Pitfalls In The Theory Of Fairness
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Pitfalls In The Theory Of Fairness
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Author : Elisha Pazner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Pitfalls In The Theory Of Fairness written by Elisha Pazner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Fairness categories.
Two Problems In The Theory Of Fairness
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Author : Hal R. Varian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Two Problems In The Theory Of Fairness written by Hal R. Varian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with categories.
Fairness
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Author : Nicholas Rescher
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-02-06
Fairness written by Nicholas Rescher and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-06 with Philosophy categories.
In theory and practice, the notion of fairness is far from simple. The principle is often elusive and subject to confusion, even in institutions of law, usage, and custom. In Fairness, Nicholas Rescher aims to liberate this concept from misunderstandings by showing how its definitive characteristics prevent it from being absorbed by such related conceptions as paternalistic benevolence, radical egalitarianism, and social harmonization. Rescher demonstrates that equality before the state is an instrument of justice, not of social utility or public welfare, and argues that the notion of fairness stops well short of a literal egalitarianism. Rescher disposes of the confusions arising from economists' penchant to focus on individual preferences, from decision theorists' concern for averting envy, and from political theorists' sympathy for egalitarianism. In their place he shows how the idea of distributive equity forms the core of the concept of fairness in matters of distributive justice. The coordination of shares with valid claims is the crux of the concept of fairness. In Rescher's view, this means that the pursuit of fairness requires objective rather than subjective evaluation of the goods being shared. This is something quite different from subjective equity based on the personal evaluation of goods by those laying claim to them. Insofar as subjective equity is a concern, the appropriate procedure for its realization is a process of maximum value distribution. Further, Rescher demonstrates that in matters of distributive justice, the distinction between new ownership and preexisting ownership is pivotal and calls for proceeding on very different principles depending on the case. How one should proceed depends on context, and what is adjudged fair is pragmatic, in that there are different requirements for effectiveness in achieving the aims and purposes of the sort of distribution that is intended. Rescher concludes that fairness is a fundamentally ethical concept. Its distinctive modus operandi contrasts sharply with the aims of paternalism, preference-maximizing, or economic advantage. Fairness will be of interest to philosophers, economists, and political scientists.
The Limits Of Rawlsian Justice
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Author : Roberto Alejandro
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
The Limits Of Rawlsian Justice written by Roberto Alejandro and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Law categories.
In A Theory of Justice and Political Liberalism, Rawls set out to prove four major propositions to justify the politics of welfarism; namely, that the institutions of the modern state are compatible with an idea of justice defined by fairness; that political agreement on such an idea is possible; that justice as fairness avoids the pitfalls of utilitarianism and its concomitant reliance on majoritarian views; and that his view of justice is able to promote stability over the long run. In The Limits of Rawlsian Justice political theorist Roberto Alejandro challenges these assumptions. Whereas other opponents of Rawls have attempted to offer an alternative to his concept of justice as fairness, Alejandro instead examines Rawls from within his own writings, testing Rawls's assumptions on the basis of those assumptions themselves. As a result, Alejandro shows that Rawls's idea of justice as fairness is fraught with inner tensions, is exposed to utilitarian dangers, and is far from being the coherent model Rawls promised.
The Cambridge Companion To Utilitarianism
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Author : Ben Eggleston
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2014-01-30
The Cambridge Companion To Utilitarianism written by Ben Eggleston and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-30 with History categories.
This book offers a comprehensive overview of one of the most important and frequently discussed accounts of morality. It will be an important resource for all those studying moral philosophy, political philosophy, political theory and history of ideas.
Fairness In Law And Economics
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Author : Lee Anne Fennell
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2013
Fairness In Law And Economics written by Lee Anne Fennell and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Cost effectiveness categories.
Although the relationship between fairness and the economic concept of efficiency is usually cast as an adversarial one, this collection demonstrates the robust and diverse ways in which economics engages - and cannot avoid engaging - with fairness. Part I contains papers presenting positive analyses of fairness preferences and beliefs, which are fundamental means through which fairness matters for economic models. Part II turns to normative analysis and the broad question of how law should reconcile fairness and efficiency considerations. Part III presents a sampling of legal and policy applications in which both fairness and efficiency considerations prove important. Along with an original introduction by the editors this is a must-have volume that will appeal to students, academics and practitioners who are interested in this exciting field.
Measuring Utility
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Author : Ivan Moscati
language : en
Publisher: Oxford Studies in History of E
Release Date : 2018-11-22
Measuring Utility written by Ivan Moscati and has been published by Oxford Studies in History of E this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Utility is a key concept in the economics of individual decision-making. However, utility is not measurable in a straightforward way. As a result, from the very beginning there has been debates about the meaning of utility as well as how to measure it. This book is an innovative investigation of how these arguments changed over time. Measuring Utility reconstructs economists' ideas and discussions about utility measurement from 1870 to 1985, as well as their attempts to measure utility empirically. The book brings into focus the interplay between the evolution of utility analysis, economists' ideas about utility measurement, and their conception of what measurement in general means. It also explores the relationships between the history of utility measurement in economics, the history of the measurement of sensations in psychology, and the history of measurement theory in general. Finally, the book discusses some methodological problems related to utility measurement, such as the epistemological status of the utility concept and its measures. The first part covers the period 1870-1910, and discusses the issue of utility measurement in the theories of Jevons, Menger, Walras and other early utility theorists. Part II deals with the emergence of the notions of ordinal and cardinal utility during the period 1900-1945, and discusses two early attempts to give an empirical content to the notion of utility. Part III focuses on the 1945-1955 debate on utility measurement that was originated by von Neumann and Morgenstern's expected utility theory (EUT). Part IV reconstructs the experimental attempts to measure the utility of money between 1950 and 1985 within the framework provided by EUT. This historical and epistemological overview provides keen insights into current debates about rational choice theory and behavioral economics in the theory of individual decision-making and the philosophy of economics.
Fair Trade Coffee
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Author : Gavin Fridell
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto Press
Release Date : 2007-01-01
Fair Trade Coffee written by Gavin Fridell and has been published by University of Toronto Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-01-01 with Political Science categories.
Using case studies from Mexico and Canada, this book examines the fair trade coffee movement at both the global and local level, assessing its effectiveness and locating it within political and development theory. It provides an analysis of fair trade coffee in the context of global trade.
Advances In Organizational Justice
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Author : Jerald Greenberg
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2002-03-01
Advances In Organizational Justice written by Jerald Greenberg and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.
This is a state-of-the-science book about organizational justice, which is the study of people’s perception of fairness in organizations. The volume’s contributors, all acknowledged leaders in this burgeoning field, present new theoretical positions, clarify existing paradigms, and identify future areas of application. The first chapter provides a comprehensive framework that integrates and synthesizes key concepts in the field: distributive justice, procedural justice, and retributive justice. The second chapter is a full theoretical analysis of how people use fairness judgments as means of guiding their reactions to organizations and their authorities. The subsequent two chapters examine the conceptual interrelationships between various forms of organizational justice. First, we are given a definitive review and analysis of interactional justice that critically assesses the evidence bearing on its validity. The next chapter argues that previous research has underemphasized important similarities between distributive and procedural justice, and suggests new research directions for establishing these similarities. The three following chapters focus on the social and interpersonal antecedents of justice judgments: the influence that expectations of justice and injustice can have on work-related attitudes and behavior; the construction of a model of the determinants and consequences of normative beliefs about justice in organizations that emphasizes the role of cross-cultural norms; and the potential impact of diversity and multiculturalism on the viability of organizations. The book’s final chapter identifies seven canons of organizational justice and warns that in the absence of additional conceptual refinement these canons may operate as loose cannons that threaten the existence of justice as a viable construct in the organizational sciences.
The Oxford Handbook Of Well Being And Public Policy
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Author : Matthew D. Adler
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2016-04-21
The Oxford Handbook Of Well Being And Public Policy written by Matthew D. Adler and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-21 with Political Science categories.
What are the methodologies for assessing and improving governmental policy in light of well-being? The Oxford Handbook of Well-Being and Public Policy provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary treatment of this topic. The contributors draw from welfare economics, moral philosophy, and psychology and are leading scholars in these fields. The Handbook includes thirty chapters divided into four Parts. Part I covers the full range of methodologies for evaluating governmental policy and assessing societal condition-including both the leading approaches in current use by policymakers and academics (such as GDP, cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, inequality and poverty metrics, and the concept of the "social welfare function"), and emerging techniques. Part II focuses on the nature of well-being. What, most fundamentally, determines whether an individual life is better or worse for the person living it? Her happiness? Her preference-satisfaction? Her attainment of various "objective goods"? Part III addresses the measurement of well-being and the thorny topic of interpersonal comparisons. How can we construct a meaningful scale of individual welfare, which allows for comparisons of well-being levels and differences, both within one individual's life, and across lives? Finally, Part IV reviews the major challenges to designing governmental policy around individual well-being.