Photonic Crystal Fiber As A Robust Raman Biosensor
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Photonic Crystal Fiber As A Robust Raman Biosensor
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Author : Altaf Khetani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Photonic Crystal Fiber As A Robust Raman Biosensor written by Altaf Khetani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This thesis focuses on the investigation and development of an integrated optical biosensor based on enhanced Raman techniques that will provide label-free detection of biomolecules. This is achieved by using hollow core photonic crystal fibers (HC-PCF), nanoparticles, or both. HC-PCF is a unique type of optical fiber, with continuous 'channels' of air (typically) running the entire length. The channels serve to confine electromagnetic waves in the core of the fiber, and tailor its transmission properties. Using HC-PCF as a biosensor requires development of a robust technique to fill hollow-core photonic crystal fibers. Though several groups have reported selective filling of HC-PCF's core, the processes are cumbersome and limit the choice of liquid to avoid multimode behavior. In my Master's thesis, I presented a simple technique to non-selectively fill all the HC-PCF channels with samples. The non-selective filling preserves the photonic bandgap property of the fiber, and yields an extremely strong interaction of light and the sample that produces considerable enhancement of the Raman signal from the analyte. Up to now, non-selective filling was accomplished through capillary action and it delivered a Raman signal enhancement of approximately 30-fold, which is not sensitive enough to detect biomolecules at the clinical level. Moreover, there were issues of reliability and reproducibility, due to evaporation, filling and coupling light into the fiber. The objective of this PhD research was to overcome these problems by developing a robust optical fiber platform based on Raman spectroscopy that can be used in a clinical setting. I initially focused on heparin, an important blood anti-coagulant that requires precise monitoring and control in patients undergoing cardiac surgery or dialysis. Since the Raman spectra of heparin-serum mixtures exhibits Raman peaks of heparin with poor signal-to-noise ratios, I concentrated on enhancing the heparin Raman signal and filtering out the spectral background of the serum to improve detection sensitivity. Reaching maximum enhancement of the Raman signal required a strong interaction of light and analyte, which can be achieved by using hollow core photonic crystal fiber as I had used in my Master's research. Using a small piece of HC-PCF I was able to reach an enhancement in the heparin Raman signal of greater than 90-fold. With this degree of enhancement, I was able to successfully detect and monitor heparin in serum at clinical levels, something that had never been accomplished previously. After developing HC-PCF as a Raman signal enhancer, I focused on making the HC-PCF sensor robust, reliable and reusable. This was achieved by integrating the HC-PCF with a differential pressure system that allowed effective filling, draining and refilling of the samples in an HC-PCF, under identical optical conditions. To demonstrate the device's detection capabilities, various concentrations of aqueous ethanol and isopropanol, followed by different concentrations of heparin and adenosine in serum, were successfully monitored. To further improve the sensitivity of the HC-PCF based Raman sensor, I incorporated surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), by introducing nanoparticles into the HC-PCF fibers. The research focused on determining the optimal volume and size of silver nanoparticles to achieve maximum enhancement of the Raman signal in the HC-PCF. The HC-PCF enhanced the Raman signal of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) approximately 90-fold. In addition, the optimal size and volume of AgNP enhanced the Raman signal of R6G approximately 40-fold, leading to a total enhancement of approximately 4,000 in HC-PCF. This was then used to demonstrate the application of a SERS based HC-PCF sensing platform in monitoring adenosine (a clinically important molecule), as well as malignant cells such as leukemia. Finally, I used hollow core crystal fibers to significantly enhance the efficiency of two-photon photochemistry. Although two-photon photochemical reactions are difficult to achieve with a small volume, I accomplished it by using a novel platform of HC-PCF to efficiently execute the two-photon induced photodecarbonylation reaction of cyclopropenone 1, and its conversion to the corresponding acetylene. The simple optical design configuration involved coupling an 800-nm tsunami laser to a short piece of HC-PCF filled with the sample. This allowed me to increase the efficiency of two-photon induced photochemistry by 80-fold, compared to a conventional spectrophotometer cuvette. Thus, this work leads to the use of HC-PCFs to more effectively study two-photon induced photochemistry processes, which was limited due to the difficulty of detecting photochemical events with a small excitation volume.
Fiber Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy In Aqueous Media
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Author : Di Yan
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Fiber Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy In Aqueous Media written by Di Yan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
This dissertation focuses on the investigation and development of an optical biosensor based on fiber-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (FERS) that provides chemical selective and sensitive label-free detection of biomolecules. FERS has been achieved by using various types of liquid core optical fibers, which guide the light within the liquid sample and increase the interaction length with the analyte molecules. The first part of this dissertation explains the FERS technique in detail and describes the current state of research of FERS. Several essential characteristics, such as fiber length, attenuation, material and refractive index, are thoroughly discussed in considerations of Raman intensity enhancement. Liquid-core fibers formed with hollow-core photonic-crystal fibers (HC-PCFs) and polymer fibers are introduced and discussed, as they are the most important breakthroughs. The objective of this research is to develop a robust optical fiber platform based on Raman spectroscopy that shows potential for use in bio-analytical and clinical applications. In this work, I demonstrate a combination of UV-resonance Raman spectroscopy (UV-RRS) and liquid-core fibers, to increases the sensitivity for the detection of low-concentrated pharmaceuticals tremendously. This combined enhancement technique was applied for the detection of bile pigments for monitoring of diseases related to hyperbilirubinemia and hyperbiliverdinemia. Their poor optical quality strongly limits the performances of the polymer-based liquid-core fibers. Therefore, the implementation of HC-PCFs was explored in two different types of optical guiding. Waveguiding in the visible range is achieved for the first time in both kinds of liquid-filled HC-PCFs, and therefore the Raman scattering wavelengths are not anymore limited to the insensitive NIR range. In order to achieve easy-to-use and stable FERS devices for further development, the performance of HC-PCFs in the aspect of light-confinement was studied with the help of a specially designed multi-channel Raman chemical imaging. The optimal fiber length, spatial filtering, and optical coupling were thoroughly analyzed, and an automatic coupling system was developed. With the development of optical fibers, FERS shows increasing potential as a robust, fast, chemical selective and sensitive tool for the detection of biomolecules in clinical, pharmaceutical, and biological applications.
Photonic Crystal Fiber As A Biosensor
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Author : Altaf Khetani
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Photonic Crystal Fiber As A Biosensor written by Altaf Khetani and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Biosensors categories.
Supercontinuum generation is yet another area which has seen tremendous growth through the use of solid core PCF. Here we have covered the excitation of cladding and core mode in an endlessly single mode PCF which has the potential to be used as an effective type of biosensor as the penetration of light in the cladding channels is very strong compared to an evanescent wave field.
Optical Guided Wave Chemical And Biosensors I
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Author : Mohammed Zourob
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-03-18
Optical Guided Wave Chemical And Biosensors I written by Mohammed Zourob and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-18 with Science categories.
For the first time, distinguished scientists from key institutions worldwide provide a comprehensive approach to optical sensing techniques employing the phenomenon of guided wave propagation for chemical and biosensors. This includes both state-of the-art fundamentals and innovative applications of these techniques. The authors present a deep analysis of their particular subjects in a way to address the needs of novice researchers such as graduate students and post-doctoral scholars as well as of established researchers seeking new avenues. Researchers and practitioners who need a solid foundation or reference will find this work invaluable. This first of two volumes contains eight chapters covering planar waveguides for sensing, as well as sensing techniques based on plasmonic waveguides.
Plasmonics Based Optical Sensors And Detectors
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Author : Banshi D. Gupta
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2023-08-24
Plasmonics Based Optical Sensors And Detectors written by Banshi D. Gupta and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Plasmonics stems from the surface charge density oscillations at metal–dielectric interface, leading to extremely strong light–matter interactions. In the past few decades, plasmonics has become one of the most favorite fields/techniques in realizing high-performance photonic devices. For this purpose, different new concepts, such as exploration of different radiation frequency regions, two-dimensional materials/heterostructures, and different types of substrates for the excitation of plasmons have been investigated for plasmonics-based sensors and detectors. This book focuses on the recent and advanced works on optical sensors and detectors utilizing plasmonic techniques for opto-electronic applications. The book is unique as it describes both sensors and detectors based on plasmonics and their practical applications in a single book, a feature not found in any book so far.
Molecular Fiber Sensor Probes Based On Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Sers
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Author : Chao Shi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Molecular Fiber Sensor Probes Based On Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Sers written by Chao Shi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Biophotonics And Biosensing
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Author : Andrea Armani
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2024-06-03
Biophotonics And Biosensing written by Andrea Armani and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Biophotonics and Biosensing: From Fundamental Research to Clinical Trials Through Advances of Signal and Image Processing brings together the knowledge of the basic principles of the field of light-biological tissue interaction, detection methods, data processing techniques, and research, diagnostic and clinical applications. It is suitable for new entrants, while also highlighting the latest developments for experts in the field. This volume includes perspectives by leading experts from the biophotonics, biomedical engineering, and data science communities. The reader will receive a basic grounding in the key theoretical principles and practical components of biophotonics and biosensing. Working principles of devices used in spectroscopy, microscopy, and optical sensing are presented along with their application domains. The reader will learn about existing microscopy-based techniques used in biomedical applications for diagnosis and get to know different signal processing algorithms as used in biophotonics. Finally, through concrete examples, including sample preparation and measurement approaches, see how the field has developed thanks to the integration of biophotonics and optical biosensing with signal processing. Introduces key principles of light-biological tissue interactions and biosensing Discusses how the most promising optical diagnostic methods can exploit contemporary signal and image processing algorithms and data analytics Includes examples of clinical studies with detailed descriptions of their implementation, along with practical guidance
Optical Fiber Sensors
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Author : Ginu Rajan
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-12-19
Optical Fiber Sensors written by Ginu Rajan and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Optical Fiber Sensors: Advanced Techniques and Applications describes the physical principles of, and latest developments in, optical fiber sensors. Providing a fundamental understanding of the design, operation, and practical applications of fiber optic sensing systems, this book: Discusses new and emerging areas of research including photonic crystal fiber sensors, micro- and nanofiber sensing, liquid crystal photonics, acousto-optic effects in fiber, and fiber laser-based sensing Covers well-established areas such as surface plasmon resonance sensors, interferometric fiber sensors, polymer fiber sensors, Bragg gratings in polymer and silica fibers, and distributed fiber sensors Explores humidity sensing applications, smart structure applications, and medical applications, supplying detailed examples of the various fiber optic sensing technologies in use Optical Fiber Sensors: Advanced Techniques and Applications draws upon the extensive academic and industrial experience of its contributing authors to deliver a comprehensive introduction to optical fiber sensors with a strong practical focus suitable for undergraduate and graduate students as well as scientists and engineers working in the field.
Photonic Crystals And Photonic Crystal Fibers For Sensing Applications
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Photonic Crystals And Photonic Crystal Fibers For Sensing Applications written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Crystal optics categories.
Optical Fiber Based Plasmonics Biosensors For Biomedical Applications
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Author : Santosh Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-08-01
Optical Fiber Based Plasmonics Biosensors For Biomedical Applications written by Santosh Kumar and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-01 with Science categories.