Permafrost Soils
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Permafrost Soils
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Author : Rosa Margesin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-10-31
Permafrost Soils written by Rosa Margesin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-31 with Science categories.
Most of the Earth’s biosphere is characterized by low temperatures. Vast areas (>20%) of the soil ecosystem are permanently frozen or are unfrozen for only a few weeks in summer. Permafrost regions occur at high latitudes and also at high ele- tions; a significant part of the global permafrost area is represented by mountains. Permafrost soils are of global interest, since a significant increase in temperature is predicted for polar regions. Global warming will have a great impact on these soils, especially in northern regions, since they contain large amounts of organic carbon and act as carbon sinks, and a temperature increase will result in a release of carbon into the atmosphere. Additionally, the intensified release of the clima- relevant tracer gas methane represents a potential environmental harzard. Significant numbers of viable microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, p- totrophic cyanobacteria and green algae, fungi and protozoa, are present in per- frost, and the characteristics of these microorganisms reflect the unique and extreme conditions of the permafrost environment. Remarkably, these microorg- isms have been reported to be metabolically active at subzero temperatures, even down to ?20°C.
Cryosols
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Author : John Kimble
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14
Cryosols written by John Kimble and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Nature categories.
Cryosols – permafrost – occupy a unique part of the earth and have properties greatly different from other soils. They also occur where the greatest impact of global warming is predicted. This is the first book bring together the leading researchers in the area of permafrost soils to produce a review of the geography, cryogenic soil forming processes, ecological processes, classification and use of soils that are affected by permafrost.
Thawing Permafrost
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Author : J. van Huissteden
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-01-01
Thawing Permafrost written by J. van Huissteden and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-01 with Science categories.
This book provides a cross-disciplinary overview of permafrost and the carbon cycle by providing an introduction into the geographical distribution of permafrost, with a focus on the distribution of permafrost and its soil carbon reservoirs. The chapters explain the basic physical properties and processes of permafrost soils: ice, mineral and organic components, and how these interact with climate, vegetation and geomorphological processes. In particular, the book covers the role of the large quantities of ice in many permafrost soils which are crucial to understanding carbon cycle processes. An explanation is given on how permafrost becomes loaded with ice and carbon. Gas hydrates are also introduced. Structures and processes formed by the intense freeze-thaw action in the active layer are considered (e.g. ice wedging, cryoturbation), and the processes that occur as the permafrost thaws, (pond and lake formation, erosion). The book introduces soil carbon accumulation and decomposition mechanisms and how these are modified in a permafrost environment. A separate chapter deals with deep permafrost carbon, gas reservoirs and recently discovered methane emission phenomena from regions such as Northwest Siberia and the Siberian yedoma permafrost.
Permafrost Or Permanently Frozen Ground
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Author : Siemon William Muller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1945
Permafrost Or Permanently Frozen Ground written by Siemon William Muller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1945 with Engineering categories.
Permafrost Soils And Their Regime
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Author : Vsesoi︠u︡znoe obshchestvo pochvovedov (Soviet Union)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
Permafrost Soils And Their Regime written by Vsesoi︠u︡znoe obshchestvo pochvovedov (Soviet Union) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with Frozen ground categories.
Permafrost Soils In Central Siberia
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Author : Norman Gentsch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Permafrost Soils In Central Siberia written by Norman Gentsch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Carbon sequestration categories.
Soil And Permafrost Surveys In The Arctic
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Author : Kenneth A. Linell
language : en
Publisher: Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1981
Soil And Permafrost Surveys In The Arctic written by Kenneth A. Linell and has been published by Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Emphasis of the work is on field problems and procedures associated with arctic terrain.
Evaluation Of Soils And Permafrost Conditions In The Territory Of Alaska By Means Of Aerial Photographs
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Author : Robert E. Frost
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1950
Evaluation Of Soils And Permafrost Conditions In The Territory Of Alaska By Means Of Aerial Photographs written by Robert E. Frost and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1950 with Aerial photography in soil surveys categories.
Geocryology
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Author : Stuart A. Harris
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-28
Geocryology written by Stuart A. Harris and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-28 with Science categories.
This book provides a general survey of Geocryology, which is the study of frozen ground called permafrost. Frozen ground is the product of cold climates as well as a variety of environmental factors. Its major characteristic is the accumulation of large quantities of ice which may exceed 90% by volume. Soil water changing to ice results in ground heaving, while thawing of this ice produces ground subsidence often accompanied by soil flowage. Permafrost is very susceptible to changes in weather and climate as well as to changes in the microenvironment. Cold weather produces contraction of the ground, resulting in cracking of the soil as well as breakup of concrete, rock, etc. Thus permafrost regions have unique landforms and processes not found in warmer lands. The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 provides an introduction to the characteristics of permafrost. Four chapters deal with its definition and characteristics, the unique processes operating there, the factors affecting it, and its general distribution. Part 2 consists of seven chapters describing the characteristic landforms unique to these areas and the processes involved in their formation. Part 3 discusses the special problems encountered by engineers in construction projects including settlements, roads and railways, the oil and gas industry, mining, and the agricultural and forest industries. The three authors represent three countries and three language groups, and together have over 120 years of experience of working in permafrost areas throughout the world. The book contains over 300 illustrations and photographs, and includes an extensive bibliography in order to introduce the interested reader to the large current literature. Finalist of the 2019 PROSE Awards.
Permafrost Ecosystems
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Author : Akira Osawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-01-04
Permafrost Ecosystems written by Akira Osawa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-04 with Science categories.
Drawing from a decade-long collaboration between Japan and Russia, this important volume presents the first major synthesis of current knowledge on the ecophysiology of the coniferous forests growing on permafrost at high latitudes. It presents ecological data for a region long inaccessible to most scientists, and raises important questions about the global carbon balance as these systems are affected by the changing climate. Making up around 20% of the entire boreal forests of the northern hemisphere, these ‘permafrost forest ecosystems’ are subject to particular constraints in terms of temperature, nutrient availability, and root space, creating exceptional ecosystem characteristics not known elsewhere. This authoritative text explores their diversity, structure, dynamics and physiology. It provides a comparison of these forests in relation to boreal forests elsewhere, and concludes with an assessment of the potential responses of this unique biome to climate change. The book will be invaluable to advanced students and researchers interested in boreal vegetation, forest ecology, silviculture and forest soils, as well as to researchers into climate change and the global carbon balance.