Peer Effects In The Classroom

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Peer Effects In The Classroom

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Author : Caroline Minter Hoxby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Peer Effects In The Classroom written by Caroline Minter Hoxby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Academic achievement categories.

Peer effects are potentially important for understanding the optimal organization of schools, jobs, and neighborhoods, but finding evidence is difficult because people are selected into peer groups based, in part, on their unobservable characteristics. I identify the effects of peers whom a child encounters in the classroom using sources of variation that are credibly idiosyncratic, such as changes in the gender and racial composition of a grade in a school in adjacent years. I use specification tests, including one based on randomizing the order of years, to confirm that the variation I use is not generated by time trends or other non-idiosyncratic forces. I find that students are affected by the achievement level of their peers: a credibly exogenous change of 1 point in peers' reading scores raises a student's own score between 0.15 and 0.4 points, depending on the specification. Although I find little evidence that peer effects are generally non-linear, I do find that peer effects are stronger intra-race and that some effects do not operate through peers' achievement. For instance, both males and females perform better in math in classrooms that are more female despite the fact that females' math performance is about the same as that of males

Peer Effects In The Classroom

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Author : Margarita Pivovarova
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013

Peer Effects In The Classroom written by Margarita Pivovarova and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.

Handbook Of The Economics Of Education

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Author : Eric A Hanushek
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2006-11-13

Handbook Of The Economics Of Education written by Eric A Hanushek and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-11-13 with Business & Economics categories.

The Handbooks in Economics series continues to provide the various branches of economics with handbooks which are definitive reference sources, suitable for use by professional researchers, advanced graduate students, or by those seeking a teaching supplement. With contributions from leading researchers, each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of the current state of the topic under examination. These surveys summarize the most recent discussions in journals, and elucidate new developments. Although original material is also included, the main aim of this series is the provision of comprehensive and accessible surveys. *Every volume contains contributions from leading researchers *Each Handbook presents an accurate, self-contained survey of a particular topic *The series provides comprehensive and accessible surveys

Peer Effects In The Classroom

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Author : Caroline Minter Hoxby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Peer Effects In The Classroom written by Caroline Minter Hoxby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Academic achievement categories.

Peer effects are potentially important for understanding the optimal organization of schools, jobs, and neighborhoods, but finding evidence is difficult because people are selected into peer groups based, in part, on their unobservable characteristics. I identify the effects of peers whom a child encounters in the classroom using sources of variation that are credibly idiosyncratic, such as changes in the gender and racial composition of a grade in a school in adjacent years. I use specification tests, including one based on randomizing the order of years, to confirm that the variation I use is not generated by time trends or other non-idiosyncratic forces. I find that students are affected by the achievement level of their peers: a credibly exogenous change of 1 point in peers' reading scores raises a student's own score between 0.15 and 0.4 points, depending on the specification. Although I find little evidence that peer effects are generally non-linear, I do find that peer effects are stronger intra-race and that some effects do not operate through peers' achievement. For instance, both males and females perform better in math in classrooms that are more female despite the fact that females' math performance is about the same as that of males

Classroom Peer Effects And Student Achievement Working Paper 08 5

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Author : Mary A. Burke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

Classroom Peer Effects And Student Achievement Working Paper 08 5 written by Mary A. Burke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.

In this paper we analyze the impact of classroom peers on individual student performance with a unique longitudinal data set covering all Florida public school students in grades 3-10 over a five-year period. Unlike many previous data sets used to study peer effects in education, our data set allow us to identify each member of a given student's classroom peer group in elementary, middle, and high school as well as the classroom teacher responsible for instruction. As a result, we can control for individual student fixed effects simultaneously with individual teacher fixed effects, thereby alleviating biases due to endogenous assignment of both peers and teachers, including some dynamic aspects of such assignments. Our estimation strategy, which focuses on the influence of peers' fixed characteristics--both observed and unobserved--on individual test score gains, also alleviates potential biases due to error in measuring peer quality, simultaneity of peer outcomes, and mean reversion. Under linear-in-means specifications, estimated peer effects are small to non-existent, but we find some sizable and significant peer effects within non-linear models. For example, we find that peer effects depend on an individual student's own ability and on the ability level of the peers under consideration, results that suggest Pareto-improving redistributions of students across classrooms and/or schools. Estimated peer effects tend to be smaller when teacher fixed effects are included than when they are omitted, a result that suggests co-movement of peer and teacher quality effects within a student over time. We also find that peer effects tend to be stronger at the classroom level than at the grade level. (Appended to this document is "Comparison of Estimation Methods Using Simulated Data." Contains 28 footnotes and 10 tables.).

Peer Effects In The Classroom Learning From Gender And Race Variation

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Author : Hoxby
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Peer Effects In The Classroom Learning From Gender And Race Variation written by Hoxby and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.

Classroom Peer Effects And Student Achievement

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Author : Mary A. Burke
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

Classroom Peer Effects And Student Achievement written by Mary A. Burke and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.

Classroom Peer Effects And Academic Achievement

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Author : Katherine Grace Carman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Classroom Peer Effects And Academic Achievement written by Katherine Grace Carman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.

This paper estimates peer effects on student achievement using a panel data set from a middle school in China. Unique features of the organization of Chinese middle schools (Grades 7 to 9) and panel data allow us to overcome difficulties that have hindered the separation of peer effects from omitted individual factors due to self-selection and from common teacher effects and to identify peer effects at the classroom level. We estimate peer effects for Math, English, Chinese, and overall test scores separately. In a linear-in-means model controlling for both individual and teacher-by-test fixed effects, peers are found to have a positive and significant effect on math and overall test scores and a positive but insignificant effect on Chinese test scores, but no effect on English test scores. Importantly, students at the middle of the ability distribution tend to benefit from better peers, whereas students at the ends of the ability distribution do not suggesting that policy makers who want to exploit positive peer effects face difficult tradeoffs in classroom and school assignment.

Understanding Peer Influence In Children And Adolescents

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Author : Mitchell J. Prinstein
language : en
Publisher: Guilford Press
Release Date : 2008-05-13

Understanding Peer Influence In Children And Adolescents written by Mitchell J. Prinstein and has been published by Guilford Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-05-13 with Psychology categories.

Scientists, educators, and parents of teens have long recognized the potency of peer influences on children and youth, but until recently, questions of how and why adolescents emulate their peers were largely overlooked. This book presents a comprehensive framework for understanding the processes by which peers shape each other's attitudes and behavior, and explores implications for intervention and prevention. Leading authorities share compelling findings on such topics as how drug use, risky sexual behavior, and other deviant behaviors "catch on" among certain peer groups or cliques; the social, cognitive, developmental, and contextual factors that strengthen or weaken the power of peer influence; and the nature of positive peer influences and how to support them.

Peer Effects In European Primary Schools

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Author : Andreas Ammermueller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Peer Effects In European Primary Schools written by Andreas Ammermueller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Elementary schools categories.

"We estimate peer effects for fourth graders in six European countries. The identification relies on variation across classes within schools. We argue that classes within primary schools are formed roughly randomly with respect to family background. Similar to previous studies, we find sizeable estimates of peer effects in standard OLS specifications. The size of the estimate is much reduced within schools. This could be explained either by selection into schools or by measurement error in the peer background variable. When we correct for measurement error we find within school estimates close to the original OLS estimates. Our results suggest that the peer effect is modestly large, measurement error is important in our survey data, and selection plays little role in biasing peer effects estimates. We find no significant evidence of non-linear peer effects"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site