Petroleum Tariffs As A Source Of Government Revenue
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Petroleum Tariffs As A Source Of Government Revenue
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Author : Keith B. Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991
Petroleum Tariffs As A Source Of Government Revenue written by Keith B. Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Finance, Public categories.
Petroleum Taxes
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Author : Robert Bacon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Petroleum Taxes written by Robert Bacon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Recent World Bank analysis shows that taxes on petroleum products are a critical source of government revenue for low-income countries. And if the experience of industrial countries serves as any guide, the rates of these taxes will have to rise sharply as low-income economies develop. But policymakers must be mindful of how taxes (and subsides) affect the relative prices of fuels, since too large a difference in process between products cab lead to fuel switching and adulteration, adversely affecting the government tax take and pollution levels.
Clashing Over Commerce
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Author : Douglas A. Irwin
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2017-11-29
Clashing Over Commerce written by Douglas A. Irwin and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-29 with Political Science categories.
A Foreign Affairs Best Book of the Year: “Tells the history of American trade policy . . . [A] grand narrative [that] also debunks trade-policy myths.” —Economist Should the United States be open to commerce with other countries, or should it protect domestic industries from foreign competition? This question has been the source of bitter political conflict throughout American history. Such conflict was inevitable, James Madison argued in the Federalist Papers, because trade policy involves clashing economic interests. The struggle between the winners and losers from trade has always been fierce because dollars and jobs are at stake: depending on what policy is chosen, some industries, farmers, and workers will prosper, while others will suffer. Douglas A. Irwin’s Clashing over Commerce is the most authoritative and comprehensive history of US trade policy to date, offering a clear picture of the various economic and political forces that have shaped it. From the start, trade policy divided the nation—first when Thomas Jefferson declared an embargo on all foreign trade and then when South Carolina threatened to secede from the Union over excessive taxes on imports. The Civil War saw a shift toward protectionism, which then came under constant political attack. Then, controversy over the Smoot-Hawley tariff during the Great Depression led to a policy shift toward freer trade, involving trade agreements that eventually produced the World Trade Organization. Irwin makes sense of this turbulent history by showing how different economic interests tend to be grouped geographically, meaning that every proposed policy change found ready champions and opponents in Congress. Deeply researched and rich with insight and detail, Clashing over Commerce provides valuable and enduring insights into US trade policy past and present. “Combines scholarly analysis with a historian’s eye for trends and colorful details . . . readable and illuminating, for the trade expert and for all Americans wanting a deeper understanding of America’s evolving role in the global economy.” —National Review “Magisterial.” —Foreign Affairs
Oil To Cash
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Author : Todd Moss
language : en
Publisher: CGD Books
Release Date : 2015-06-10
Oil To Cash written by Todd Moss and has been published by CGD Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-10 with Business & Economics categories.
Oil to Cash explores one option to help countries with new oil revenue avoid the so-called resource curse: just give the money directly to citizens. A universal, transparent, and regular cash transfer would not only provide a concrete benefit to regular people, but would also create powerful incentives for citizens to hold their government accountable. Oil to Cash details how and where this idea could work and how policymakers can learn from the experiences with cash transfers in places like Mexico, Mongolia, and Alaska.
Revenue Mobilization In Developing Countries
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Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2011-08-03
Revenue Mobilization In Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-03 with Business & Economics categories.
The Fund has long played a lead role in supporting developing countries’ efforts to improve their revenue mobilization. This paper draws on that experience to review issues and good practice, and to assess prospects in this key area.
A Critical Evaluation Of Petroleum Import Tariffs
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Author : Keith B. Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
A Critical Evaluation Of Petroleum Import Tariffs written by Keith B. Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Import quotas categories.
A General Equilibrium Analysis Of Us Foreign Trade Policy
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Author : Jaime De Melo
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1992
A General Equilibrium Analysis Of Us Foreign Trade Policy written by Jaime De Melo and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Business & Economics categories.
The authors' model is the first large-scale computer simulation of the effects of changes in U.S. import quotas.
Oil Windfalls
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Author : Alan H. Gelb
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 1988
Oil Windfalls written by Alan H. Gelb and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Business & Economics categories.
This book assesses the full impact of oil windfalls on six developing producer countries - Algeria, Ecuador, Indonesia, Nigeria, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. This is the first time that the issue has been systematically analysed and related to economics policies and underlying macroeconomic characteristics. The book adopts a broad approach, blending institutional and political aspects with quantitative analysis which includes the results of sophisticated model simulations. It presents new information on how oil discoveries have been used by producer governments, and analyses of the consequences. Finally it concludes that much of the potential benefit to producers has been dissipated, and explains why producers may actually end up worse off despite revenue gains.
Coal Myths And Environmental Realities
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Author : Alvin L. Alm
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-03-01
Coal Myths And Environmental Realities written by Alvin L. Alm and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-01 with Political Science categories.
This book deals with two inconsistent myths that persistently surround industrial use of coal. The first myth is that the Clean Air Act precluded the use of coal; the second, that industrial use of coal will expand rapidly as a result of purely economic choices. Through analyzing fuel-use decisions actually made by industry, Mr. Alm concludes that environmental quality standards have played a minor role in industrial choice of fuel. Historically, natural gas and oil have been both less costly and more convenient fuels for industry to use. Coal gained a substantial economic advantage over oil after the oil price increases of the last decade, yet it continues to maintain a lower market share than economics alone would suggest. Mr. Alm demonstrates that coal's share of the fuel market will continue to remain low because of the way U.S. businesses view fuel-use choices. For most U.S. firms, energy costs are a relatively small portion of total costs and a minor factor in a firm's ability to compete. Faced with alternative capital projects to expand production facilities or to make mandatory investments, companies do not generally give high priority to coal conversion projects. Moreover, most U.S. firms have little experience with burning coal, and that lack of expertise creates additional psychological and institutional barriers to coal's use. Finally, there is a tendency to prefer high-payoff, short-term investments over projects that promise cost savings many years in the future. These are all strong reasons for coal's lackluster performance in the industrial market—much more potent forces than environmental regulations.
Assessing Prospective Trade Policy
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Author : Oliver Morrissey
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-09-30
Assessing Prospective Trade Policy written by Oliver Morrissey and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-30 with Business & Economics categories.
The European Union (EU) has provided trade preferences to the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries since 1975. To maintain these preferences, a series of economic partnership agreements (EPAs) between the EU and regional groupings of ACP countries are being agreed, (negotiations started around 2003 and many framework agreements have been signed). As multilateral negotiations within the World Trade Organisation have stalled, EPAs are currently the single most important policy issue for ACP trade. This volume assesses EPAs and the potential impact on ACP countries, provides guidance for ACP negotiators in future negotiations and introduces methods to analyse the impact of future trade reforms. The essential features are that ACP countries commit to remove tariffs on substantially all imports from the EU and the EU offers improved market access to ACP exporters. For ACP countries the major impacts will be increased imports from the EU, hence a loss of tariff revenue and increased competition from imports in domestic and regional markets, implying significant adjustment costs, which may be offset by some increases in exports to the EU. This collection excellently outlines a variety of analytical methods that can be used to assess the potential economic effects of trade policy reforms, shows how these can be applied to EPAs and derives implications for the issues that should be addressed in negotiating the details of agreements. This valuable contribution offers a balanced assessment of the issues and should be essential reading for postgraduates and researchers focussing on Development Economics. Furthermore, the book is written in an accessible style and should be an excellent resource for trade negotiators and government officials concerned with trade relations, as well as officials in the European Commission, individual countries (ACP, Commonwealth, EU) and in multilateral organizations (WTO, UNECA, World Bank, UNCTAD).