton Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-13 with Philosophy categories.


Does science have all the answers? Can it even deal with abstract reasoning beyond the world we experience? How can we ensure that the physical world is sufficiently ordered to be intelligible to humans? How can mathematics, a product of human minds, unlock the secrets of the physical universe? Should all such questions be considered inadmissible if science cannot settle them? Metaphysics has traditionally been understood as reasoning beyond the reach of science, sometimes even claiming realities beyond its grasp. Because of this, metaphysics is often contemptuously dismissed by scientists and philosophers who wish to remain within the bounds of what can be scientifically proven. Yet scientists at the frontiers of physics unwittingly engage in metaphysics, as they are now happy to contemplate whole universes that are, in principle, beyond human reach. Roger Trigg challenges those who deny that science needs philosophical assumptions. Trigg claims that the foundations of science themselves have to lie beyond science. It takes reasoning apart from experience to discover what is not yet known and this metaphysical reasoning to imagine realities beyond what can be accessed. “In Beyond Matter, Roger Trigg advances a powerful, persuasive, fair-minded argument that the sciences require a philosophical, metaphysical foundation. This is a brilliant book for newcomers to the philosophy of science and experts alike.” —Charles Taliaferro, professor of philosophy, St. Olaf College



Does Science Need Secrecy Classic Reprint


Does Science Need Secrecy Classic Reprint
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Author : Albert Leffingwell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-07-02

Does Science Need Secrecy Classic Reprint written by Albert Leffingwell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-02 with History categories.


Excerpt from Does Science Need Secrecy? A third edition of this pamphlet having been called for, bringing its circulation up to fifteen thousand, an opportunity is afforded for a brief introduction. The discerning reader cannot fail to note the only purpose of this essay. In no sense is it intended as a discussion of the ethics of vivisection or as a denunciation of cruelty. It is simply a challenge. It denies that a certain manifesto, put forth by six of the leading vivisectors of Harvard University, was, - what it claimed to be, - "a plain statement of the whole truth." These eminent scientists, affirmed of painful vivisections that "such investigations are rare; none such have been made in Harvard Medical School within our knowledge." That assertion was either true or false. To prove its untruth; to demonstrate beyond question that experiments causing some degree of pain, - and occasionally prolonged pain, - had been performed by some of the very men who were responsible for that most astounding assertion, was the principal object of the following pages. The experiments in question might have been free from any stigma of cruelty; they might have been entirely justifiable; but that was not the point at issue. A deliberate statement was made to the public that no painful vivisections had been performed in the Harvard Medical School; and that statement was false. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.



Physics For The Inquiring Mind


Physics For The Inquiring Mind
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Author : Eric M. Rogers
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1960

Physics For The Inquiring Mind written by Eric M. Rogers and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1960 with Physics categories.


In our scientific age an understanding of physics is part of a liberal education. Lawyers, bankers, governors, business heads, administrators, all wise educated people need a lasting understanding of physics so that they can enjoy those contacts with science and scientists that are part of our civilization both materially and intellectually. They need knowledge and understanding instead of the feelings, all too common, that physics is dark and mysterious and that physicists are a strange people with incomprehensible interests. Such a sense of understanding science and scientists can be gained neither from sermons on the beauty of science nor from the rigorous courses that colleges have offered for generations; when the headache clears away it leaves little but a confused sense of mystery. Nor is the need met by survey courses that offer a smorgasbord of tidbit--they give science a bad name as a compendium of information or formulas. The non-scientist needs a course of study that enables him to learn real science and make its own--with delight. For lasting benefits the intelligent non-scientist needs a course of study that enables him to learn genuine science carefully and then encourages him to think about it and use it. He needs a carefully selected framework of topics--not so many that learning becomes superficial and hurried; not so few that he misses the connected nature of scientific work and thinking. He must see how scientific knowledge is built up by building some scientific knowledge of his own, by reading and discussing and if possible by doing experiments himself. He must think his own way through some scientific arguments. He must form his own opinion, with guidance, concerning the parts played by experiment and theory; and he must be shown how to develop a taste for good theory. He must see several varieties of scientific method at work. And above all, he must think about science for himself and enjoy that. These are the things that this book encourages readers to gain, by their own study and thinking. Physics for the Inquiring Mind is a book for the inquiring mind of students in college and for other readers who want to grow in scientific wisdom, who want to know what physics really is.



Houston We Have A Narrative


Houston We Have A Narrative
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Author : Randy Olson
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2015-09-15

Houston We Have A Narrative written by Randy Olson and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-15 with Science categories.


Communicate more effectively about science—by taking a page from Hollywood and improving your storytelling skills. Ask a scientist about Hollywood, and you’ll probably get eye rolls. But ask someone in Hollywood about science, and they’ll see dollar signs: Moviemakers know that science can be the source of great stories, with all the drama and action that blockbusters require. That’s a huge mistake, says Randy Olson: Hollywood has a lot to teach scientists about how to tell a story—and, ultimately, how to do science better. With Houston, We Have a Narrative, he lays out a stunningly simple method for turning the dull into the dramatic. Drawing on his unique background, which saw him leave his job as a working scientist to launch a career as a filmmaker, Olson first diagnoses the problem: When scientists tell us about their work, they pile one moment and one detail atop another moment and another detail—a stultifying procession of “and, and, and.” What we need instead is an understanding of the basic elements of story, the narrative structures that our brains are all but hardwired to look for—which Olson boils down, brilliantly, to “And, But, Therefore,” or ABT. At a stroke, the ABT approach introduces momentum (“And”), conflict (“But”), and resolution (“Therefore”)—the fundamental building blocks of story. As Olson has shown by leading countless workshops worldwide, when scientists’ eyes are opened to ABT, the effect is staggering: suddenly, they’re not just talking about their work—they’re telling stories about it. And audiences are captivated. Written with an uncommon verve and enthusiasm, and built on principles that are applicable to fields far beyond science, Houston, We Have a Narrative has the power to transform the way science is understood and appreciated, and ultimately how it’s done.



Reproducibility And Replicability In Science


Reproducibility And Replicability In Science
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2019-10-20

Reproducibility And Replicability In Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-20 with Science categories.


One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.