Physical Processes In Solar Flares

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Physical Processes In Solar Flares

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Author : B.V. Somov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Physical Processes In Solar Flares written by B.V. Somov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.

Solar flares are very complex electromagnetic phenomena of a cataclysmic nature. Particles are accelerated to very high velocities and a variety of physical processes happen inside and outside flares. These processes can be studied by a large number of techniques from Earth and from space. The aim is to discover the physics behind solar flares. This goal is complicated because information about the flare mechanism can be obtained only in an indirect way by studying the secondary effects. This book provides three stages in the solution of the solar flare problem. Chapter one describes the connection between observational data and theoretical concepts, where it is stressed that next to investigating flares, the related non-stationary large-scale phenomena must be studied as well. The second chapter deals with secondary physical processes, in particular the study of high-temperature plasma dynamics during impulsive heating. The last chapter presents a model built on the knowledge of the two previous chapters and it constructs a theory of non-neutral turbulent current sheets. The author believes that this model will help to solve the problem of solar flares. For solar physicists, plasma physicists, high-energy particle physicists.

Particle Acceleration And Kinematics In Solar Flares

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Author : Markus Aschwanden
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Particle Acceleration And Kinematics In Solar Flares written by Markus Aschwanden and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.

Over the last decade we entered a new exploration phase of solar flare physics, equipped with powerful spacecraft such as Yohkoh, SoHO, and TRACE that pro vide us detail-rich and high-resolution images of solar flares in soft X-rays, hard X -rays, and extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths. Moreover, the large-area and high sensitivity detectors on the Compton GRO spacecraft recorded an unprecedented number of high-energy photons from solar flares that surpasses all detected high energy sources taken together from the rest of the universe, for which CGRO was mainly designed to explore. However, morphological descriptions of these beau tiful pictures and statistical catalogs of these huge archives of solar data would not convey us much understanding of the underlying physics, if we would not set out to quantify physical parameters from these data and would not subject these measurements to theoretical models. Historically, there has always been an unsatisfactory gap between traditional astronomy that dutifully describes the mor phology of observations, and the newer approach of astrophysics, which starts with physical concepts from first principles and analyzes astronomical data with the goal to confirm or disprove theoretical models. In this review we attempt to bridge this yawning gap and aim to present the recent developments in solar flare high-energy physics from a physical point of view, structuring the observations and analysis results according to physical processes, such as particle acceleration, propagation, energy loss, kinematics, and radiation signatures.

Solar Flare Mechanism Based On Magnetic Arcade Reconnection And Island Merging

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Solar Flare Mechanism Based On Magnetic Arcade Reconnection And Island Merging written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.

The authors propose a model describing physical processes of solar flares based on resistive reconnection of magnetic field subject to continuous increase of magnetic shear in the arcade. The individual flaring process consists of magnetic reconnection of arcade field lines, generation of magnetic islands in the magnetic arcade, and coalescence of magnetic islands. When a magnetic arcade is sheared (either by foot point motion or by flux emergence), a current sheet is formed and magnetic reconnection can take place to form a magnetic island. A continuing increase of magnetic shear can trigger a new reconnection process and create a new island in the under lying arcade below the magnetic island. The new born island rises faster than the preceding island and merges with it to form one island. Before completing the island merging process, the new born island exhibits two phases of rising motion: a first phase with a slower rising speed and a second phase with a faster rising speed. The flare plasma heating occurs mainly due to magnetic reconnection in the current sheet under the new born island. The new born island represents the X-ray plasma ejecta which shows two phases of rising motion observed by Yohkoh [Ohyama and Shibata (1997)]. The first phase with slower new born island rising speed corresponds to the early phase of reconnection of line-tied field in the underlying current sheet and is considered as the preflare phase. In the second phase, the island coalescence takes place, and the underlying current sheet is elongated so that the line-tied arcade field reconnection rate is enhanced. This phase is interpreted as the impulsive phase or the flash phase of flares. The obtained reconnection electric field is large enough to accelerate electrons to an energy level higher than 10 keV, which is necessary for observed hard X-ray emissions. After merging of the islands is completed, magnetic reconnection continues in the current sheet under the integrated island for a longer period, which is considered as the main phase of flares. The sequence of all these processes is repeated with some time interval while a shear-increasing motion continues. The authors propose that these repetitive flaring processes constitute a set of homologous flares.

High Energy Aspects Of Solar Flares

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Author : A. Gordon Emslie
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2011-08-24

High Energy Aspects Of Solar Flares written by A. Gordon Emslie and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-24 with Science categories.

This edited volume describes many aspects of current research on solar flares, emphasizing recent progress in understanding their X-ray and gamma-ray emissions. Several of the chapters deal comprehensively with the problems of particle acceleration, conversion of particle energy into various forms of radiation, and the inference of physical processes from observations. Other chapters deal with the full breadth and richness of flare observations, including microflares and nanoflares. This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers in solar physics and space science. Previously published in Space Science Reviews journal, Vol. 159/1-4, 2011.

Physics Of The Sun

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Author : P.A. Sturrock
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01

Physics Of The Sun written by P.A. Sturrock and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.

This volume, together with its two companion volumes, originated in a study commis sioned by the United States National Academy of Sciences on behalf of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A committee composed of Tom Holzer, Dimitri Mihalas, Roger Ulrich and myself was asked to prepare a comprehensive review of current knowledge concerning the physics of the sun. We were fortunate in being able to persuade many distinguished scientists to gather their forces for the preparation of 21 separate chapters covering not only. solar physics but also relevant areas of astrophysics and solar-terrestrial relations. In proved necessary to divide the chapters into three separate volumes that cover three different aspects of solar physics. Volumes I and III are concerned with "The Solar Interior" and with "Astrophysics and Solar-Terrestrial Relations." This volume, devoted to "The Solar Atmosphere," covers not only the chromosphere and corona but also the principal phenomena usually referred to as "solar activity." The emphasis is on identifying and analyzing the relevant physical processes, but each chapter also contains a great deal of descriptive material.

A Model Solar Flares And Their Homologous Behavior

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Author : G. S. Choe
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

A Model Solar Flares And Their Homologous Behavior written by G. S. Choe and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Astrophysics categories.

The Solar Activity Cycle

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Author : André Balogh
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-04-16

The Solar Activity Cycle written by André Balogh and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-16 with Science categories.

A collection of papers edited by four experts in the field, this book sets out to describe the way solar activity is manifested in observations of the solar interior, the photosphere, the chromosphere, the corona and the heliosphere. The 11-year solar activity cycle, more generally known as the sunspot cycle, is a fundamental property of the Sun. This phenomenon is the generation and evolution of magnetic fields in the Sun’s convection zone, the photosphere. It is only by the careful enumeration and description of the phenomena and their variations that one can clarify their interdependences. The sunspot cycle has been tracked back about four centuries, and it has been recognized that to make this data set a really useful tool in understanding how the activity cycle works and how it can be predicted, a very careful and detailed effort is needed to generate sunspot numbers. This book deals with this topic, together with several others that present related phenomena that all indicate the physical processes that take place in the Sun and its exterior environment. The reviews in the book also present the latest theoretical and modelling studies that attempt to explain the activity cycle. It remains true, as has been shown in the unexpected characteristics of the first two solar cycles in the 21st century, that predictability remains a serious challenge. Nevertheless, the highly expert and detailed reviews in this book, using the very best solar observations from both ground- and space based telescopes, provide the best possible report on what is known and what is yet to be discovered. Originally published in Space Science Reviews, Vol 186, Issues 1-4, 2014.

On A Solar Flare Model And Its Laboratory Experimentation

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Author : K. T. YEN
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1965

On A Solar Flare Model And Its Laboratory Experimentation written by K. T. YEN and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1965 with categories.

A theoretical model for solar flares is presented to describe the physical processes considered likely to occur in the solar atmosphere above a complex sunspot group leading to the formation and development of a solar flare. Based on the idea that the strong magnetic fields of large sunspots play the dominant role in these processes, a bipolar sunspot group is considered in some detail to show how a very strong magnetic compression can take place to accumulate enough energy to form a solar flare. Estimates of the time scales for solar plasma confinement and the containment of neutral hydrogen atoms are made to show the proposed model to be a feasible one. Physical conditions favorable to the formation of solar flares and the relationship of flares to prominences and filaments are discussed. A laboratory experiment is outlined to verify the validity of the proposed model, and to investigate, within the limitations of laboratory simulation, the physical phenomenon following the flash phase of a 'flare'. (Author).

A Study Of Physical Mechanisms For Filament Eruption And Coronal Mass Ejection Via Numerical Simulation

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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-28

A Study Of Physical Mechanisms For Filament Eruption And Coronal Mass Ejection Via Numerical Simulation written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-28 with categories.

It is well-known from both observation and theory that photospheric shear motion has played a key role in physical processes of the energy build-up and release for the solar flare. In order to further our understanding of the occurrence of solar flares it is necessary to investigate the triggering mechanism. One popular scenario for the onset of eruptive solar flares is that in response to photospheric shear motions the magnetic field evolves slowly through a series of magnetohydrodynamic-equilibria until a threshold is reached where magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-equilibrium sets in. Thus, a magnetic eruption occurs, causing the solar flare. To substantiate this claim we have employed our newly developed three-dimensional time-dependent MHD code with gravity to simulate the evolution of the coronal field. We use plasma beta = 0.1 to closely approximate the condition in the actual corona. Some preliminary results are presented. Wu, S. T. Unspecified Center NAGW-9...

The Physics Of Solar Flares

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Author : Einar Tandberg-Hanssen
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-07-16

The Physics Of Solar Flares written by Einar Tandberg-Hanssen and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-07-16 with Science categories.

Few phenomena have stirred the imaginations of solar scientists as much as the explosive energy of solar flares. In The Physics of Solar Flares, first published in 1988, Einar Tandberg-Hanssen and A. Gordon Emslie approach this subject by drawing heavily on experimental data from the Solar Maximum Mission, as well as other ground-based and space-borne instruments. The data are incorporated into many theoretical investigations. The authors put the main emphasis on understanding the underlying physical processes. Starting from the language of physics, the authors guide the reader into the more specialised concepts of solar physics. The book is divided into two main parts: four chapters set the essentials of physics needed to attack the complexities of flare phenomena, and then a further four treat different aspects of the phenomena. This important book is aimed primarily at beginning graduate students who are assumed to have knowledge of basic physics.