Physiker Zwischen Autonomie Und Anpassung
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Physiker Zwischen Autonomie Und Anpassung
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Author : Dieter Hoffmann
language : de
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-02-16
Physiker Zwischen Autonomie Und Anpassung written by Dieter Hoffmann and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-16 with Science categories.
Deutschland war im ersten Drittel des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts ein Weltzentrum physikalischer Forschung, insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Theoretischen Physik. Zum institutionellen Netzwerk dieser Hochkultur der Physik gehörte die Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG), eine der ältesten und einflussreichsten wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaften in Deutschland. Die Machtübernahme der Nationalsozialisten im Januar 1933 bedeutete auch für die Physik einen tiefen Einschnitt. Politische Einflussnahme, die Vertreibung jüdischer Gelehrter und die verstärkt anwendungsbezogene und militärtechnische Ausrichtung der Forschung veränderten die Rahmenbedingungen physikalischer Forschung grundlegend und bedeuteten einen gravierenden Verlust an internationalem Ansehen und Einfluss. Welche Rolle spielte die Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft in den Jahren der nationalsozialistischen Gewaltherrschaft, welche Position nahm sie im Prozess der wissenschafts- und forschungspolitischen Neuorientierung ein und was war ihre Funktion im politischen Macht- und Handlungsgefüge des Dritten Reiches? Welchen Einfluss hatten die Vertreter der so genannten "Deutschen Physik" in der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft und in der damaligen Physik generell? Welche Handlungsspielräume hatten die Physiker im Dritten Reich, sich der Vereinnahmung durch ein totalitäres und verbrecherisches Regime zu entziehen? Eine Gruppe namhafter Autoren versucht Antwort auf diese Fragen zu finden und beleuchtet die wissenschaftsimmanenten Aspekte sowie die gesellschaftspolitischen Zusammenhänge, die die Geschichte der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft während des Dritten Reiches im Spannungsfeld zwischen politischer Anpassung und wissenschaftlicher Autonomie bestimmt haben.
Serving The Reich
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Author : Philip Ball
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2023-10-20
Serving The Reich written by Philip Ball and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-20 with History categories.
The compelling story of leading physicists in Germany—including Peter Debye, Max Planck, and Werner Heisenberg—and how they accommodated themselves to working within the Nazi state in the 1930s and ’40s. After World War II, most scientists in Germany maintained that they had been apolitical or actively resisted the Nazi regime, but the true story is much more complicated. In Serving the Reich, Philip Ball takes a fresh look at that controversial history, contrasting the career of Peter Debye, director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin, with those of two other leading physicists in Germany during the Third Reich: Max Planck, the elder statesman of physics after whom Germany’s premier scientific society is now named, and Werner Heisenberg, who succeeded Debye as director of the institute when it became focused on the development of nuclear power and weapons. Mixing history, science, and biography, Ball’s gripping exploration of the lives of scientists under Nazism offers a powerful portrait of moral choice and personal responsibility, as scientists navigated “the grey zone between complicity and resistance.” Ball’s account of the different choices these three men and their colleagues made shows how there can be no clear-cut answers or judgment of their conduct. Yet, despite these ambiguities, Ball makes it undeniable that the German scientific establishment as a whole mounted no serious resistance to the Nazis, and in many ways acted as a willing instrument of the state. Serving the Reich considers what this problematic history can tell us about the relationship between science and politics today. Ultimately, Ball argues, a determination to present science as an abstract inquiry into nature that is “above politics” can leave science and scientists dangerously compromised and vulnerable to political manipulation.
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society Under National Socialism
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Author : Susanne Heim
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-04-27
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society Under National Socialism written by Susanne Heim and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-04-27 with History categories.
This book examines the Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes under Hitler, illustrating the cooperation between scientists and National Socialists in service of autarky, racial hygiene, war, and genocide.
Science And Conscience
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Author : Jost Lemmerich
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2011-08-10
Science And Conscience written by Jost Lemmerich and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-10 with History categories.
James Franck (1882–1964) was one of the twentieth century's most respected scientists, known both for his contributions to physics and for his moral courage. During the 1920s, Franck was a prominent figure in the German physics community. His research into the structure of the atom earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1925. After the Nazis seized power in 1933, Franck resigned his professorship at Gottingen in protest against anti-Jewish policies. He soon emigrated to the United States, where, at the University of Chicago, he began innovative research into photosynthesis. When the Second World War began, Franck was recruited for the Manhattan Project. With Enrico Fermi and Leo Szilard, he created a controlled nuclear chain reaction which led to the creation of a nuclear weapon. During the final months of the war, however, Franck grew concerned about the consequences of using such a weapon. He became the principal author of the celebrated "Franck Report," which urged Truman not to use the atomic bomb and warned that a nuclear arms race against the Soviet Union would be an inevitable result. After the War, Franck turned his attention back to photosynthesis; his discoveries influenced chemistry as well as physics.
Ludwig Prandtl
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Author : Michael Eckert
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-25
Ludwig Prandtl written by Michael Eckert and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-25 with Science categories.
This is a comprehensive biography of Ludwig Prandtl (1875-1953), the father of modern aerodynamics. His name is associated most famously with the boundary layer concept, but also with several other topics in 20th century fluid mechanics, particularly turbulence (Prandtl's mixing length). Among his disciples are pioneers of modern fluid mechanics such as Heinrich Blasius, Theodore von Kármán and Walter Tollmien. Furthermore, Prandtl founded the Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (AVA) and the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Strömungsforschung in Göttingen, both of them seeds for the growth of fluid mechanics in Germany. Yet Prandtl was also a representative of aeronautical research - from Imperial Germany via the Weimar Republic to the "Third Reich". Although not a party member, he assumed the role of a goodwill ambassador for Nazi Germany. This objective treatment of his career will be of interest to all scientists and historians wanting to learn more about Prandtl's influence and the early development of fluid- and aerodynamics.
Scientific Research In World War Ii
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Author : Ad Maas
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2009-01-13
Scientific Research In World War Ii written by Ad Maas and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-01-13 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
Scientific Research in World War II seeks to explore how scientists managed to cope with the particular circumstances created by the war. The book focuses on both war-waging countries such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Germany, and the United States, and those under occupation, such as the Netherlands and France.
Farm Hall And The German Atomic Project Of World War Ii
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Author : David C. Cassidy
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-09-05
Farm Hall And The German Atomic Project Of World War Ii written by David C. Cassidy and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-05 with Science categories.
This gripping book brings back to life the events surrounding the internment of ten German Nuclear Scientists immediately after World War II. It is also an "eye-witness" account of the dawning of the nuclear age, with the dialogue and narrative spanning the period before, during and after atomic bombs were dropped on Japan at the end of the war. This pivotal historical episode is conveyed, along with the emotions as well as the facts, through drama, historical narrative, and photographs of the captive German nuclear scientists - who included Werner Heisenberg, Otto Hahn, and Max von Laue. The unique story that unfolds in the play is based on secretly recorded transcripts of the scientists’ actual conversations at Farm Hall, together with related documents and photographs.
The German Physical Society In The Third Reich
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Author : Dieter Hoffmann
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012
The German Physical Society In The Third Reich written by Dieter Hoffmann and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with History categories.
This book details the effects of the Nazi regime on the German Physical Society.
Beyond Uncertainty
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Author : David C. Cassidy
language : en
Publisher: Bellevue Literary Press
Release Date : 2010-04-01
Beyond Uncertainty written by David C. Cassidy and has been published by Bellevue Literary Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-01 with Science categories.
"Exhaustively detailed yet eminently readable, this is an important book."Publishers Weekly, starred review "Cassidy does not so much exculpate Heisenberg as explain him, with a transparency that makes this biography a pleasure to read."Los Angeles Times "Well crafted and readable . . . [Cassidy] provides a nuanced and compelling account of Heisenberg's life."The Harvard Book Review In 1992, David C. Cassidy’s groundbreaking biography of Werner Heisenberg, Uncertainty, was published to resounding acclaim from scholars and critics. Michael Frayn, in the Playbill of the Broadway production of Copenhagen, referred to it as one of his main sources and “the standard work in English.” Richard Rhodes (The Making of the Atom Bomb) called it “the definitive biography of a great and tragic physicist,” and the Los Angeles Times praised it as “an important book. Cassidy has sifted the record and brilliantly detailed Heisenberg’s actions.” No book that has appeared since has rivaled Uncertainty, now out of print, for its depth and rich detail of the life, times, and science of this brilliant and controversial figure of twentieth-century physics. Since the fall of the Soviet Union, long-suppressed information has emerged on Heisenberg’s role in the Nazi atomic bomb project. In Beyond Uncertainty, Cassidy interprets this and other previously unknown material within the context of his vast research and tackles the vexing questions of a scientist’s personal responsibility and guilt when serving an abhorrent military regime. David C. Cassidy is the author of J. Robert Oppenheimer and the American Century, Einstein and Our World, and Uncertainty.
Heisenberg In The Atomic Age
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Author : Cathryn Carson
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-01-11
Heisenberg In The Atomic Age written by Cathryn Carson and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-11 with Biography & Autobiography categories.
The end of the Second World War opened a new era for science in public life. Heisenberg in the Atomic Age explores the transformations of science's public presence in the postwar Federal Republic of Germany. It shows how Heisenberg's philosophical commentaries, circulating in the mass media, secured his role as science's public philosopher, and it reflects on his policy engagements and public political stands, which helped redefine the relationship between science and the state. With deep archival grounding, the book tracks Heisenberg's interactions with intellectuals from Heidegger to Habermas and political leaders from Adenauer to Brandt. It also traces his evolving statements about his wartime research on nuclear fission for the National Socialist regime. Working between the history of science and German history, the book's central theme is the place of scientific rationality in public life - after the atomic bomb, in the wake of the Third Reich.