Party System Stability Versus Collapse
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Party System Stability Versus Collapse
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Author : Jana Morgan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Party System Stability Versus Collapse written by Jana Morgan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
This paper examines why some party systems collapse, while similar systems confronting what seem to be equally insurmountable obstacles survive. I argue that when party systems neglect their central task of linking society and the state, they lose their reason for existence and fail. Parties may provide linkage through any combination of three major strategies: programmatic representation, group-based incorporation, and clientelism. But if the major parties in the system are unable to satisfy mounting or changing demands for linkage and therefore fail to capture voter support, the party system collapses. When new demands challenge the core representational profile of a party system and the system's context undermines appropriate adaptation, linkage deteriorates and the party system fails. Using Boolean algebra and comparative historical analysis of eight cases of party system collapse and survival in Latin America, Europe and Asia, I detail how linkage disintegrates, account for party system failure in some contexts, and explain how other threatened systems have endured. I find that programmatic representation deteriorates when economic crisis occurs in a context of international policy constraints and inter-party agreements, that group-based incorporation decays when the structure or type of politically salient social cleavages transform and threaten powerful, entrenched interests, and that clientelism suffers when political reforms increase demand at the same time that parties face economic crisis and reforms cut that them off from benefits to distribute. When all types of linkage deteriorate, the entire system collapses.
Bankrupt Representation And Party System Collapse
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Author : Jana Morgan
language : en
Publisher: Penn State Press
Release Date : 2011
Bankrupt Representation And Party System Collapse written by Jana Morgan and has been published by Penn State Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Political Science categories.
"Explores the phenomenon of party system collapse through a detailed examination of Venezuela's traumatic party system decay, as well as a comparative analysis of collapse in Bolivia, Colombia, and Argentina and survival in Argentina, India, Uruguay, and Belgium"--Provided by publisher.
Party Systems In Latin America
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Author : Scott Mainwaring
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-02-08
Party Systems In Latin America written by Scott Mainwaring and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-08 with Political Science categories.
This book generates a wealth of new empirical information about Latin American party systems and contributes richly to major theoretical debates about party systems and democracy.
Party System Collapse
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Author : Jason Seawright
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2012-10-24
Party System Collapse written by Jason Seawright and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-24 with Political Science categories.
Most party systems are relatively stable over time. Yet in the 1980s and 1990s, established party systems in Peru and Venezuela broke down, leading to the elections of outsider Alberto Fujimori and anti-party populist Hugo Chavez. Focusing on these two cases, this book explores the causes of systemic collapse. To date, scholars have pointed to economic crises, the rise of the informal economy, and the charisma and political brilliance of Fujimori and Chavez to explain the changes in Peru and Venezuela. This book uses economic data, surveys, and experiments to show that these explanations are incomplete. Political scientist Jason Seawright argues that party-system collapse is motivated fundamentally by voter anger at the traditional political parties, which is produced by corruption scandals and failures of representation. Integrating economic, organizational, and individual considerations, Seawright provides a new explanation and compelling new evidence to present a fuller picture of voters' decisions and actions in bringing about party-system collapse, and the rise of important outsider political leaders in South America.
Party System Closure
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Author : Fernando Casal Bértoa
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
Party System Closure written by Fernando Casal Bértoa and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Political Science categories.
Party System Closure maps trends in interparty relations in Europe from 1848 until 2019. It investigates how the length of democratic experience, the institutionalization of individual parties, the fragmentation of parliaments, and the support for anti-establishment parties, shape the degree of institutionalization of party systems. The analyses presented answer the questions of whether predictability in partisan interactions is necessary for the survival of democratic regimes and whether it improves or undermines the quality of democracy. The developments of party politics at the elite level are contrasted with the dynamics of voting behaviour. The comparisons of distinct historical periods and of macro-regions provide a comprehensive picture of the European history of party competition and cooperation. The empirical overview presented in the book is based on a novel conceptual framework and features party composition data of more than a thousand European governments. Party systems are analysed in terms of poles and blocs, and the degree of closure and of polarization is related to a new party system typology. The book demonstrates that information collected from partisan interactions at the time of government formation can reveal changes that characterise the party system as a whole. The empirical results confirm that the Cold War period (1945-1989) was exceptionally stable, while the post-Berlin-Wall era shows signs of disintegration, although more at the level of voters than at the level of elites. After three decades of democratic politics in Europe (1990-2019), the West and the South are looking increasingly like the East, especially in terms of the level of party de-institutionalization. The West and the South are becoming more polarised than the East, but in terms of parliamentary fragmentation, the party systems of the South and the East are converging, while the West is diverging from the rest with its increasingly high number of parties. As far as our central concept, party system closure, is concerned, thanks to the gradual process of stabilization in the East, and the recent de-institutionalization in the West and South, the regional differences are declining. Comparative Politics is a series for researchers, teachers, and students of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu. The series is edited by Susan Scarrow, Chair of the Department of Political Science, University of Houston, and Jonathan Slapin, Professor of Political Institutions and European Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Zurich.
Comparing Party System Change
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Author : Jan-Erik Lane
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2003-12-16
Comparing Party System Change written by Jan-Erik Lane and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-12-16 with Political Science categories.
This volume brings together comparative studies and in-depth case studies that research the diversity of party system change in Europe. In so doing it presents a model for change which challenges orthodox views of political evolution.
European Party Politics In Times Of Crisis
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Author : Swen Hutter
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2019-06-27
European Party Politics In Times Of Crisis written by Swen Hutter and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-27 with Political Science categories.
A study of party competition in Europe since 2008 aids understanding of the recent, often dramatic, changes taking place in European politics.
The French Party System
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Author : Jocelyn Evans
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 2003-11-08
The French Party System written by Jocelyn Evans and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-08 with Political Science categories.
This text provides an overview of political parties in France. The social and ideological profiles of all the major parties are analysed, highlighting their principal functions and dynamics within the system. This examination is complemented by analyses of bloc and system features.
Party System Closure
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Author : Fernando Casal Bértoa
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-05-09
Party System Closure written by Fernando Casal Bértoa and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-09 with Political Science categories.
Party System Closure maps trends in interparty relations in Europe from 1848 until 2019. It investigates how the length of democratic experience, the institutionalization of individual parties, the fragmentation of parliaments, and the support for anti-establishment parties, shape the degree of institutionalization of party systems. The analyses presented answer the questions of whether predictability in partisan interactions is necessary for the survival of democratic regimes and whether it improves or undermines the quality of democracy. The developments of party politics at the elite level are contrasted with the dynamics of voting behaviour. The comparisons of distinct historical periods and of macro-regions provide a comprehensive picture of the European history of party competition and cooperation. The empirical overview presented in the book is based on a novel conceptual framework and features party composition data of more than a thousand European governments. Party systems are analysed in terms of poles and blocs, and the degree of closure and of polarization is related to a new party system typology. The book demonstrates that information collected from partisan interactions at the time of government formation can reveal changes that characterise the party system as a whole. The empirical results confirm that the Cold War period (1945-1989) was exceptionally stable, while the post-Berlin-Wall era shows signs of disintegration, although more at the level of voters than at the level of elites. After three decades of democratic politics in Europe (1990-2019), the West and the South are looking increasingly like the East, especially in terms of the level of party de-institutionalization. The West and the South are becoming more polarised than the East, but in terms of parliamentary fragmentation, the party systems of the South and the East are converging, while the West is diverging from the rest with its increasingly high number of parties. As far as our central concept, party system closure, is concerned, thanks to the gradual process of stabilization in the East, and the recent de-institutionalization in the West and South, the regional differences are declining. Comparative Politics is a series for researchers, teachers, and students of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterised by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visit: www.ecprnet.eu. The series is edited by Susan Scarrow, Chair of the Department of Political Science, University of Houston, and Jonathan Slapin, Professor of Political Institutions and European Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Zurich.
Party Vibrancy And Democracy In Latin America
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Author : Fernando Rosenblatt
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-05-01
Party Vibrancy And Democracy In Latin America written by Fernando Rosenblatt and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-01 with Political Science categories.
Even in Latin America's most socially and economically stable countries, new parties emerge constantly, old parties collapse, and party systems across the region are notoriously fragile. Still, there are also successful stories. There have been a number of parties in Colombia, Chile, and Venezuela that used to be able to operate well beyond electoral cycles and preserve a significant presence in their respective countries for decades. How do such political parties remain vibrant organizations over time? In Party Vibrancy and Democracy in Latin America, Fernando Rosenblatt sheds new light on how party vibrancy is maintained and reproduced over time in three of the region's more stable countries-Chile, Costa Rica, and Uruguay. Referencing these three "consolidated" democracies with records of good governance, Rosenblatt identifies the complex interaction between four causal factors that can explain party vibrancy: Purpose, Trauma, Channels of Ambition, and Moderate Exit Barriers. "Purpose" activates prospective loyalty among party members. "Trauma" refers to a shared traumatic past which engenders retrospective loyalty. "Channels of Ambition" are established routes by which individuals can pursue political careers. Finally, "Moderate Exit Barriers" are rules that set costs of defection at reasonable levels. When these factors work together throughout a party's "Golden Age," they can demonstrate a link between party organizations´ stability and the quality of democratic representation across Latin America. As Rosenblatt finds, when parties remain vibrant organizations, democracies are better able to withstand challenges long-term. A unique qualitative study, Party Vibrancy and Democracy in Latin America demonstrates how the vitality of political parties can directly and indirectly impact how effective they are as intermediaries for their citizens not just in Latin America, but around the world.