Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok Policy Design By Using Contingent Valuation Surveys

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Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok Policy Design By Using Contingent Valuation Surveys

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Author : Elisabetta Capannelli, Jitendra J. Shah, Jian Xie
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2004

Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok Policy Design By Using Contingent Valuation Surveys written by Elisabetta Capannelli, Jitendra J. Shah, Jian Xie and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Air quality management categories.

"Xie, Shah, Capannelli and Wang use a contingent valuation method to study the design of economic incentives to phase out polluting motorcycles in Bangkok. Like in many other cities, the government of Bangkok has been considering a series of control measures to discourage and eventually eliminate the use of heavily polluting motorcycles. Two of the possible policy instruments under consideration are charges on those polluting vehicles which are operating in the streets and compensation to those polluting vehicles which would stay off the roads. The policy research questions then include (1) what are the charges implied or compensation provided, given a policy target, and (2) what are the reactions of motorcycle owners to those charges or compensation. To answer those policy questions, the authors conducted a stochastic contingent valuation survey in Bangkok to question motorcycle owners on the likelihood they would keep or give up riding their motorcycles in the streets given certain charges or compensations. Results show that among others, about 80 percent of those motorcycles which did not pass the emission tests would be off the streets if a charge of 1,000 baht a year was levied, while under a one-time compensation of 10,000 baht, the number would be about 50 percent. The authors also estimate the average values of maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for staying on the road and minimum willingness to accept (WTA)

Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok

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Author : Jian Xie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016

Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok written by Jian Xie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.

Xie, Shah, Capannelli and Wang use a contingent valuation method to study the design of economic incentives to phase out polluting motorcycles in Bangkok. Like in many other cities, the government of Bangkok has been considering a series of control measures to discourage and eventually eliminate the use of heavily polluting motorcycles. Two of the possible policy instruments under consideration are charges on those polluting vehicles which are operating in the streets and compensation to those polluting vehicles which would stay off the roads. The policy research questions then include (1) what are the charges implied or compensation provided, given a policy target, and (2) what are the reactions of motorcycle owners to those charges or compensation. To answer those policy questions, the authors conducted a stochastic contingent valuation survey in Bangkok to question motorcycle owners on the likelihood they would keep or give up riding their motorcycles in the streets given certain charges or compensations. Results show that among others, about 80 percent of those motorcycles which did not pass the emission tests would be off the streets if a charge of 1,000 baht a year was levied, while under a one-time compensation of 10,000 baht, the number would be about 50 percent. The authors also estimate the average values of maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for staying on the road and minimum willingness to accept (WTA) compensation for staying off the street, and analyze the determinants of WTP and WTA. Their econometric analysis shows that, among other factors, household income, fuel costs, use of motorcycles, and/or public transit affect the value of WTP and WTA.This paper - a product of Infrastructure and Environment, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study environmental policy issues in developing countries.

Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Phasing Out Polluting Motorcycles In Bangkok written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Air quality management categories.

"Xie, Shah, Capannelli and Wang use a contingent valuation method to study the design of economic incentives to phase out polluting motorcycles in Bangkok. Like in many other cities, the government of Bangkok has been considering a series of control measures to discourage and eventually eliminate the use of heavily polluting motorcycles. Two of the possible policy instruments under consideration are charges on those polluting vehicles which are operating in the streets and compensation to those polluting vehicles which would stay off the roads. The policy research questions then include (1) what are the charges implied or compensation provided, given a policy target, and (2) what are the reactions of motorcycle owners to those charges or compensation. To answer those policy questions, the authors conducted a stochastic contingent valuation survey in Bangkok to question motorcycle owners on the likelihood they would keep or give up riding their motorcycles in the streets given certain charges or compensations. Results show that among others, about 80 percent of those motorcycles which did not pass the emission tests would be off the streets if a charge of 1,000 baht a year was levied, while under a one-time compensation of 10,000 baht, the number would be about 50 percent. The authors also estimate the average values of maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for staying on the road and minimum willingness to accept (WTA) compensation for staying off the street, and analyze the determinants of WTP and WTA. Their econometric analysis shows that, among other factors, household income, fuel costs, use of motorcycles, and/or public transit affect the value of WTP and WTA. This papera product of Infrastructure and Environment, Development Research Groupis part of a larger effort in the group to study environmental policy issues in developing countries"--World Bank web site.

Contingent Valuation

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Author : R. Carson
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2012-01-01

Contingent Valuation written by R. Carson and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.

This major reference work the first of its kind provides a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the large and growing literature on contingent valuation. It includes entries on over 7,500 contingent valuation papers and studies from over 130 countries covering both the published and grey literatures. This book provides an interpretive historical account of the development of contingent valuation, the most commonly used approach to placing a value on goods not normally sold in the marketplace. The major fields catalogued here include culture, the environment, and health application. This bibliography is an ideal starting point for researchers wanting to find other studies that have valued goods or used techniques similar to those they are interested in. For those wanting to conduct meta analyses, the book will serve as an invaluable guide to source material. For those wanting to conduct meta analyses, the book will serve as an invaluable guide to source material. In addition to the print edition we offer access, for purchasers of the book, to a website providing the contents of as a searchable Word document and in a variety of standard bibliographic database forms. Contingent Valuation is an indispensable reference source for researchers, scholars and policymakers concerned with survey approaches to the problem of environmental valuation.

Toward A Social Policy For Argentina S Infrastructure Sectors

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Author : Vivien Foster
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Toward A Social Policy For Argentina S Infrastructure Sectors written by Vivien Foster and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Argentina categories.

The author's findings are that current social policies do not prove to be very effective in targeting resources to the poor. They have no real impact on the distribution of income across customers. An important reason for this targeting failure is the tendency to allocate resources to all households resident in a particular geographical area, irrespective of socioeconomic status. A series of simulations that limit subsidies to households reaching a minimum score on a multidimensional poverty index show that individual targeting of this kind potentially leads to a more progressive distribution of subsidies. However, the greatest improvements in targeting performance would be achieved if efforts switched from subsidizing the use of infrastructure services to subsidizing connections to those services"--Abstract.

A Survey Of Securities Laws And Enforcement

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Author : Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

A Survey Of Securities Laws And Enforcement written by Florencio Lopez-de-Silanes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Capital market categories.

Special Issues Relating To Corporate Governance And Family Control

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Author : Randall Morck
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Special Issues Relating To Corporate Governance And Family Control written by Randall Morck and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Corporate governance categories.

"Control of corporate assets by wealthy families in economies lacking institutional integrity is common. It has negative implications on corporate governance and adverse macroeconomic effects when it extends across a sufficiently large part of the country's corporate sector. Morck and Yeung consider the reasons why family control and control pyramids predominate in emerging market economies and in some industrial economies. They also discuss the reasons why widely held freestanding firms predominate in the United States. The authors discuss policies that countries might adopt to discourage family control pyramids, but caution that control pyramids are but one feature of an institutionally deficient economy. A concerted effort to improve a country's institutions is needed before diffuse ownership is desirable. This paper a product of the Global Corporate Governance Forum, Corporate Governance Department is part of a larger effort in the department to improve the understanding of corporate governance reform in developing countries"--World Bank web site.

Foreign Bank Entry Performance Of Domestic Banks And Sequence Of Financial Liberalization

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Author : Nihal Bayraktar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Foreign Bank Entry Performance Of Domestic Banks And Sequence Of Financial Liberalization written by Nihal Bayraktar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Banks and banking categories.

One observation based on descriptive analysis is that the degree of openness to foreign bank entry varies a great deal, which is not correlated with average income levels or with GDP growth. Second, the sequence of financial liberalization matters for the performance of the domestic banking sector: After controlling for macroeconomic variables and grouping countries by their sequence of liberalization, foreign bank entry has significantly improved domestic bank competitiveness in countries that liberalized their stock market first. In these countries, both profit and cost indicators are negatively related to the share of foreign banks. Countries that liberalized their capital account first seem to have benefited less from foreign bank entry compared with the other two sets of countries"--Abstract.

The Challenge Of Reducing Subsidies And Trade Barriers

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Author : Kym Anderson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

The Challenge Of Reducing Subsidies And Trade Barriers written by Kym Anderson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Free trade categories.

"This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. Anderson argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economywide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals"--Abstract.

The Transactions Costs Of Primary Market Issuance

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Author : Sara Zervos
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

The Transactions Costs Of Primary Market Issuance written by Sara Zervos and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Business enterprises categories.

"Zervos documents the precise costs of debt and equity issuance, both domestically and internationally, for firms in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. Costs include investment banking and legal fees, regulatory and exchange listing costs, rating agency fees, and expenditures for marketing and publishing. Her findings suggest that Brazilian firms face similar costs in issuing debt locally or abroad, whereas domestic equity issuance is nearly twice as expensive as debt. While the Chilean domestic corporate debt market is well developed by emerging market standards (size of the market and maturity of issues), Chilean firms can issue debt more cheaply internationally than at home. In addition, while equity financing is cheaper in Chile from a transaction cost perspective, over the past decade most firms have used bonds rather than shares to raise capital. This financing trend is true in all three countries. Finally, Mexican firms can issue debt at the lowest costs of the three, but face the highest equity issuing costs. In addition to documenting these features, the author sheds light on how the investor base in these countries plays a strong role in influencing the ability of firms to access domestic capital markets"--Abstract.